Conclusion

2019 ◽  
pp. 275-278
Author(s):  
Emma Cole
Keyword(s):  
First Century ◽  
The Political ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Contemporary Theatre ◽  
Early Twenty ◽  
New Directions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Twenty First Century

Postdramatic receptions of ancient tragedy represent a growing trend in contemporary theatre. This conclusion draws together the three core styles of postdramatic theatre considered in Postdramatic Tragedies, and considers future directions surrounding the combination of ancient tragedy and postdramatic theatre. The chapter reaffirms the significance of the political to postdramatic classical receptions. It claims that postdramatic tragedies have pushed both the tragic genre and the postdramatic style in new directions, and that an appreciation of them is key to understanding the history of theatre and of tragedy in the late twentieth and early twenty-first century.

GLASS MUSIC OF THE TWENTIETH AND TWENTY-FIRST CENTURIES

Tempo ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (289) ◽  
pp. 30-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hunter Coblentz
Keyword(s):  
First Century ◽  
Early Twenty ◽  
Musical Practices ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Twenty First Century

AbstractThis article serves as an introduction to the twentieth- and twenty-first-century musical practices that have made use of glass instruments and objects. Emphasis is placed on those practices that use glass in a raw, acoustic manner, and those that take advantage of the precision with which glass can be tuned. First, a general history of glass music is presented, followed by an overview of the physical and acoustic aspects pertaining to the material that are relevant to those composers wishing to integrate glass into their works. Finally, the composers, performers and instrument builders who have made significant use of glass in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries are surveyed.

Religion and Book Cultures in America

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew S. Hedstrom
Keyword(s):  
New England ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
First Century ◽  
Forthcoming Article ◽  
Joseph Smith ◽  
Institutional Authority ◽  
Early Twenty ◽  
History Of ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
A Site

This is an advance summary of a forthcoming article in the Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Religion. Please check back later for the full article. At the center of the long, intertwined history of religion and books in America from the early seventeenth century to the early twenty-first century is the dynamic interplay of Protestantism and print in American culture. The Protestant doctrine of sola scriptura energized the publication of Bibles in vernacular languages. The first large-scale publishing project in North America was John Eliot’s Algonquin Bible of 1663. From these beginnings, though the nineteenth-century Bible and tract societies, to the Christian Booksellers Association of the early twenty-first century, the story of Protestant community life and evangelism in America has been inseparable from the Protestant drive to control and disseminate print. Protestantism shaped both American religious history and the history of American reading, as the drive for mass literacy in New England and the early public school movement were largely driven by the religious imperative to access the Word. Yet all along, print has also served as a site of religious conflict and a tool of religious innovation. These conflicts can be tracked through the writings of Thomas Paine, Joseph Smith, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, and other religious dissenters and innovators, structured around four large themes: the relationship between scriptural and nonscriptural forms of print; the role of print in bolstering institutional authority on one hand and in undermining authority on the other; the gendered dimensions of reading, literacy, and authorship; and print as commodity and therefore as a site where market dynamics shape religion with particular potency.

G. K. Chesterton and Islam

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Tom Villis
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
First Century ◽  
The Political ◽  
Religious Context ◽  
Anti Semitism ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Early Twenty ◽  
Protestant Christianity ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
Scholarly Attention

G. K. Chesterton's anti-Semitism has attracted much scholarly attention, but his views on Islam have largely passed without comment. This article situates Chesterton's writings in relation to historical views of Islam in Britain and the political, cultural and religious context of the early twentieth century. Chesterton's complex and contradictory opinions fail to support easy conclusions about the immutability of prejudice across time. His views of Islam are at times orientalist and at other times critical of imperialism and elitism. As well as drawing on medieval Catholic ideas about the “heresy” of Islam, Chesterton also links Islam with Protestant Christianity. From another perspective, his views of Islam draw on liberal traditions of humanitarian interventionism and democratic patriotism. Finally, he also used Islam as a symbol of a corroding modernity. This study suggests the need for a historically sensitive genealogy of the evolution of anti-Muslim prejudice which is not predetermined by the politics of the early twenty-first century.

