scholarly journals Quality Improvement of Compost from Empty Oil Palm Fruit Bunch by the Addition of Boiler Ash and its effect on Chemical Properties of Ultisols and the Production of Mustard (Brassica juncea L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-169
Author(s):  
Sri Mulyani ◽  
Dyah Tjahyandari Suryaningtyas ◽  
. Suwardi ◽  
. Suwarno
Keyword(s):  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Palm Fruit ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Dose Levels ◽  
Boiler Ash

Productions of crude palm oil (CPO) produce waste which include the empty oil palm fruit bunch (EOPFB), palm oil mill effluent, shells, and fiber. The combustions of shell and fiber as boiler feed produce waste in the form of boiler ash. Boiler ash is very potential to use as an additive to improve quality of the EOPFB compost. The objectives of this research were to study : 1) effect of boiler ash on the quality of the EOPFB compost, 2) effect of  EOPFB compost on the chemical properties of Ultisol, and the yield of mustard. The first experiment was about quality improvement of compost from EOPFB by the addition of boiler ash. The treatments applied were four dose levels of boiler ash: K1= 0%, K2 = 15%, K3 = 25%, and K4 = 35%. The second experiment was greenhouse pot experiment. This experiment was consisted of thirteen treatments with three replications arranged in completely randomized design (CRD). The treatments applied were: four types of compost from the first experimental results aplied to the soil with four dose levels, i.e : 0, 10, 20 and 30 Mg ha-1. The results showed that the addition of boiler ash at the beginning of the composting process improved the quality of  the EOPFB compost: which increased pH, amount of humic acids, macro and micro nutrients content and decreased content of Pb. The aplication of all compost –K1, K2, K3, K4– to Ultisol increased pH H2O, P2O5, organic-C, total-N, exchangeable-Ca, exchangeable-K and yield of mustard and decreased  exchangeable-H, exchangeable-Al. Moreover the yield of mustard was increased about 84% (33.9 g plant-1) with K4 at doses 20 Mg ha-1 and 85% (34.1 g plant-1) with K3 at doses 10 Mg ha-1.

scholarly journals Pemanfaatan Limbah Cair Pabrik Kelapa Sawit Sebagai Bioaktivator Untuk Pengomposan Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Zainudin Zainudin ◽  
Abdul Rofik
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
A Value

Palm oil is an export commodity of the plantation sector which began to develop rapidly in East Kalimantan with an area until 2017 reaching 1,192,342 Ha consisting of 284,523 Ha as plasma / smallholder plants, 14,402 Ha owned by SOEs as the core and 893,417 Ha owned by Large Private Plantation.Empty bunches (Tankos) are solid waste that is produced by palm oil mills in the process of managing palm fruit bunches into crude palm oil (CPO). In each processing 1 ton of fruit bunches will produce Tankos as much as 21-23%. Oil palm empty fruit bunches that are not managed properly will become waste that does not provide benefits. Compost technology using a local microorganism starter (MOL) can be used to produce quality organic fertilizer considering the process involves decomposing bacteria of organic ingredients. Compost technology from tankos waste is very possible to be developed, both at the level of farmers and private oil palm companies. This study aim to determine the potential of palm oil mill effluent (POME) as an bioactivator for composting oil palm empty fruit bunches, and to determine the chemical quality of oil palm empty fruit bunch compost with MOL bioactivator liquid waste as organic fertilizer. Through this research, it is expected that the palm oil mill's liquid waste can be utilized as a bioactivator for compost production and can be applied to the production of oil palm empty fruit bunch compost.This research was conducted for one year. The stages of the research are as follows: 1. Chemical analysis of POME waste, 2. Making LM POME, 3. Chemical analysis of LM POME, and 4. Making EFB Compost, and Chemical Analysis of oil palm empty fruit bunch compost. Compost making using randomized block design (RBD) with 5 treatments and 4 replications include: P0 = 0 ml / liter of water, P1 = 100 ml / liter of water, P2 = 300 ml / liter of water, P3 = 600 ml / liter of water, P4 = 900 ml / liter of water.The analysis showed that there was an increase in the chemical properties of POME after becoming an LM POME activator. Increased chemical properties such as phosphorus from 0.01 to 0.02, potassium from 0.19 to 0.27, and organic carbon from 0.90 to 1.30, but some chemical properties such as pH decreased from 7.20 to 3, 37 and nitrogen decreased from 0.37 to 0.05. The EFB compost analysis results showed that the highest pH was p2 with a value of 8.23, the highest organic C at p4 treatment with a value of 57.65, the highest total N at p3 with a value of 1.80, P2O5 the highest total at p3 with a value of 0.64, and the highest total K2O at p4 with a value of 2.68. 

