scholarly journals CLINICAL FEATURES OF SEVERE COVID-19 WITH LETHAL OUTCOME IN VOLYN REGION RESIDENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-24
Author(s):  
O. K. Yakovenko ◽  
O. G. Khanin ◽  
V. V. Lotysh ◽  
S. L. Gryf
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Lung Pathology ◽  
Severe Respiratory Failure ◽  
Lethal Outcome ◽  
Laboratory Markers ◽  
D Dimer

On March, 11 2020 WHO declared novel SARS-CoV-2 outbreak as pandemic (Coronavirus disease, COVID-19), which took away almost 4 million lives of our planet population. Management of severe COVID-19 represents the most challenging problem being associated with high level of mortality. Aim of the study: to assess the clinical features of severe COVID-19, demographic factors, laboratory markers and lung pathology findings associated with severe course and lethal outcome. Material and methods. In retrospective cohort survey we recruited 171 adult patients (age > 18 years) with severe COVID-19, admitted to 2nd infection disease department of municipal hospital �Volyn regional clinical hospital� (CE �Voklen�). 101 patients were discharged after completion of treatment. 70 patients died. In two groups (discharged or deceased) we analyzed demographic data, clinical diagnosis, comorbidity and complications, duration of disease and hospital stay, body temperature at admission, blood oxygen saturation at admission and during the course of treatment, major laboratory parameters (WBC, neutrophils, lymphocytes, thrombocytes, RBC, neutrophil/lymphocyte ration (NLR), C-RP, AST, ALT, creatinine, total protein, blood glucose and procalcitonin). Almost all patients were tested for D-dimer, lupus anticoagulant (LA) and blood gases. In part of deceased patients (n=10) an autopsy was performed with subsequent lung tissue histological examination. Results and discussion. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and severe respiratory failure were the major cause of death from COVID19. Concomitant conditions, which worsened the clinical course and prognosis: renal failure, thrombotic events, in part associated with elevation of D-dimer and LA, neoplasm, cardiovascular conditions and diabetes mellitus. Female sex and younger age were the demographic factors of favorable outcome. Leukocytosis, high NLR, increased creatinine (as an indicator of renal failure), hypoproteinemia and high serum glucose level were the laboratory markers of unfavorable prognosis. LA, associated with severe respiratory failure, stroke and vascular thrombosis, were found positive in 40 % of patients with severe COVID-19. Key words: COVID-19, severe course, mortality, prognosis factors.

scholarly journals Venous Doppler Ultrasound in Critically Ill Covid-19 Patients: Game Changer in Anticoagulation Therapy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Alfageme ◽  
Jorge González Plaza ◽  
María Luisa Collado ◽  
Santiago Méndez ◽  
Juan A. Gómez Patiño ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
Acute Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Anticoagulation Therapy ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Severe Respiratory Failure ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
D Dimer

Abstract BackgroundCOVID-19 infection has been associated with a high rate of thrombotic events, such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and acute pulmonary embolism (APE).MethodsThe purpose of our retrospective study was to evaluate the prevalence of asymptomatic DVT in lower limbs in critically ill COVID-19 patients (n=23) with severe respiratory failure and high levels of D-dimer by bedside Doppler ultrasound (DU).ResultsDVT was diagnosed in 14 cases (60.87%), 5 in proximal venous territory and 9 in infrapopliteal veins. CTPA was performed in 6 patients and all of them showed acute pulmonary embolism (APE) at segmental or subsegmental branches of pulmonary arteries. These patients (APE or DVT confirmed) were treated with therapeutic doses of anticoagulant therapy.ConclusionIn critically COVID 19 ill ICU patients with severe respiratory failure y elevated D-dimer the incidence of asymptomatic DVT is high. We propose that DU allows detection of DVT in asymptomatic patients, adding a factor that may balance the decision to fully anticoagulated these patients.

scholarly journals Venous Doppler ultrasound in critically Ill COVID-19 patients: game changer in anticoagulation therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Alfageme ◽  
Jorge González Plaza ◽  
Santiago Méndez ◽  
Juan A. Gómez Patiño ◽  
María L. Collado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
Acute Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Anticoagulation Therapy ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Severe Respiratory Failure ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
D Dimer

Abstract Background COVID-19 infection has been associated with a high rate of thrombotic events, such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and acute pulmonary embolism (APE). Methods The purpose of our retrospective study was to evaluate the prevalence of asymptomatic DVT in lower limbs in critically ill COVID-19 patients (n = 23) with severe respiratory failure and high levels of D-dimer by bedside Doppler ultrasound (DU). Results DVT was diagnosed in 14 cases (60.87%), 5 in proximal venous territory and 9 in infrapopliteal veins. Computed Tomography Pulmonary Angiography (CTPA) was performed in six patients and all of them showed acute pulmonary embolism (APE) at segmental or subsegmental branches of pulmonary arteries. These patients (APE or DVT confirmed) were treated with therapeutic doses of anticoagulant therapy. Conclusion In critically COVID-19 ill ICU patients with severe respiratory failure and elevated D-dimer, the incidence of asymptomatic DVT is high. We propose that DU allows detection of DVT in asymptomatic patients, adding a factor that may balance the decision to fully anticoagulate these patients.

