scholarly journals Breaking the Spell of the Male Gaze in Selected Women's Ekphrastic Poems.

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (37) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Shaymaa Zuhair Al-Wattar
Keyword(s):  
Margaret Atwood ◽  
Women Poets ◽  
Male Gaze ◽  
Representation Of Women ◽  
Rita Dove ◽  
Word And Image ◽  
Carol Ann Duffy ◽  
Strong Position ◽  
Male Dominated ◽  
Hunting Ground

For centuries art and poetry have been inspiring each other and the relation between word and image constantly fascinates the poets. The literary world has given poems that tackle artwork the name: ekphrasis. Ekphrasis represents a rich hunting ground for references, allusions, and inspiration for poets. However, ekphrasis is powerfully gendered that privileged male gaze. Traditionally, the male is given the strong position as the gazer, while the woman is locked in her predetermined role that of the beautiful, silent, submissive, gazed upon.             Women poets refuse to adhere to the gendered ekphrastic tradition and the under-representation of women in ekphrastic poetry. They strongly challenged the ekphrasis tradition modifying it to create a distinctive feminist ekphrasis. Their poetry changes the male-dominated ekphrsis tradition that for centuries has pervaded the Western cultures. The work of the poets Louise Bogan,Carol Ann Duffy, Rita Dove, and Margaret Atwood is an excellent example of women's ekphrastic poetry that defies the tradition of patriarchal male gaze in an attempt to break the spell of the male gaze.

Workplace crime and inequality

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 25-27
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Reading Time ◽  
Gender Disparity ◽  
Cutting Edge ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Representation Of Women ◽  
Pertinent Information ◽  
Male Dominated ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies. Design/methodology/approach This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context. Findings In male-dominated professions such as accounting, gender disparity exists when transgressions are committed. Women are at the risk of receiving harsher sentences than their male counterparts in various situations. Greater representation of women on disciplinary panels and concealing of gender during trials are measures which can help reduce the level of bias that currently prevails. Practical Implications The paper provides strategic insights and practical thinking that have influenced some of the world’s leading organizations. Originality/value The briefing saves busy executives and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.

scholarly journals Gender and Poetry in Muslim Spain: Mapping the Sexual-Textual Politics of Al-Andalus

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
AWEJ for Translation & Literary Studies ◽  
O. Ishaq Tijani ◽  
Imed Nsiri
Keyword(s):  
Political Agency ◽  
Women Poets ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
Male Dominated ◽  
Textual Politics ◽  
Literary Methods ◽  
Muslim Spain ◽  
Classical Arabic

This article revisits the role of women in the Andalusian literature and culture of the period between the 8th through the 15th centuries C.E. Drawing on some Western sexual-textual political models of analysis, the article reexamines the literary methods and devices employed by selected Andalusian women poets to demonstrate their intellectual equality with men. Moreover, by providing a sexual-textual political reading of some of the women’s poems and/or the anecdotes (akhbār) about them, the article demonstrates how these women exerted their social and political agency in a male-dominated society. The article seeks to bolster an argument that the frequent mention of the preponderance of women poets—their names and the anecdotes about them—suggests the existence of a female literary sub-culture in al-Andalus that was more vibrant than has been documented in the male-authored classical Arabic texts

scholarly journals Diving into the Subconscious of Women and Nature: Margaret Atwood’s Surfacing as an Ecofeminist Novel

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Hyma Santhosh
Keyword(s):  
Margaret Atwood ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Worth Living ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Life Worth Living ◽  
Female Community ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Rapid Industrialization ◽  
Male Dominated ◽  
Self Discovery