scholarly journals Soil Properties Variability Under Various Agroecosystems In Ultisols Of Bengkulu

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
Priyono Prawito ◽  
Impetus Hasada Windu Sitorus ◽  
Zainal Muktamar ◽  
Bandi Hermawan ◽  
Welly Herman
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
The Other ◽  
Rubber Plantation ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Rubber Plantations ◽  
Similar Texture

Understanding the relation of agroecosystem types, ages, and soil properties are vital in maintaining good quality soil. This study aims to explore the variation of selected soil properties with agroecosystem types and ages. The research has been conducted in North Bengkulu, Indonesia. Soil properties on agroecosystems of 5-yr, 10-yr, 15-yr oil palm plantation, 5-yr, 10-yr, 15-yr rubber plantation, food cropland, and scrubland were evaluated. The study found that soil in oil palm and rubber plantations of any age have a similar texture, bulk density (BD), and actual soil moisture (ASM). All plantation agroecosystems and scrubland have higher clay and lower silt content than that in food cropland. In addition, the scrubland has the highest ASM content among the agroecosystems. On the other hand, both agroecosystems enhances soil chemical properties than food cropland and scrubland as indicated by the improvement of organic-C, total-N, available P, exchangeable K and CEC of Ultisols. Older plantation also provides higher soil chemical improvement than younger one. This finding is significant for management of sub optimal soil mainly Ultisols for oil palm and rubber plantation.

scholarly journals Perbandingan Sifat Kimia pada Tanah Hutan dan Kebun Kelapa Sawit (Elaies guineensis jacq) di Kecamatan Beutong Kabupaten Nagan Raya

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 434-445
Author(s):  
Ade Baihaki ◽  
Zuraida Zuraida ◽  
Ilyas Ilyas
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Forest Land ◽  
N Content ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Management And Conservation ◽  
Total P

Abstrak.  Tanaman kelapa sawit memerlukan lahan yang cukup luas untuk dapat menghasilkan jumlah produksi yang tinggi. Hal ini berdampak terhadap pembukaan lahan hutan di beberapa daerah di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan sifat kimia pada tanah tersebut sehingga dapat dijadikan acuan dalam pengelolaan maupun usaha-usaha konservasinya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian pada lahan hutan dan kebun kelapa sawit yang berjenis tanah Ultisol terdapat perbedaan nyata kandungan bahan kimia yang diamati yaitu pH, C-organik, P-total, Al-dd, Fe, dan KB, dan tidak ada perbedaan nyata terhadap kandungan N-total, P-tersedia, K-dd, dan KTK. Comparison of Chemical Properties in Forest Land and Palm Oil Gardens (Elaies guineensis jacq) in Beutong Sub-District Nagan Raya RegencyAbstract. Palm oil plants require large enough land to produce high amounts of production. This has an impact on clearing forest land in several regions in Indonesia. This study aims to determine the comparison of the chemical properties of the soil so that it can be used as a reference in the management and conservation efforts. Based on the results of research on forest land and oil palm plantations which are of the type of Ultisol soil there are significant differences in the content of chemicals observed, namely pH, organic C, P-total, Al-dd, Fe, and KB, and there is no significant difference in N content -total, P-available, K-dd, and CEC. 