scholarly journals Pulmonary embolism in patients with severe COVID-19 treated with intermediate- to full-dose enoxaparin

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cleante Scarduelli ◽  
Francesco Inglese ◽  
Massimiliano Beccaria ◽  
Fabio Spreafico ◽  
Martina Garuti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Pulmonary Angiography ◽  
Arterial Oxygen ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
Severe Respiratory Failure ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Full Dose ◽  
D Dimer

Abstract Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may predispose patients to venous thromboembolism (VTE) due to inflammation, hypoxia, immobilization, and diffuse intravascular coagulation, despite standard thrombopropylaxis. Our retrospective study reports the incidence of pulmonary embolism (PE) in patients with COVID-19 and severe respiratory failure(SRF) treated with intermediate to full-dose enoxaparin. .Methods: This retrospective case series analysed data from patients with COVID-19 pneumonia and severe respiratory failure (SRF) admitted to our Respiratory Intensive Care Unit (RICU) between February 27 and April 20, 2020 for non-invasive positive-pressure ventilation. All patients received at least intermediate-dose enoxaparin (40 mg twice daily). If PE was suspected or diagnosed, patients were treated with full-dose enoxaparin (1 mg/kg twice daily). Computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) was used to detect PE in patients with elevated D-dimer levels (> 3000 ng/mL) and/or other clinical indicators, including sudden worsening of cardiopulmonary status.Results: Ninety-two patients (71 males, 21 females; mean age 58 ± 11 years) with COVID-19 pneumonia and SRF (mean arterial oxygen partial pressure/fractional inspired oxygen [PaO2/FiO2] of 143 ± 45 mm Hg) were admitted to our RICU. Twenty-two patients underwent CTPA (24%), with PEs detected in 11 (12%). Mean PaO2/FiO2 and mean D-dimer levels did not significantly differ between patients with or without PE. Eleven patients (12%) died in the hospital, with a mean age of 70 ± 11 years for deceased patients and 56 ± 11 years for surviving patients (p < 0.0001).Conclusions: PE was diagnosed in 12% of patients despite intermediate to full-dose enoxaparin treatment. However the incidence of PE in our patients was lower than that previously reported. We hypothesize that this reduced PE incidence may have been secondary to the higher than prophylactic enoxaparin dose that was used.

scholarly journals Elevated TAT in COVID-19 Patients with Normal D-Dimer as a Predictor of Severe Respiratory Failure: A Retrospective Analysis of 797 Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
Yuichiro Takeshita ◽  
Jiro Terada ◽  
Yasutaka Hirasawa ◽  
Taku Kinoshita ◽  
Hiroshi Tajima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Severe Respiratory Failure ◽  
Single Center ◽  
Inhibitor Complex ◽  
Group A ◽  
Plasmin Inhibitor ◽  
D Dimer

Although previous studies have revealed that elevated D-dimer in the early stage of coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) indicates pulmonary intravascular coagulation, the state of coagulation/fibrinolysis disorder with normal D-dimer is unknown. The study aimed to investigate how coagulation/fibrinolysis markers affect severe respiratory failure in the early stage of COVID-19. Among 1043 patients with COVID-19, 797 patients were included in our single-center retrospective study. These 797 patients were divided into two groups, the normal D-dimer and elevated D-dimer groups and analyzed for each group. A logistic regression model was fitted for age, sex, body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2, fibrinogen ≥ 617 mg/dL, thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT) ≥ 4.0 ng/mL, and plasmin-alpha2-plasmin inhibitor-complex (PIC) > 0.8 µg/mL. A multivariate analysis of the normal D-dimer group demonstrated that being male and TAT ≥ 4.0 ng/mL significantly affected severe respiratory failure. In a multivariate analysis of the elevated D-dimer group, BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 and fibrinogen ≥ 617 mg/dL significantly affected severe respiratory failure. The elevated PIC did not affect severe respiratory failure in any group. Our study demonstrated that hypercoagulation due to SARS-CoV-2 infection may occur even during a normal D-dimer level, causing severe respiratory failure in COVID-19.

scholarly journals Demographic, clinical, and laboratory factors associated with renal parenchymal injury in Iranian children with acute pyelonephritis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daryoosh Fahimi ◽  
Leila Khedmat ◽  
Azadeh Afshin ◽  
Mohsen Jafari ◽  
Zakeyeh Bakouei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Acute Pyelonephritis ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Laboratory Markers ◽  
Low Bmi ◽  
Iranian Children ◽  
Parenchymal Injury

