scholarly journals Soil Properties Variability Under Various Agroecosystems In Ultisols Of Bengkulu

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
Priyono Prawito ◽  
Impetus Hasada Windu Sitorus ◽  
Zainal Muktamar ◽  
Bandi Hermawan ◽  
Welly Herman
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
The Other ◽  
Rubber Plantation ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Rubber Plantations ◽  
Similar Texture

Understanding the relation of agroecosystem types, ages, and soil properties are vital in maintaining good quality soil. This study aims to explore the variation of selected soil properties with agroecosystem types and ages. The research has been conducted in North Bengkulu, Indonesia. Soil properties on agroecosystems of 5-yr, 10-yr, 15-yr oil palm plantation, 5-yr, 10-yr, 15-yr rubber plantation, food cropland, and scrubland were evaluated. The study found that soil in oil palm and rubber plantations of any age have a similar texture, bulk density (BD), and actual soil moisture (ASM). All plantation agroecosystems and scrubland have higher clay and lower silt content than that in food cropland. In addition, the scrubland has the highest ASM content among the agroecosystems. On the other hand, both agroecosystems enhances soil chemical properties than food cropland and scrubland as indicated by the improvement of organic-C, total-N, available P, exchangeable K and CEC of Ultisols. Older plantation also provides higher soil chemical improvement than younger one. This finding is significant for management of sub optimal soil mainly Ultisols for oil palm and rubber plantation.

Spatial and temporal variability in chemical properties of a podzolic B horizon of an old-growth maple forest

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Godbout ◽  
Jean-Louis Brown
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Exchangeable Ca ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Soil Changes

A Podzolic soil from an old-growth maple hardwood forest in eastern Canada was systematically sampled from a 16.5-m-long trench in 1975. In 1986, the upper 10 cm of the B horizon was resampled from two sampling lines located on each side and parallel to the 1975 trench, one at a distance of 1 m downhill and the other at a distance of 4 m uphill. Total N, organic C, pH, and exchangeable Ca, Mg and K were measured. The objectives were to evaluate the change in the chemical status of the B horizon from 1975 to 1986 and to characterize the spatial variability of the horizon. No significant change was found in the soil chemical properties tested during this 11-yr period. No significant autocorrelation was observed between soil samples 60 cm apart, except for the downhill sampling line, which was located 1 m from the trench. For most properties, the magnitude of the difference between two soil sampling units was not proportional to the distance separating them over the range of 0.6–4.2 m. Except for pH, a difference in soil properties of more than 30% was observed in 37–56% of sample pairs 60 cm apart. Resampling near (1 m) an old soil pit may not be valid because of possible local modifications of soil properties created by the pit, even when it is filled in. Key words: Podzol, soil variability, acidic deposition, soil changes

scholarly journals The earthworm’s diversity and their relationship to the soil physicochemical properties under the stands of perennial plant at the Mount Merapi forest, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Minarsih ◽  
Eko - Hanudin ◽  
Makruf Nurudin
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Acacia Mangium ◽  
Base Cations ◽  
Active Volcano ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Perennial Plant

Abstract. Minarsih S, Hanudin E, Nurudin M. 2021. The earthworm’s diversity and their relationship to the soil physicochemical properties under the stands of perennial plant at the Mount Merapi forest, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3237-3244. The study was to propose earthworm as bioindicator and its correlation to the soil physicochemical properties underneath some perennial plants. Soil samples and earthworm observation was taken out at a depth of 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm under the stands of Acacia decurrens, coffee, Albizia chinensis, bamboo, snake fruit, and Acacia mangium. Soil moisture, temperature and Physico-chemical properties were measured, such as texture, pH, organic C, mineralized C, total N, mineralized N, available P, and base cations (Ca, Mg, K, Na). The results revealed that the earthworms density underneath of the stands of coffee was 105.4 ind.m-2 > snake fruit 92.6 ind.m-2 > Albizia chinensis  66.7 ind.m-2 > A. decurrens ? bamboo 40.7 ind.m-2 > A. mangium 37.0 ind.m-2. The dominant species of the earthworms found at a depth of 0-10 cm consisted of four species, namely: Pheretima hamayana, Pheretima californica, Eudrillus eugeniae, and Eiseniella tetraeda. Meanwhile, the earthworms diversity underneath the stands of coffee was H’=1.26 > A. mangium H’=1.03 > Albizia chinensis  H'=0.69 > ?H'=0.69 > bamboo H'=0.59. The soil physicochemical properties was positively correlated to the earthworms density was C-mineralized (r = 0.823) ? soil moisture (r = 0.585) ? available K (r = 0.529) ? available Ca (r = 0.505) ? available Mg (0.494). The results could be concluded that labile organic carbon, water, and alkaline cations were the important factors in improving soil biological fertility in the active volcano area.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Physicochemical Properties of Sandy-Textured Soils under Smallholder Agricultural Land Use Practices in Sarawak, East Malaysia

