scholarly journals Logical Operator Estimation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulf A. Hamster

This report proposes an estimation method to find the unknown boolean input variable of a logical operation (AND, OR, XOR). The estimators might help to assess if the association between an input and output signal is the result of simple logical operations.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiu-ming Cheung ◽  
Zhikai Hu

Facial sketch recognition is one of the most commonly used method to identify a suspect when only witnesses are available, which, however, usually leads to four gaps, i.e. memory gap, communication gap, description-sketch gap, and sketch-image gap. These gaps limit its application in practice to some extent. To circumvent these gaps, this paper therefore focus on the problem: how to identify a suspect using partial photo information from different persons. Accordingly, we propose a new Logical Operation Oriented Face Retrieval (LOOFR) approach provided that partial information extracted from several different persons' photos is available. The LOOFR defines the new AND and OR operators on these partial information. For example, " eyes of person A AND mouth of person B" means retrieving the target person whose eyes and mouth are similar to that of person A and person B respectively, while "eyes of person A OR eyes of person B" means retrieving target person whose eyes are similar to both person A and B. Evidently, these logical operators cannot be directly implemented by INTERSECTION and UNION in set operations. Meanwhile, they are better for human understanding than set operators. Subsequently, we propose a two-stage LOOFR approach, in which the representations of partial information are learned in the first stage while the logical operations are processed in the second stage. As a result, the target photo of a suspect can be retrieved. Experiments show its promising results.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiu-ming Cheung ◽  
Zhikai Hu

Facial sketch recognition is one of the most commonly used method to identify a suspect when only witnesses are available, which, however, usually leads to four gaps, i.e. memory gap, communication gap, description-sketch gap, and sketch-image gap. These gaps limit its application in practice to some extent. To circumvent these gaps, this paper therefore focus on the problem: how to identify a suspect using partial photo information from different persons. Accordingly, we propose a new Logical Operation Oriented Face Retrieval (LOOFR) approach provided that partial information extracted from several different persons' photos is available. The LOOFR defines the new AND and OR operators on these partial information. For example, " eyes of person A AND mouth of person B" means retrieving the target person whose eyes and mouth are similar to that of person A and person B respectively, while "eyes of person A OR eyes of person B" means retrieving target person whose eyes are similar to both person A and B. Evidently, these logical operators cannot be directly implemented by INTERSECTION and UNION in set operations. Meanwhile, they are better for human understanding than set operators. Subsequently, we propose a two-stage LOOFR approach, in which the representations of partial information are learned in the first stage while the logical operations are processed in the second stage. As a result, the target photo of a suspect can be retrieved. Experiments show its promising results.


2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 408-426
Author(s):  
Piotr Ostalczyk ◽  
Marcin Bąkała ◽  
Jacek Nowakowski ◽  
Dominik Sankowski

AbstractThis is a continuation (Part II) of our previous paper [19]. In this paper we present a simple method of the fractional-order value calculation of the fractional-order discrete integration element. We assume that the input and output signals are known. The linear time-invariant fractional-order difference equation is reduced to the polynomial in a variable ν with coefficients depending on the measured input and output signal values. One should solve linear algebraic equation or find roots of a polynomial. This simple mathematical problem complicates when the measured output signal contains a noise. Then, the polynomial roots are unsettled because they are very sensitive to coefficients variability. In the paper we show that the discrete integrator fractional-order is very stiff due to the degree of the polynomial. The minimal number of samples guaranteeing the correct order is evaluated. The investigations are supported by a numerical example.


2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 616-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Kadić ◽  
Vesna Denić-Jukić ◽  
Damir Jukić

Abstract The objective of this work is the study of two adjacent karst springs, Jadro and Žrnovnica, in Croatia. This work focuses on the effects of temperature, relative humidity, rainfall and discharges on the hydrological behavior and relations of two adjacent karst springs. Partial correlation analysis reveals the type of the control signal that affects the cross-correlation function between an input and output signal. It has been confirmed that in the case of the adjacent karst springs Jadro and Žrnovnica, the discharge of the Žrnovnica Spring has an impact on the rainfall-discharge relation of the Jadro Spring. The demonstrated approach represents an improvement in investigating the relations of adjacent karst springs and could be used as an integral part of their hydrological and hydrogeological investigations, considering that the necessary data can occur in a relatively simple and inexpensive manner.


2016 ◽  
Vol 04 (03) ◽  
pp. 1650020
Author(s):  
Enping LI

The incomplete corresponding relationship between the input and output of urbanization makes it extremely complex to estimate the urbanization cost. As the estimation has to be based on the costs of urban development, big estimate errors could probably result from different demographic characteristics among cities. The author, by eliminating the factor of demographic characteristics, proposes a three-step estimation method of the costs of fixed input in the urbanization of population: (1) estimating the per capita capital stock of the city; (2) simulating and measuring the corresponding relationship between per capita capital stock and the factor of demographic characteristics of the city; (3) estimating per capita capital stock of the standard population excluding the factor of demographic characteristics of the city, namely the costs of fixed input in urbanization. Meanwhile, the author makes an estimation and comparison of the costs of fixed input in the urbanization of Chinese cities at prefecture level and above in 2010. The result shows that (1) the costs of fixed input in urbanization significantly decrease with the expansion of population; (2) the costs of fixed input in the urbanization of national and provincial capitals are significantly lower than those of other cities; (3) the costs of fixed input in the urbanization of central cities are significantly lower than those of eastern cities.


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