Abstract Background The association between renal parenchyma changes on dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) scans and demographic, clinical, and laboratory markers was assessed in pediatric patients with acute pyelonephritis. Methods A retrospective study of 67 Iranian babies and children aged 1-month to 12-year with APN was conducted between 2012 and 2018. The presence of renal parenchymal involvement (RPI) during APN was determined using technetium-99m DMSA during the first 2 weeks of hospitalization. The association of DMSA results with demographic data, clinical features (hospitalization stay, fever temperature and duration), and laboratory parameters such as pathogen type, and hematological factors (ESR, CRP, BUN, Cr, Hb, and WBC) was evaluated. Results 92.5% of children with an average age of 43.76 ± 5.2 months were girls. Twenty-four children (35.8%) did not have renal parenchymal injury (RPI), while 26 (38.8%) and 17 (25.4%) patients showed RPI in one and both kidneys, respectively. There was no significant association between RPI and mean ESR, CRP, BUN, and WBC. However, there were significant associations between RPI and higher mean levels of Cr, Hb, and BMI. Conclusions Low BMI and Hb levels and increased Cr levels might be indicative of the presence of RPI in children with APN.

Plasma D Dimer: A Useful Marker of Fibrin Breakdown in Renal Failure

1989 ◽  
Vol 61 (03) ◽  
pp. 522-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
M P Gordge ◽  
R W Faint ◽  
P B Rylance ◽  
H Ireland ◽  
D A Lane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
D Dimer

SummaryD dimer and other large fragments produced during the breakdown of crosslinked fibrin may be measured by enzyme immunoassay using monoclonal antibodies. In 91 patients with renal disease and varying degrees of renal dysfunction, plasma D dimer showed no correlation with renal function, whereas FgE antigen, a fibrinogen derivative which is known to be cleared in part by the kidney, showed a significant negative correlation with creatinine clearance. Plasma concentrations of D dimer were, however, increased in patients with chronic renal failure (244 ± 3l ng/ml) (mean ± SEM) and diabetic nephropathy (308 ± 74 ng/ml), when compared with healthy controls (96 ± 13 ng/ml), and grossly elevated in patients with acute renal failure (2,451 ± 1,007 ng/ml). The results indicate an increase in fibrin formation and lysis, and not simply reduced elimination of D dimer by the kidneys, and are further evidence of activated coagulation in renal disease. D dimer appears to be a useful marker of fibrin breakdown in renal failure.

Favorable Anakinra Responses in COVID-19 Patients with Severe Respiratory Failure

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Dimopoulos ◽  
Quirijn de Mast ◽  
Nikolaos Markou ◽  
Maria Theodorakopoulou ◽  
Apostolos Komnos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Severe Respiratory Failure

scholarly journals Clinical Features and Mortality Associated with Severe Malaria in Adults in Southern Mauritania

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Boushab Mohamed Boushab ◽  
Mohamed Salem Ould Ahmedou Salem ◽  
Ali Ould Mohamed Salem Boukhary ◽  
Philippe Parola ◽  
Leonardo Basco
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Severe Malaria ◽  
Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Severe Anaemia ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Organization

Severe malaria in adults is not well-studied in Sahelian Africa. Clinical features and mortality associated with severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria in adult patients hospitalized in Kiffa, southern Mauritania, were analysed. Patients over 15 years old admitted for severe malaria between August 2016 and December 2019 were included in the present retrospective study. The World Health Organization (WHO) criteria were used to define severe malaria. The presenting clinical characteristics and outcome were compared. Of 4266 patients hospitalized during the study period, 573 (13.4%) had a positive rapid diagnostic test for malaria, and 99 (17.3%; mean age, 37.5 years; range 15–79 years; sex-ratio M/F, 2.1) satisfied the criteria for severe malaria. On admission, the following signs and symptoms were observed in more than one-fourth of the patients: fever (98%), impairment of consciousness (81.8%), multiple convulsions (70.7%), cardiovascular collapse (61.6%), respiratory distress (43.4%), severe anaemia ≤ 80 g/L (36.4%), haemoglobinuria (27.3%), and renal failure (25.3%). Patients were treated with parenteral quinine or artemether. Fourteen (14.1%) patients died. Multiple convulsions, respiratory distress, severe anaemia, haemoglobinuria, acute renal failure, jaundice, and abnormal bleeding occurred more frequently (p < 0.05) in deceased patients. Mortality due to severe falciparum malaria is high among adults in southern Mauritania. An adoption of the WHO-recommended first-line treatment for severe malaria, such as parenteral artesunate, is required to lower the mortality rate associated with severe malaria.

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