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Soo Ying Ho ◽  
Mohd Effendi Bin Wasli ◽  
Mugunthan Perumal
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Nutrient Contents

A study was conducted in the Sabal area, Sarawak, to evaluate the physicochemical properties of sandy-textured soils under smallholder agricultural land uses. Study sites were established under rubber, oil palm, and pepper land uses, in comparison to the adjacent secondary forests. The sandy-textured soils underlain in all agricultural land uses are of Spodosols, based on USDA Soil Taxonomy. The soil properties under secondary forests were strongly acidic with poor nutrient contents. Despite higher bulk density in oil palm farmlands, soil properties in rubber and oil palm land uses showed little variation to those in secondary forests. Conversely, soils under pepper land uses were less acidic with higher nutrient contents at the surface layer, especially P. In addition, soils in the pepper land uses were more compact due to human trampling effects from regular farm works at a localized area. Positive correlations were observed between soil total C and soil total N, soil exchangeable K, soil sum of bases, and soil effective CEC, suggesting that soil total C is the determinant of soil fertility under the agricultural land uses. Meanwhile, insufficient K input in oil palm land uses was observed from the partial nutrient balances estimation. In contrast, P and K did not remain in the soils under pepper land use, although the fertilizers application by the farmers was beyond the crop uptake and removal (harvesting). Because of the siliceous sandy nature (low clay contents) of Spodosols, they are poor in nutrient retention capacity. Hence, maintaining ample supply of organic C is crucial to sustain the productivity and fertility of sandy-textured soils, especially when the litterfall layers covering the E horizon were removed for oil palm and pepper cultivation.

scholarly journals Recovery of Forest Soil Chemical Properties Following Soil Rehabilitation Treatments

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megdad Jourgholami ◽  
Somayeh Khajavi ◽  
Eric R. Labelle
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Control Area ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Water Diversion ◽  
Available P ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Available Nutrients ◽  
Diversion Structure

Several rehabilitation treatments have been applied to mitigate runoff and sediment in machine trafficked areas following logging operations, while the knowledge on the consequence of these remediation techniques on the recovery of soil properties remains scarce. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of different rehabilitation treatments including sawdust mulch (SM), water diversion structure (WDS), untreated/bare trail (U), and undisturbed or control area (UND) on the recovery of soil chemical properties over a six-year period after machine-induced compaction occurred on three longitudinal trail gradients (10, 20, and 30 %).In each treatment, the following soil properties were measured: litter thickness, pH, EC, soil organic C, total N, and available P, K, Ca, and Mg. Five sampling plots (with 10 m length and 4 m width) were positioned in each trail gradient classes and three of these plots were randomly considered for soil sampling.The results demonstrate that litter thickness differed among the three treatments, with the highest amount present on the UND area and lowest on the U treatment. Meanwhile, the highest pH (6.75), EC (0.21 Ds m−1), N (0.27 %), available P (14.61 mg kg−1), available K (123.5 mg kg−1), available Ca (135.1 mg kg−1), and available Mg (42.1 mg kg−1) and the lowest C (1.21 %) and C/N ratio (7.83 %) were found on the SM with gradient of 10 % compared to other gradient classes on SM, WDS and, U treatments. The recovery value of litter depth, pH, EC, C, N, C/N ratio, and available nutrients (P, K, Ca, and Mg) were higher on the SM than the WDS at the gradient of 10 %, while significantly higher levels of these variables were measured under WDS installed on trail gradients of 30 % and 20 % when compared with the same gradients on SM. Results of the study revealed that soil chemical properties showed some evidence of recovery following SM and WDS rehabilitation treatments compared to U, although these properties did not fully recover within 6 years as compared to UND area.

scholarly journals Quality Improvement of Compost from Empty Oil Palm Fruit Bunch by the Addition of Boiler Ash and its effect on Chemical Properties of Ultisols and the Production of Mustard (Brassica juncea L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-169
Author(s):  
Sri Mulyani ◽  
Dyah Tjahyandari Suryaningtyas ◽  
. Suwardi ◽  
. Suwarno
Keyword(s):  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Palm Fruit ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Dose Levels ◽  
Boiler Ash

