scholarly journals Gastrointestinal parasitism in goats and role of seasonal changes on their prevalence: A study of Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
Rajesh Kumar Das ◽  
Prabin Neupane ◽  
Endang Sulistyowati
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Contaminated Food ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasitism ◽  
Cattle Rearing ◽  
Goat Farming

Goat farming is the good source of income for people living in countryside, Nepal. This occupation supports socioeconomic living of many people in developing countries. Gastro-parasitic infections in goats can decrease the meat supply in a country where demand of goat meat is ever increasing. The objective of this study was to identify the gastrointestinal parasites in feces of goats and impact of seasonal changes on their prevalence. This is a cross-sectional study done on 212 goats from Kapilbastu, Nepal. For this study, feces of goats were collected during summer and winter and observed microscopically to find the causative organisms. The result showed the helminths from trematode (22.22%), cestode (12.5%) and nematode (65.27%) caused heavy gastrointestinal infection in 144 microscopically positive samples taken from Kapilbastu, Nepal. The major helminths were Toxocara (16.66%), Oesophagnum (8.32%), Strongyloides (6.25%) and Trichuris (4.86%) among nematodes, Fasciola  (15.97%) caused highest infection among trematode and Taenia (9.72%) among cestode. The prevalence of these infections was significantly higher during summer than winter. The higher prevalence of these helminths is the indication of supply contaminated food and water. Moreover, unawareness and ignorance about such diseases can increase the infection rate. Proper management of goat farm together with good cattle rearing training can increase the productivity.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Swine Gastrointestinal Parasites in Nyagatare District, Rwanda

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
M. Tumusiime ◽  
P. Ntampaka ◽  
F. Niragire ◽  
T. Sindikubwabo ◽  
F. Habineza
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pig Production ◽  
Zoonotic Infections

While pig farming has been growing rapidly in Rwanda, its potential contribution to the prevalence of zoonotic infections is not well known. Pig production is usually affected by gastrointestinal parasites, some of which are zoonotic and can threaten human health. The knowledge about the status of such infections is essential for policy decisions and interventions. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of swine gastrointestinal parasites in Nyagatare district, Rwanda. A cross-sectional study involved collecting 104 faecal samples from apparently healthy pigs. The floatation technique was used to identify the parasites and frequency distribution analysis, and Pearson chi-square tests of association were conducted for this study data. Overall, the prevalence of swine gastrointestinal parasites was 84.6%, and the predominant species were Strongyle-type helminths representing 70.2%, followed by coccidia (55.8%), Strongyloides ransomi (39.4%), and Ascaris suum (10.6%). Of all parasitized pigs ( n = 88 ), 84.1% developed coinfections involving 2, 3, or 4 different parasite species. The results showed a statistically significant correlation between the location of pigs and parasitic infections and that some prevalent parasites are zoonotic. Interventions among pig farmers in Nyagatare should aim to improve awareness and to provide information on the negative impacts of swine gastrointestinal parasites on pig production and human health.

scholarly journals The Prevalence, Intensity and Risk Factors of Gastrointestinal Parasitic Infections in Outpatients in Bafoussam II, West Region, Cameroon

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-36
Author(s):  
Yannick Duclair Tchinde ◽  
Lem Edith Abongwa ◽  
Fotsing David ◽  
Ntonifor Helen Ngum
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Staining Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Concentration Technique ◽  
The Difference

Background: Gastrointestinal parasitic infections remain a public health problem in tropical and subtropical countries. This study aimed at assessing the prevalence and density of gastrointestinal parasites and to identify the risk factors of their transmission. Methodology: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out from June to October 2020, on outpatients visiting the Djeleng Sub divisional medical centre in Bafoussam II. All consenting participants provided a stool sample and completed an open-ended questionnaire. Stool samples were examined simultaneously as fresh wet mounts, formal-ether concentration technique and modified Zieihl Neelsen staining technique. Data was analysed using SPSS version 20.0. Results: Results obtained from this study revealed that the overall prevalence and mean intensity of parasite infection was 29.1% (94/323) and 1464±314 ppg respectively. Parasites recovered were: Entamoeba histolytica 54.26% (51/94), Trichomonas intestinalis 21.28% (20/94), Entamoeba coli 19.15% (18/94), Cryptosporidium spp 3.19% (3/94) and Trichuris trichiura 2.13% (2/94). Prevalence was slightly higher in males 31.76% (27/85) than females 28.15% (67/238) and the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.364). The prevalence was higher among individuals aged 21-30 years 35.22% (31/88). Most infected individuals resided in Djemoun 40.0%(4/10) and this prevalence was significant (p=0.025). Hair dressers harboured the highest rate of intestinal parasites 60.0% (6/10) and the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.235). Hand washing practices, washing of fruits, walking bare footed, toilet cleaning, screening of houses, pet possession, and frequency of nail trimming were not identified as risk factors associated with gastrointestinal parasitic transmission (p>0.05). Conclusion: Provision of health education, improving personal and communal hygiene, and community based deworming with addition of antiprotozoal drugs should be of major focus to prevent and control these infections.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Factors Affecting the Parasitic Infections in Calves at Selected Areas of Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
MR Karim ◽  
SMMR Sumon ◽  
SH Soad ◽  
SHMF Siddiki ◽  
AR Dey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Good Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fecal Examination ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Lugol’S Iodine ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasitism

Gastrointestinal parasitic infections are considered as one of the major impediments in profitable livestock farming in subtropical and tropical countries. The present study was carried out to investigate the prevalence of gastrointestinal (GI) parasites and to determine the effects of different factors in the occurrences of GI parasitic infections in calves. A cross-sectional study, including 413 fecal samples from calves, was conducted in Pabna, Sirajgonj and Gazipur districts of Bangladesh. The samples were examined using standard coprological techniques like sedimentation and floatation techniques, and lugol’s iodine and modified Ziehl-Neelson staining. The overall prevalence of gastrointestinal parasitism was 45.3% and commonly identified parasites were Toxocara spp. (20.3%), Strongyloides spp. (3.9%), Fasciola sp. (1.0%), Moniezia spp. (1.5%), Giardia sp. (10.4%) and Cryptosporidium spp. (7.0%). Among the factors, the age, sex and health status had significant effects on the GI parasitic infections in calves. Therefore, special care such as routine fecal examination for parasitism and proper deworming program should be taken to maintain good health and husbandry of calves for profitable livestock production. Ann. Bangladesh Agric. (2019) 23(2) : 1-13

scholarly journals Prevalence of single and mixed parasitic infections of dogs in Egbeda communities, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 25-34
Author(s):  
G.A. Ojo ◽  
T.A. Adekeye ◽  
H.O. Awobode
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Rhipicephalus Sanguineus ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Zoonotic Infections ◽  
Ctenocephalides Canis ◽  
Dog Owners

Dogs harbour a wide array of parasites and have been implicated in the transmission of zoonotic diseases to humans. In a community-based cross-sectional study, 292 dogs and 241 dog owners were examined for parasites in urban and rural communities of Egbeda Local Government Area, Oyo State, Nigeria. A questionnaire was used to obtain socio-demographic information of dog owners and identify possible risk factors. Ectoparasites were collected from dog fur and preserved in 70% alcohol before identification. Freshly passed stools from dogs and their owners were collected and examined for intestinal parasites by modified sucrose floatation technique. Ectoparasites were present on 199 (68.2%) dogs, while 239 (81.8%) had intestinal parasites. Six ectoparasite species identified were Ctenocephalides canis (5.5%), C. felis (39.7%), Rhipicephalus sanguineus (51.3%), Haemaphysalis leachii (48.9), Trichodectes canis (2.1%) and Linognathus spp (1.7%). Gastrointestinal parasites identified in dogs wereToxocara canis (55.8%), Ascaris spp (36%), Ancylostoma spp (40.1%), Trichuris spp (7.5%), Isospora spp (14.4%) and Toxascaris leonina (15.1%). Prevalence of gastrointestinal as well as ectoparasites were higher in rural communities with more mongrels infected compared to exotic breeds (p < 0.001). Ascaris lumbricoides, Ancyclostoma spp and Trichuris spp were identified in 99 (41.1%) of the dog owners. There was a significant relationship (r=0.36, p < 0.001) between the prevalence of infection in dogs and their owners. Most (75%) of the dog owners were aware only of the possibility of contracting rabies but not other zoonotic parasitic infections from their dogs. The high prevalence of gastrointestinal and ectoparasites of dogs in these communities suggests a very high risk of parasite transmission among dogs, their owners and other inhabitants of the community. The need for intervention programs including regular anti-parasitic treatment of dogs and health education which emphasizes the dangers of zoonotic infections in these communities is imperative. Keywords: Dog owners, Ectoparasites, Gastrointestinal parasites, Urban and Rural dogs, Zoonoses

Role of Sildenafil in the Treatment of Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of Newborn (PPHN) - Should it Be Withdrawn from Market of Bangladesh due to Threat of being Misuses

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-104
Author(s):  
Maksudur Rahman ◽  
Mohammad Abdullah Al Mamun ◽  
MAK Azad Chowdhury ◽  
Abu Sayeed Munsi
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cardiac Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cardiac Intensive Care ◽  
Hospital Protocol