Woman and nature can be considered the best creations of god. Both together keep the earth alive and balanced through the process of creation. The male dominated practices have destroyed the nature as well as women. This paper deals with the different aspects of Eco-feminism through the novel Surfacing by Margaret Atwood. The narrator’s quest to the wilderness of Canada in search for her father which leads to a quest of self-discovery in the lap of nature becomes the major focus of this paper. The unknown protagonist becomes a representative of the entire female community. The realization that women are just an object to be conquered and violated by men is what leads to the ‘surfacing’ of the protagonist. In complete harmony with nature excluding clothes, language, food etc. the protagonist goes crazy which gives her more happiness that with her other relationships. The paper also tries to analyse the close relationship between women and nature and how the virgin nature and woman are destroyed by the invasion of the male community. Repressed gender roles, submissiveness, self-realization through nature and the challenges faced by women that are presented. The concept of women and nature as both victims of the male dominated society is also emphasized. This novel is the perfect literary example of an Eco-feminist work that portrays the destruction of women and nature even in the minutest episodes in the novel. Nature is a treasure-house of many myths that lay hidden in the beliefs, rights and rituals of the aboriginals which are passed from one generation to another. In the same manner women also are the sustainer's of many myths that the male society has made upon her. The mother i.e. both woman and nature is examined here.In a vast country like Canada,nature comprises to its majority through its wilderness.This wilderness hides many priceless virtues and knowledge that can be learnt only in complete harmony with nature.Surfacing is not just the journey of a woman but it is the quest that the female gender thrives for.This paper combines the theories of eco-criticism, eco-feminism and to analyse the novel Surfacing into a biological whole that merges nature, man and the beliefs of man that make existence meaningful and life worth living. In an era of rapid industrialization and materialism, it is necessary to go on a quest back to nature and learn how life was easier in the lap of nature. Great writers like Shakespeare,Chaucer and Wordsworth were able to carve out such master pieces only because of their relationship with the purest and virgin nature which is the greatest teacher for mankind of all times.

scholarly journals Dysfunctional Gaze and the Representation(s) of Women in Nuala Ní Chonchúir’s “As I Look”

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 247-258
Author(s):  
Máximo Aláez Corral
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Female Body ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Male Gaze ◽  
Literary Representation ◽  
Representation Of Women ◽  
The Gaze

In this article I intend to analyse Nuala Ní Chonchúir’s short story “As I Look,” from her 2009 collection Nude, in relation to the concept of dysfunction, the representation of the nude female body, and the deconstruction of the conventional male gaze. My analysis will be backed up by a theoretical framework on objectification and will focus on dysfunction in the gaze and representation, and also in narration. I aim at highlighting dysfunction as an instrument to convey a new meaning around the visual/literary representation of women, a more positive and desirable connotation than the “functional” order of the visual norm.

DISABILITY AND GENDER IN THE VISUAL FIELD: SEEING THE SUBTERRANEAN LIVES OF MICHAEL FIELD'S WILLIAM RUFUS

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-152
Author(s):  
Sharon Bickle
Keyword(s):  
Women Poets ◽  
Male Gaze ◽  
Love Affair ◽  
Michael Field ◽  
Love Story ◽  
Multiple Voices ◽  
Successful Recovery ◽  
Edith Cooper ◽  
Critical Approaches ◽  
And Gender

When the UK'sGuardiannewspaper featured “La Gioconda” as poem of the week in January 2010, the paper's popular readership discovered what many late-Victorian scholars had known about for some time: the poetic partnership of Katharine Bradley (1846–1914) and Edith Cooper (1862–1913), known as “Michael Field.” The successful recovery of the Fields as significant late-Victorian writers – a project now in its second decade – seems poised to emerge into popular awareness driven as much by interest in their unconventional love affair as by the poetry itself. Scholars too have been seduced by the romance of a transgressive love story, and the critical nexus between sexuality and textuality has produced remarkable scholarship on the Fields’ lyric poetry: those texts in which the personas have a rough equivalence with Bradley and Cooper themselves. Yopie Prins first noted the complex engagement of multiple voices with lyric structure in Long Ago (74–111), and Ana Parejo Vadillo (Women Poets 175–95), Jill Ehnenn (73–96), and Hilary Fraser (553–56) expanded on this to uncover the transformation of the lyric's male gaze into a triangulated lesbian vision in Sight and Song (1892). In contrast to the recognition accorded their lyric verse, most critics have overlooked Michael Field's verse dramas. While there have been attempts to shift attention onto the plays, the significance of the Fields’ lesbian vision to the dramas has never been explored. This article seeks to redress this pervasive neglect and begin dismantling the boundaries that have grown up between critical approaches to the lyrics and the plays.