Productions of crude palm oil (CPO) produce waste which include the empty oil palm fruit bunch (EOPFB), palm oil mill effluent, shells, and fiber. The combustions of shell and fiber as boiler feed produce waste in the form of boiler ash. Boiler ash is very potential to use as an additive to improve quality of the EOPFB compost. The objectives of this research were to study : 1) effect of boiler ash on the quality of the EOPFB compost, 2) effect of  EOPFB compost on the chemical properties of Ultisol, and the yield of mustard. The first experiment was about quality improvement of compost from EOPFB by the addition of boiler ash. The treatments applied were four dose levels of boiler ash: K1= 0%, K2 = 15%, K3 = 25%, and K4 = 35%. The second experiment was greenhouse pot experiment. This experiment was consisted of thirteen treatments with three replications arranged in completely randomized design (CRD). The treatments applied were: four types of compost from the first experimental results aplied to the soil with four dose levels, i.e : 0, 10, 20 and 30 Mg ha-1. The results showed that the addition of boiler ash at the beginning of the composting process improved the quality of  the EOPFB compost: which increased pH, amount of humic acids, macro and micro nutrients content and decreased content of Pb. The aplication of all compost –K1, K2, K3, K4– to Ultisol increased pH H2O, P2O5, organic-C, total-N, exchangeable-Ca, exchangeable-K and yield of mustard and decreased  exchangeable-H, exchangeable-Al. Moreover the yield of mustard was increased about 84% (33.9 g plant-1) with K4 at doses 20 Mg ha-1 and 85% (34.1 g plant-1) with K3 at doses 10 Mg ha-1.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Kompos Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit dan Larutan Mikroorganisme Lokal Eceng Gondok terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Kedelai(Glycine max L. Merill)pada Tanah Pasca Tambang

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Aulya Rochimah ◽  
Ansyahari Ansyahari ◽  
Roro Kesumaningwati
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The research was conducted to determine: 1) some chemical properties of oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) compost withbio-activator of water hyacinth local microorganism solution; 2) the best dose of local microorganism solution and compost of empty fruit bunches on the growth of soybean.The research was conducted from April until November 2016 in the Laboratory of Soil,Faculty of Agriculture,Mulawarman University,Samarinda.The experiment wasarranged in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments and fivetime replications. The treatment was dose of compost,consisted of: 0 (control);200;400;600;and 800 g per polybag. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance (Anova) with F-test and if there was significantly different among treatments, continued withleast significant difference (LSD) test of 5%. Results of the chemical properties analysis of oil palm empty fruit bunchescompost with 300 mL local microorganism solution L-1as follows: pH 9.10; Organic-C 35.32%; total-N 1.34%; C/N ratio 26.36%; P2O5 0.08%; and K2O 1.88%.The dose of 800 g compost per polybag is the best dose of compost to the plant height at 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 days after planting respectively 14.00; 18.32; 21.52; 24.54; and 27.36 cm, number of pods 8.80,and dry seed weight of soybean 1.99 g.

scholarly journals Changes in Soil Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Carbon Stocks in a Forest Ecosystem at Different Successional Stages in Leyte, Philippines

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-53
Author(s):  
Anane Sereñina ◽  
◽  
Suzette Lina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Forest Succession ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Lower Bulk Density ◽  
Soc Stocks

Forests play a vital role in the global carbon cycle since these are sources and sinks of carbon. This study was conducted to evaluate the changes in soil carbon stocks and some essential nutrients of different succession stages in two different soil types in Leyte Province. A space-fortime substitution approach was done in this study. Measurements of the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the soils were done following standard methods. The sites were characterized as Ultisol (Site 1 – Baybay, Leyte) and Andisol (Site 2 – Ormoc City). Results showed no significant differences among all the soil properties in the different forest succession stages in each site. However, variation in soil properties between sites was clearly observed. Site 2 had higher soil porosity and water holding capacity, but had lower bulk density than Site 1. Soils in Site 2 were more acidic, had higher total organic carbon, total N, and CEC but had pot, lower exchangeable bases and CEC than in Site 1. Both sites had low eff available P. The C:N ratios in all forest successions were significantly lower in Site 1 than in Site 2. This conforms to the results of substrate-induced respiration, where Site 1 was more active in CO evolution than Site 2. 2 Moreover, the soils in Site 2 significantly contained more SOC stocks (108- -1 -1 180 Mg C ha ) than in Site 1 (49-76 Mg C ha ). However, SOC stocks did not vary significantly in both sites. This result implies that the determination of soil physico-chemical properties is important in evaluating the changes of C:N ratios as well as of SOC stocks. In this study, Andisols had higher potential in storing organic C than Ultisols.

scholarly journals PEMETAAN BEBERAPA CIRI KIMIA TANAH DI NAGARI SITIUNG KECAMATAN SITIUNG KABUPATEN DHARMASRAYA

Jurnal Solum ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Gunadi Gunadi ◽  
Juniarti Juniarti ◽  
Gusnidar Gusnidar
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Spatial Data Analysis ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C