“Beyond the Rainbow”

2018 ◽  
pp. 223-240
Author(s):  
Walter Frisch
Keyword(s):  
Social Contexts ◽  
First Century ◽  
The Political ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Wizard Of Oz ◽  
The Past ◽  
Early Twenty ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
Iconic Status

To paraphrase one of the most famous lines in movie history, we are not in Kansas—or in Oz—anymore. Nevertheless, the songs of The Wizard of Oz have continued to resonate well beyond the 1939 MGM film, extending deep into the political, cultural, and social contexts of the early twenty-first century. This chapter explores something of the afterlives of the songs, with a special focus on the most popular one, “Over the Rainbow,” which has achieved iconic status over the past eighty years. And if there is any overarching legacy of the songs, it is perhaps the idea that however much we dream or hope, we should not give up our home, our roots.

scholarly journals Making the Most of Capital in the Twenty-First Century

2015 ◽  
Vol 70 (01) ◽  
pp. 21-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter H. Lindert
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
First Century ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
The Political ◽  
Historical Evolution ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
History Of ◽  
Democratic System ◽  
Political Responses ◽  
Twenty First Century

Abstracts Thomas Piketty’s monumental Capital in the Twenty-First Century has transported us to a higher understanding of the historical evolution of inequality. This essay attempts to inventory the different avenues of research, more or less promising, that scholars might usefully pursue when building on his work. The most important path to follow is the history of inequalities in income that Piketty and his team have flagged up so well, supported by the book’s history of the great shocks of the twentieth century and the political responses that they elicited. Less promising is the book’s emphasis on wealth, capital, and the rate of return. The best predictions of future inequality can be achieved by merging Piketty and his team’s history of those who hold the top 10 percent of income with works dedicated to the history of inequality within the lower 90 percent. It is also necessary to integrate other scholarship that has demonstrated that the sort of democratic system Piketty calls for would have positive effects on growth.

The Quartet in the Political Persona of Ida B. Wells

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joy James
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
First Century ◽  
The Political ◽  
Black Lives Matter ◽  
Political Analysis ◽  
Self Defense ◽  
Early Twenty ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Twenty First Century

Antilynching activism and advocacy are codified in Wells’s writings, particularly the 1892 pamphlet Southern Horrors: Lynch Law in All Its Phases. Wells presented an astute political analysis of racial-sexual violence within US democracy that remains influential from the late nineteenth to the early twenty-first century. A review of Wells’s advocacy for Afro-American autonomy and self-defense to counter racial terror and rape, and her critique of the duplicity of antirape discourse that demonizes blacks, suggests that the legacy of Ida B. Wells is discernible in contemporary analysis and activism found in organizations such as Black Lives Matter and the Black Women’s Blueprint.

scholarly journals Ogni pensiero vola: the embodied psyche in Terrence Malick's The Tree of Life

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-158
Author(s):  
John Izod ◽  
Joanna Dovalis
Keyword(s):  
Tree Of Life ◽  
Full Term ◽  
First Century ◽  
Conscious Awareness ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Early Twenty ◽  
History Of ◽  
Affective Experiences ◽  
Twenty First Century

The Tree of Life touches on embodiment of the soul in an early sequence covering courtship, marriage and the first pregnancy of a young couple. In a delicate formal scene, Mrs O'Brien, nearing full term, treads gently along a river's edge summoning infant souls luminous in white linen. She opens a minute book of life to one of them, preparing his entry through the iron gates that open on embodied life. Presently, the infant soul rises up from his underwater home beyond the reach of conscious awareness: Mrs O'Brien gives birth to her first son, Jack. This is the boy who will eventually become a middle-aged man in crisis. Ravaged then by grief for his long-dead younger brother and his own inability to live at peace with his family or himself, his memories, visions and reflections accumulate in a way that makes him a suffering Hermes for the early twenty-first century. The initiating episode of the infant's birth complements the embodied and affective experiences of those in the audience who accept the film's sensual invitation to steep themselves in the immense scale of its gorgeous sounds and images. They then discover on the pulse that, more than the history of one Texan family, it attempts nothing less than the necessary re-creation of the godhead for the early twenty-first century. Contrary to the rigid medieval dogmas of so many orthodox religions, The Tree of Life assures us not of a changeless eternity but rather the sacred and ceaseless metamorphosis of numinous energy.

Paradise Lost in Dutch, 1728–2003

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Frans van Dijkhuizen
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Paradise Lost ◽  
First Century ◽  
Religious Dimension ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Early Twenty ◽  
History Of ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
Verse Form ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter offers a history of Dutch translations of Paradise Lost, from the early eighteenth to the early twenty-first century. The focus is on the question of how Dutch translators have grappled with two issues: the epic’s verse form, especially its lack of rhyme and syntactic idiosyncrasies; and its politico-religious dimension, its complex view of the relationship between earthly and divine authority, as well as its anti-predestinarian stance. The history of Paradise Lost in Dutch, which starts with the translation of Van Zanten in 1728, is characterized by an unresolved formal struggle with Milton’s blank verse, embraced unreservedly only in the early twentieth century, with translator Gutteling. Before 1900, the politico-religious dimension of Paradise Lost was at the fore for translators, yet this aspect of the poem has receded in prominence, with translators after 1900 presenting the poem instead as a timeless and self-contained work of literary genius.

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