Background: Recently it has been apprehended that sildenafil, a drug which has been successfully using in the treatment of PPHN and erectile dysfunction in adult, is going to be withdrawn from the market of Bangladesh due to threat of its misuses. Objective: The aim of this study was to see the extent of uses of sildenafil in the treatment of PPHN and importance of availability of this drugs in the market inspite of its probable misuses. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), special baby care unit (SCABU) and cardiac intensive care unit (CICU) of Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital from June, 2017 to May 2018. Neonates with PPHN were enrolled in the study. All cases were treated with oral sildenefil for PPHN along with others management according to hospital protocol. Data along with other parameters were collected and analyzed. Results: Total 320 patients with suspected PPHN were admitted during the study period. Among them 92 (29%) cases had PPHN. Male were 49(53 %) cases and female were 43(47%) cases. Mean age at hospital admission was 29.7±13.4 hours. Based on echocardiography,13(14%) cases had mild, 38 (41%) cases moderate and 41(45%) cases severe PPHN. Mean duration of sildenafil therapy was 11.9±7.1 days. Improved from PPHN were 83 (90%) cases. Mortality was 10% (9). Conclusion: In this study it was found that the incidence of PPHN is 29% among the suspected newborns. Sildenafil is successfull in improving the oxygenation of PPHN and to decrease the mortality of neonates. DS (Child) H J 2019; 35(2) : 100-104

Role of Fibrinolytic Therapy in Empyema Thoracis – A Hospital Based one year Cross Sectional Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-350
Author(s):  
Dr. Girish.L Dandagi ◽  
◽  
Venkat kalyana kumar. P ◽  
Dr. Dr.Isaac Mathew ◽  
Dr. Dr.G S Gaude Dr. Dr.G S Gaude
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fibrinolytic Therapy ◽  
Empyema Thoracis ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
One Year

Breastfeeding practices among mothers of infants in Peringara Panchayat in Pathanamthitta District

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aswathy S. ◽  
Lakshmi M. K.
Keyword(s):  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breastfeeding Practices ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Type Of Delivery ◽  
Initiation Of Breastfeeding

The study was aimed to assess the breastfeeding practices among mothers of infants in Peringara Gramapanchayat in Kerala. Study was a community based cross-sectional study among mothers of infants in Peringara gramapanchayat using a pretested questionnaire. 142 breastfeeding mothers of infants in Peringara gramapanchayat were studied and mothers who were not present at home during the study were excluded from the study. Study period consisted of 18 days between December 2015 and January 2016. Study variables includes type of delivery, initiation of breastfeeding, breastfeeding practices and role of ASHAs in promoting good breastfeeding practices. Statistical analysis was done using Pearson’s Chi-square test and T test. The study found that exclusive breastfeeding has been done by 68.3% of mothers. There is no practice of giving pre-lacteal feed, 95.8% of mothers have given colostrum to the new born. Statistically significant association was found between the type of delivery and time of initiation of breastfeeding (p less than 0.05). Time of initiation of breastfeeding was prolonged in case of Caesarean section. 49.3% of mothers have breastfed the baby within one hour. 55.6% of mothers were informed about importance of breastfeeding by ASHAs and only 20.4% of mothers were informed about period of exclusive breastfeeding and period of complimentary feeding by ASHAs.

scholarly journals Factors associated with emotional exhaustion in healthcare professionals involved in the COVID-19 pandemic: an application of the job demands-resources model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serena Barello ◽  
Rosario Caruso ◽  
Lorenzo Palamenghi ◽  
Tiziana Nania ◽  
Federica Dellafiore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Exhaustion ◽  
Patient Engagement ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Job Demands ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Personal Resources ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Purpose The purpose of the present cross-sectional study is to investigate the role of perceived COVID-19-related organizational demands and threats in predicting emotional exhaustion, and the role of organizational support in reducing the negative influence of perceived COVID-19 work-related stressors on burnout. Moreover, the present study aims to add to the understanding of the role of personal resources in the Job Demands-Resources model (JD-R) by examining whether personal resources—such as the professionals’ orientation towards patient engagement—may also strengthen the impact of job resources and mitigate the impact of job demands. Methods This cross-sectional study involved 532 healthcare professionals working during the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy. It adopted the Job-Demands-Resource Model to study the determinants of professional’s burnout. An integrative model describing how increasing job demands experienced by this specific population are related to burnout and in particular to emotional exhaustion symptoms was developed. Results The results of the logistic regression models provided strong support for the proposed model, as both Job Demands and Resources are significant predictors (OR = 2.359 and 0.563 respectively, with p < 0.001). Moreover, healthcare professionals’ orientation towards patient engagement appears as a significant moderator of this relationship, as it reduces Demands’ effect (OR = 1.188) and increases Resources’ effect (OR = 0.501). Conclusions These findings integrate previous findings on the JD-R Model and suggest the relevance of personal resources and of relational factors in affecting professionals’ experience of burnout.

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