Sterilization of Oil Palm Fruits by Microwave Heating for Replacing Steam Treatment in Palm Oil Mill Process

2014 ◽  
Vol 1025-1026 ◽  
pp. 470-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rayakorn Nokkaew ◽  
Vittaya Punsuvon
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Heating ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Steam Treatment ◽  
Palm Fruit ◽  
Palm Oil Mill ◽  
Palm Fruits ◽  
Mill Process

This research studies on the effects of microwave heating of oil palm fruits for the sterilization. The conventional uses steam heating for sterilization of oil palm fruit brunches. The sterilization is requires as a pretreatment to deactivate enzymes that increase the free fatty acid content (FFA) before oil extraction. The conventional treatment of sterilization produces the large amount of waste water from the palm oil mill process. So, microwave heating is used in this research for solving this problem and improving of crude palm oil quality. In experiment, the oil palm fruits were heated for 1-5 min after that oil was extracted by solvent extraction. Oil content (OC), Moisture content (MC), Deterioration Of Bleachability Index (DOBI), carotene content (CC) and FFA were investigated. The optimum condition was 850W for 2 min of heating time. The chemical properties were 84.14% of OC, 8.49% of MC in mesocarp, 2.36 of DOBI, 882.55 ppm of CC and 3.40% of FFA. Fronm the results of chemical properties indicated that microwave heating is good technique for sterilization of palm oil fruits when compared with steam treatment.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Kompos Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit dan Larutan Mikroorganisme Lokal Eceng Gondok terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Kedelai(Glycine max L. Merill)pada Tanah Pasca Tambang

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Aulya Rochimah ◽  
Ansyahari Ansyahari ◽  
Roro Kesumaningwati
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The research was conducted to determine: 1) some chemical properties of oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) compost withbio-activator of water hyacinth local microorganism solution; 2) the best dose of local microorganism solution and compost of empty fruit bunches on the growth of soybean.The research was conducted from April until November 2016 in the Laboratory of Soil,Faculty of Agriculture,Mulawarman University,Samarinda.The experiment wasarranged in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments and fivetime replications. The treatment was dose of compost,consisted of: 0 (control);200;400;600;and 800 g per polybag. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance (Anova) with F-test and if there was significantly different among treatments, continued withleast significant difference (LSD) test of 5%. Results of the chemical properties analysis of oil palm empty fruit bunchescompost with 300 mL local microorganism solution L-1as follows: pH 9.10; Organic-C 35.32%; total-N 1.34%; C/N ratio 26.36%; P2O5 0.08%; and K2O 1.88%.The dose of 800 g compost per polybag is the best dose of compost to the plant height at 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 days after planting respectively 14.00; 18.32; 21.52; 24.54; and 27.36 cm, number of pods 8.80,and dry seed weight of soybean 1.99 g.

scholarly journals STUDI AWAL GRADING BUAH SAWIT DENGAN BANTUAN INJEKSI TEGANGAN LISTRIK SEARAH

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Andri Saputra ◽  
Wahyu Candra ◽  
Yan Soerbakti ◽  
Romi Fadli Syahputra ◽  
Defrianto Defrianto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Applied Voltage ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Palm Fruit ◽  
Voltage Change ◽  
Fruit Maturity ◽  
Dry Out ◽  
The Impact

Maturity progress of palm fruit is greatly depending on the availability of nutrients and environments. Determining maturity level of palm fruit is important to evaluate the quality of palm oil fruits. The younger or too mature fruits will produce poor quality of crude palm oil (CPO). An appropriate devices are needed that can measure the level of fruit maturity so that uniformity of maturity grade can be carried out to obtain high quality CPO. This research provides a preliminary study of voltage change on the surface of oil palm seeds which subjected by electric potential. The low directional voltage (DC) injection treatment, ~ 10V, was applied to investigate the impact of applied voltage on palm oil seeds with three different levels of maturity, i.e. immature (young), ripe and over ripe . The results shown that oil palm fruit quite quickly responds to injection of DC applied voltage with different responding voltage. This responding voltage tends to increase with increasing maturity levels, but decreases for over ripe fruit which has falling down and starting to dry out. 

