scholarly journals Incremental Criterion Prediction of Personality Facets over Factors: Obtaining Unbiased Estimates and Confidence Intervals

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeromy Anglim ◽  
Sharon L. Grant
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Well Being ◽  
R Package ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Personality Facets ◽  
Unbiased Estimates ◽  
Level Analysis

Many researchers have argued that higher order models of personality such as the Five Factor Model are insufficient, and that facet-level analysis is required to better understand criteria such as well-being, job performance, and personality disorders. However, common methods in the extant literature used to estimate the incremental prediction of facets over factors have several shortcomings. This paper delineates these shortcomings by evaluating alternative methods using statistical theory, simulation, and an empirical example. We recommend using differences between Olkin-Pratt adjusted r-squared for factor versus facet regression models to estimate the incremental prediction of facets and present a method for obtaining confidence intervals for such estimates using double adjusted-r-squared bootstrapping. We also provide an R package that implements the proposed methods.

scholarly journals Personality and Problematic Smartphone Use: A Facet-Level Analysis using the Five Factor Model and HEXACO Frameworks

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Horwood ◽  
Jeromy Anglim
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Daily Functioning ◽  
Problematic Smartphone Use ◽  
Problematic Use ◽  
Smartphone Use ◽  
Level Analysis

Problematic smartphone use can be defined as compulsive use that leads to impaired daily functioning in terms of productivity, social relationships, physical health, or emotional well-being. The current study provides a comprehensive assessment of how the broad and narrow traits of the HEXACO and Five Factor Models of personality predict problematic smartphone use. A sample of Australian adults (n = 393, 79% female; mean age = 24.4, SD = 7.1) completed the 300-item IPIP NEO and the 200-item HEXACO-PI-R, along with measures of general and problematic smartphone use. Participants reported high levels of problematic smartphone use. Problematic smartphone use was positively correlated with neuroticism and negatively correlated with conscientiousness. Facet-level analysis highlighted the importance of several facets including impulsiveness, vulnerability, and anxiety as positive correlates and dutifulness, competence, self-discipline, and deliberation as negative correlates of problematic smartphone use. In the HEXACO framework, honesty-humility, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness all showed moderate negative correlations with problematic smartphone use, and emotionality was positively correlated with problematic smartphone use. Regression models indicated that narrow traits provide modest incremental prediction of problematic use. Overall, the study highlights the importance of personality traits for understanding predispositions to engage in problematic smartphone use.

Animal Personality

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Weiss ◽  
Marieke Gartner
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Animal Personality ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Life History Strategies ◽  
Life Outcomes ◽  
Personality Research ◽  
Working Together ◽  
Personality Facets

Animal personality has been studied for decades, and a recent renaissance in the field has revealed links to health and life outcomes that echo those found in humans. Some of this research is tied to the Five Factor Model—the predominant model of human personality—which informs animal personality research as well, and allows for comparative work that points to evolutionary pathways that delineate phylogenetic continuity. From personality facets and traits to factors, this work has implications for human and nonhuman animal genetics, life history strategies, survival, and well-being, as well as development and social relationships. Working together, scientists from a variety of fields who study personality can hope to puzzle out causality, use personality as a tool for health, and simply define personality, across species, and therefore evolutionary time.

Can Big Five Facets Distinguish between Hedonic and Eudaimonic Well-Being? A Dominance Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosario J. Marrero ◽  
Mar Rey ◽  
Juan Andrés Hernández-Cabrera
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Personal Growth ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Personality Facets

AbstractIn this study, the aim was to analyze the relative importance of Five-Factor Model (FFM) personality facets for eudaimonic or psychological well-being (PWB) and hedonic or subjective well-being (SWB) through dominance analyses. The participants were 1,403 adult residents of Spain (mean age 37.2 years, SD = 13.9). As expected, facets captured a substantial proportion of the variance in PWB and SWB, with PWB being better predicted than SWB (explaining around 36–55% of the variance of PWB vs. 25% of the variance of SWB). Some facets were common to both types of well-being such as depression (explaining between 5–33% of the variance), vulnerability (explaining between 4–21% of the variance), positive emotions (explaining between 2-9% of the variance) and achievement striving (explaining between 2–10% of the variance), whereas others made a unique contribution according to type of well-being. Certain facets had a greater relative importance for women’s well-being -e.g., positive emotions explained 9% of the variance of self-acceptance for women vs. 3% for men- and others for men’s well-being -e.g., achievement striving explained 9% of the variance of personal growth for men vs. 2% for women-. The present results contribute to the literature by identifying which Big Five facets showed greater relative importance in explaining and distinguishing between PWB and SWB for women and men.