Sitiung located in Dharmasraya, West Sumatera has 5804.3 haarea which was dominated by smallholder agriculture. The soil chemical properties in Sitiung village were often analysed by some scientists, but there was no map yet provided for the soil properties information. The purpose of the study was to determineand tocreate mapofsomesoil chemical characteristics in Sitiung Village, Sitiung District, Dharmasraya Regency. The study was conducted using a survey method, as well as spatial data analysis model. Soil sampling were taken in purposive random sampling under several land units (LU), the land units (LU) were limited by soil order, slopes, and land use. LU 1: Ultisols, flat, mixed garden; LU 2: Ultisols, flat, rice; LU 3: Entisols, flat, rice; LU 4: Entisols, flat, mixed garden; LU 5: Entisols, mild, shrubs; LU 6: Oxisols, mild, shrubs; LU 7: Entisols, mild, oil palm; LU 8: Entisols, flat, oil palm; LU 9: Oxisols, mild, oil palm; LU 10: Oxisols, flat, oil palm; LU 11: Ultisols, mild, oil palm; LU 12: Oxisols, steep, oil palm. Parameters analysed were pH, Al-exchangable, organic-C, total-N, P-available, CEC, and base saturation. The spatial data analysis and data processing were used to transform soil analysis results into a thematic soil map.The result showed that the highest pH value was 5.76 (slightly acid) found in LU 3, and the lowest pH value was 4.37 (highly acid) in LU 10. The highest Al-exchangable was 9.72 cmol/kg in LU 6, while the lowest value was 0.92 cmol/kg in LU3. Furthermore, the highest value oforganic-C was 3.12 % (high) in LU 2, and the lowest was 1.78 % (low) in the LU 6. The total-N content wasmedium. The highest content of P-available was 14.7 ppmin LU 10, and the lowest was 7.93 ppm (low) in the LU 4. The highest CEC was 12.74 cmol/kg (low) and the lowest was 4.70 cmol/kg (very low) in LU 7. The basic cation content was found to be low to moderate.Keyword: Land Unit, Sitiung Village, Soil chemical properties, Thematic soil map

scholarly journals Maize Production and Soil Properties Change in Alley Cropping System at Different Nitrogen Levels

2010 ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
Md Abiar Rahman ◽  
Md Giashuddin Miah ◽  
Hisashi Yahata
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Alley Cropping ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Similar Amount ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Nitrogen Levels

Productivity of maize and soil properties change under alley cropping system consisting of four woody species (Gliricidia sepium, Leucaena leucocephala, Cajanus cajan and Senna siamea) at different nitrogen levels (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% of recommended rate) were studied in the floodplain ecosystem of Bangladesh. Comparative growth performance of four woody species after pruning showed that L. leucocephala attained the highest height, while C. cajan produced the maximum number of branches. Higher and almost similar amount of pruned materials (PM) were obtained from S. siamea, G. sepium and C. cajan species. In general, maize yield increased with the increase in N level irrespective of added PM. However, 100% N plus PM, 75% N plus PM and 100% N without PM (control) produced similar yields. The grain yield of maize obtained from G. sepium alley was 2.82, 4.13 and 5.81% higher over those of L. leucocephala, C. cajan and S. siamea, respectively. Across the alley, only one row of maize in the vicinity of the woody species was affected significantly. There was an increasing trend in soil properties in terms of organic C, total N and CEC in alley cropping treatments especially in G. sepium and L. leucocephala alleys compared to the initial and control soils. Therefore, one fourth chemical N fertilizer can be saved without significant yield loss in maize production in alley cropping system.

scholarly journals Diagnostics of boron deficiency for plants in reference to boron concentration in the soil solution  

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 372-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Szulc ◽  
B. Rutkowska
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Solution ◽  
Boron Concentration ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Boron Deficiency ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Nutritional Needs ◽  
Cultivated Soils

The determination of a range of boron concentration in the soil solution, evaluation of the effect of physico-chemical soil properties on boron concentration in the soil solution as well verification whether boron quantity in the soil solution is sufficient for nutritional needs of selected plants cultivated in Poland were comprised. Average boron concentration in the soil solution of Poland&rsquo;s cultivated soils ranges from 0.59 to 5.07 &micro;mol/L and is differentiated by physico-chemical properties of soil. Taking into account decreasing effects of soil properties on the increase of boron concentration in the soil solution, the soil properties can be arranged as follows: organic C &gt;<br />soil abundance in available boron &gt; soil texture &gt; soil pH. The minimum boron quantity observed in the soil solution of Poland&rsquo;s cultivated soils was not sufficient to fulfil nutritional needs of the plants. The maximum boron quantity observed secured nutritional needs of cereals and potatoes but not those of rape plants and sugar beets. Based on the study it can be concluded that the measurement of the concentration of boron in the soil solution can be used in the diagnosis of deficiency of this element for crops.

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