scholarly journals PEMETAAN BEBERAPA CIRI KIMIA TANAH DI NAGARI SITIUNG KECAMATAN SITIUNG KABUPATEN DHARMASRAYA

Jurnal Solum ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Gunadi Gunadi ◽  
Juniarti Juniarti ◽  
Gusnidar Gusnidar
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Spatial Data Analysis ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C

Sitiung located in Dharmasraya, West Sumatera has 5804.3 haarea which was dominated by smallholder agriculture. The soil chemical properties in Sitiung village were often analysed by some scientists, but there was no map yet provided for the soil properties information. The purpose of the study was to determineand tocreate mapofsomesoil chemical characteristics in Sitiung Village, Sitiung District, Dharmasraya Regency. The study was conducted using a survey method, as well as spatial data analysis model. Soil sampling were taken in purposive random sampling under several land units (LU), the land units (LU) were limited by soil order, slopes, and land use. LU 1: Ultisols, flat, mixed garden; LU 2: Ultisols, flat, rice; LU 3: Entisols, flat, rice; LU 4: Entisols, flat, mixed garden; LU 5: Entisols, mild, shrubs; LU 6: Oxisols, mild, shrubs; LU 7: Entisols, mild, oil palm; LU 8: Entisols, flat, oil palm; LU 9: Oxisols, mild, oil palm; LU 10: Oxisols, flat, oil palm; LU 11: Ultisols, mild, oil palm; LU 12: Oxisols, steep, oil palm. Parameters analysed were pH, Al-exchangable, organic-C, total-N, P-available, CEC, and base saturation. The spatial data analysis and data processing were used to transform soil analysis results into a thematic soil map.The result showed that the highest pH value was 5.76 (slightly acid) found in LU 3, and the lowest pH value was 4.37 (highly acid) in LU 10. The highest Al-exchangable was 9.72 cmol/kg in LU 6, while the lowest value was 0.92 cmol/kg in LU3. Furthermore, the highest value oforganic-C was 3.12 % (high) in LU 2, and the lowest was 1.78 % (low) in the LU 6. The total-N content wasmedium. The highest content of P-available was 14.7 ppmin LU 10, and the lowest was 7.93 ppm (low) in the LU 4. The highest CEC was 12.74 cmol/kg (low) and the lowest was 4.70 cmol/kg (very low) in LU 7. The basic cation content was found to be low to moderate.Keyword: Land Unit, Sitiung Village, Soil chemical properties, Thematic soil map

scholarly journals Engineering Process Of Deodorization To Improve Product Quality Of Red Palm Oil With Rich Of Carotene

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
Mursalin Mursalin
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Absolute Temperature ◽  
Odor Intensity ◽  
Process Duration ◽  
Red Palm Oil ◽  
Physico Chemical