scholarly journals Women at work! Evaluating equal employment policies and outcomes in construction

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica French ◽  
Glenda Strachan
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Options ◽  
Public Access ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Employment Policies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Or Management ◽  
Representation Of Women ◽  
Equal Employment ◽  
Male Dominated

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine equal employment policies in Australia’s male-dominated construction industry and categorise the types of activities undertaken against an equal employment typology to identify links to outcomes for women in the form of increased participation and management. Design/methodology/approach – To explore the issue of low representation of women in construction through the content analysis of 83 construction organisations’ equal employment opportunity (EEO) reports. Findings – This industry is not engaging with equal employment issues and the numbers of women working in the industry and/or management are based on individual decision rather than an institutional commitment to equality in diversity. Research limitations/implications – Australian legislation mandates organisational reporting of relevant data and offers public access to this information offering a unique data set. Practical implications – An ageing population means that the predominately older male workforce is leaving construction in greater numbers with fewer potential replacements making new labour markets a vital consideration. Social implications – Legislation and organisational policies designed to promote EEO for women have existed in numerous countries for decades. One objective of this legislation was to reduce male domination in senior positions and industries/occupations where women were under-represented. Despite this, few women are employed in construction in operational or management roles worldwide. Originality/value – This study offers a comprehensive analysis of a male-dominated industry in one jurisdiction rather than a few selected cases and uses a broader rigorous typology for analysis that acknowledges both equal and different treatment options.

scholarly journals Escaped from the Harem, Trapped in the Orient: An analysis of the multiple gazes in Nadine Labaki’s movie Where Do We Go Now?

1970 ◽  
pp. 87-92
Author(s):  
Anna Kokko
Keyword(s):  
Visual Culture ◽  
Sexual Desire ◽  
Male Gaze ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Representation Of Women ◽  
The Gaze ◽  
Feminist Discourse ◽  
Broad Array

Throughout history, the majority of artists have been men, and quite often the women in their works have been featured as passive objects of male sexual desire. This sort of one-sided dynamic is ubiquitous; it can be detected in the vast majority of Western nude paintings, and even modern advertisements tend to conform to the same pattern (Berger, 1977). As a consequence, feminist discourse of the representation of women in visual culture has focused on the concept of male gaze. However, the proliferation of images in modern times has given rise to a “broad array of gazes and implied viewers” (Sturken, 2005, p. 87). Women are no longer simply objectified, nor is the business of directing the gaze relegated to solely a male domain.

Visual pleasure from motherhood: Alyssa Milano challenging the male gaze

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 1281-1291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raeann Ritland
Keyword(s):  
Visual Design ◽  
Male Gaze ◽  
Dominant Culture ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Visual Elements ◽  
Female Gaze ◽  
Visual Pleasure ◽  
Mixed Responses ◽  
Male Dominated ◽  
Representations Of Women

Using male and female gaze theories as frameworks, this article analyzes the visual design and composition of four distinct breastfeeding (BF) photographs posted by Alyssa Milano to her Instagram in order to better understand the public’s mixed responses of support and criticism. I argue that Milano borrows visual elements from the male gaze and combines them with feminine content in an attempt to (1) challenge the dominant, patriarchal norm of deriving pleasure from viewing sexualized women and (2) instead encourage an understanding of the maternal woman as visually pleasing. In turn, Milano’s message supports the normalization of public BF. Milano’s position as firmly entrenched in the male-dominated world of television and film is key: it enables her to speak and promote change from within the system, for external oppositions often remain on the outside, as counterpoint. Using Instagram promotes this as well. Rather than dilute their power, intermingling BF images with those representing the dominant culture may prove more successful for its gradual progression to normalization. The end goal, of course, is to encourage not just acceptance but a sense of pleasure in seeing feminine representations of women, including those focused on aspects of motherhood, like BF.

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