scholarly journals Personality—obesity associations are driven by narrow traits: A meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uku Vainik ◽  
Alain Dagher ◽  
Anu Realo ◽  
Lucía Colodro-Conde ◽  
Erik Lykke Mortensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Unpublished Studies ◽  
Personality Facets ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Level Analysis

Obesity has inconsistent associations with broad personality domains, possibly because the links pertain to only some facets of these domains. Collating published and unpublished studies (N = 14,848), we meta-analysed the associations between body mass index (BMI) and 30 Five-Factor Model personality facets. BMI had a positive association with Neuroticism and a negative association with Conscientiousness domains. At the facet level, we found associations between BMI and 15 facets from all five personality domains, with only some Neuroticism and Conscientiousness facets among them. Certain personality—BMI associations were moderated by sample properties, such as proportions of women or participants with obesity; these moderation effects were replicated in the individual-level analysis. Finally, facet-based personality “risk” scores accounted for 2.3% of variance in BMI in a separate sample of individuals (N = 3,569), 409% more than domain-based scores. Taken together, personality—BMI associations are facet-specific and delineating them may help to explain obesity-related behaviors and inform intervention designs. Preprint and data are available at https://psyarxiv.com/z35vn/.

Factorial Invariance of Child Self-Report Across English and Spanish Language Groups in a Hispanic Population Utilizing the PedsQL™ 4.0 Generic Core Scales

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 194-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel A. Newman ◽  
Christine A. Limbers ◽  
James W. Varni
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Services ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Factorial Invariance ◽  
Spanish Language ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Hispanic Population ◽  
Language Groups ◽  
Related Quality

The measurement of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in children has witnessed significant international growth over the past decade in an effort to improve pediatric health and well-being, and to determine the value of health-care services. In order to compare international HRQOL research findings across language groups, it is important to demonstrate factorial invariance, i.e., that the items have an equivalent meaning across the language groups studied. This study examined the factorial invariance of child self-reported HRQOL across English- and Spanish-language groups in a Hispanic population of 2,899 children ages 8–18 utilizing the 23-item PedsQL™ 4.0 Generic Core Scales. Multigroup confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed specifying a five-factor model across language groups. The findings support an equivalent 5-factor structure across English- and Spanish-language groups. Based on these data, it can be concluded that children across the two languages studied interpreted the instrument in a similar manner. The multigroup CFA statistical methods utilized in the present study have important implications for cross-cultural assessment research in children in which different language groups are compared.

scholarly journals Sustainable Development Goals and Investment Strategies: The Profitability of Using Five-Factor Fama-French Alphas

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1842 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Luis Miralles-Quirós ◽  
María Mar Miralles-Quirós ◽  
José Manuel Nogueira
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Investment Strategy ◽  
Investment Strategies ◽  
Responsible Investment ◽  
Development Goals

This study focuses on assets related to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which are the most recent aspect of the Socially Responsible Investment framework and have caught the attention of investors due to their investment opportunities as well as the global challenges that can be achieved. The profitability of developing an investment strategy is shown based on the value of the alphas obtained from the estimation of the Fama-French five-factor model when compared to an equally weighted portfolio, even when transaction costs are taken into consideration. In addition, it is proven that investors should focus their investments on two main SDGs: Good health and well-being (Goal 3) and Industry, innovation and infrastructure (Goal 9).

The Five-Factor Model of Personality, Subjective Well-Being, and Social Adaptation: Generalizability to the Spanish Context

2005 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 863-866 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor M. Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Adaptation ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Clear Pattern ◽  
Population Analyses ◽  
Five Factors

The relationships between the five-factor model of personality, subjective well-being, and social adaptation were examined in two Spanish groups, one of 112 undergraduate students and one of 177 participants from the general population. Analyses showed a clear pattern of low but positive associations among scores on well-being, social adaptation, and four of the five factors of personality (Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, and Emotional Stability), very similar to those obtained by previous research in the American context.

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