Efforts to develop the production technology of high quality red palm-oil (RPO) in order to provide source of food ingredient that naturally rich of nutrients, become urgents regarding the need of such products drastically increased recently. Application of deodorization technology by temperature, time, and deodorizer pressure combinations (engineering of deodorization process) are studied and evaluated to obtain good quality of RPO. Crude palm oil (CPO) used in this research were supplied by PT. Salim Ivomas (Bimoli) Jakarta. The equipments used were degumming and neutralization unit, deodorization unit and other equipment units to analize the oil physico-chemical properties. The research consisted of 5 stages as the following: characterising CPO physico-chemical properties, conducting chemically degumming and deacidification, process enginering of deodorization, characterizing of physico-chemical properties and organoleptic of RPO resulted, and analyzing data for product resulted from process engineering applied. Deodorization with the range of temperature and process duration of 135–145 oC (408–418 K) and 1–4 hours have led to carotene retention decreasing (%) following the equation “Carotene Retention (%) = -764 x ln(absolute temperature) + 4693” and process duration with the equation “Carotene Retention (%) = -7.81 x ln(process duration) + 91.02”; and also resulted odor intensity with the equation “Odor Intensity = 0.08 x (squared absolute temperature) – 66.88 x (absolute temperature) + 13823” and duration process with the equation “Odor Intensity = 0.315 x (squared process duration) – 1.52 x (process duration) + 5.268”. Effective deodorization to produce RPO with the content of free fatty acid and peroxide value that met the requirements of Indonesian National Standard (SNI) quality of carotene content above 400 ppm and odor scale below 3.3, were the combination of temperature (T) of 141.34 oC, heat process duration (t) of 2.35 hours and vacuum pressure of (P) of 20 mmHg. The resulted RPO contained free fatty acid and peroxide value of 0.11% dan 0.12 meq/kg oil respectively, total carotene of 444.09 ppm and odor value of 3.21  

scholarly journals SUSTAINABILITY OF OIL PALM CULTIVATION TOWARDS MSPO CERTIFICATION AMONGST OIL PALM SMALLHOLDERS IN LAHAD DATU, SABAH

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (22) ◽  
pp. 65-78
Author(s):  
Azra Nuhairi Abdul Aziz ◽  
Nur Anira Alfitri ◽  
Nurainsah Sepeai ◽  
Nurul Fadilah Mohd. Nawi ◽  
A.C. Er
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Strategic Measures ◽  
Awareness Programs ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Efficiency And Productivity ◽  
Innovative Concept

This study aims to study the sustainability of oil palm cultivation among smallholders in Lahad Datu on The Malaysian Sustainable Palm Oil (MSPO) Certification. A total of 300 oil palm smallholders in Lahad Datu, Sabah were interviewed using a set of questionnaires. The results of the analysis of this study show that oil palm smallholders have awareness of MSPO certification. Although they are aware of the need to have MSPO certification, they do not have such certification. Awareness of having MSPO certification can improve the quality of the environment while being able to increase the production efficiency and productivity of their oil palm plants. However, the management of the plantation by the Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB) which is often undergoing changes and many application forms that need to be filled is the main reason why the oil palm smallholders do not get the MSPO certification. Strategic measures and awareness programs related to the importance of MSPO certification and related to oil palm cultivation need to be planned more widely by MPOB, in addition to introducing certification applications with a user-friendly, systematic, and innovative concept to attract more oil palm smallholders to obtain MSPO certification in line with the government’s efforts to optimize high-quality palm oil production in the future.

Spatial and temporal variability in chemical properties of a podzolic B horizon of an old-growth maple forest

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Godbout ◽  
Jean-Louis Brown
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Exchangeable Ca ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Soil Changes

A Podzolic soil from an old-growth maple hardwood forest in eastern Canada was systematically sampled from a 16.5-m-long trench in 1975. In 1986, the upper 10 cm of the B horizon was resampled from two sampling lines located on each side and parallel to the 1975 trench, one at a distance of 1 m downhill and the other at a distance of 4 m uphill. Total N, organic C, pH, and exchangeable Ca, Mg and K were measured. The objectives were to evaluate the change in the chemical status of the B horizon from 1975 to 1986 and to characterize the spatial variability of the horizon. No significant change was found in the soil chemical properties tested during this 11-yr period. No significant autocorrelation was observed between soil samples 60 cm apart, except for the downhill sampling line, which was located 1 m from the trench. For most properties, the magnitude of the difference between two soil sampling units was not proportional to the distance separating them over the range of 0.6–4.2 m. Except for pH, a difference in soil properties of more than 30% was observed in 37–56% of sample pairs 60 cm apart. Resampling near (1 m) an old soil pit may not be valid because of possible local modifications of soil properties created by the pit, even when it is filled in. Key words: Podzol, soil variability, acidic deposition, soil changes

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