Liposomes can minimize cardiotoxicity, address drug resistance, and improve overall drug release profiles in breast cancer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moataz Dowaidar
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Drugs ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Breast Cancer Therapy ◽  
Experimental Development ◽  
Release Profiles

Following the demand for novel techniques for breast cancer therapy, the experimental development of liposome delivery systems is moving rapidly. There is, however, no clear concept or road map for designing the unique formulation of the liposome for breast cancer. Most papers select targeting and triggering modalities based on molecular subtypes of the tumor and existing conventional therapy. Although conventional liposome-formulated chemotherapeutic drugs have been widely used in clinical practice in the treatment of breast cancer, clinical acceptance of these innovative liposome formulations poses some hurdles. When synthesizing such liposomes, the triggering mechanisms must be further investigated. For example, for light-triggered liposomes, the phospholipid component must be selected depending on photo-induced processes. Unsaturated phospholipids would be used when using a photochemical pathway, such as a photo-oxidative reaction. In addition, the active components in the triggerable liposome formulation must be modified to balance healthy tissue benefits and dangers.From the perspective of therapeutic applications, future development of liposome technology will help long-term breast cancer patients. Many studies have demonstrated that various drug-charged liposome architectures can minimize cardiotoxicity, address drug resistance, and improve overall drug release profiles. These liposomes also present opportunities for site-specific therapy by modifying the liposome surface with targeted ligands, lowering non-specific effects of traditional chemotherapeutic drugs. The new generation of triggering characteristics of liposomes enables much more precise management of payload release, greatly enhancing therapy outcomes for breast cancer patients. Liposome formulations can widen the spectrum of drug/gene delivery possibilities for breast cancer therapy, addressing critical medication toxicity concerns and limited therapeutic effectiveness.

scholarly journals Effect of different modalities of treatment on the quality of life of breast cancer patients in Egypt

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-81
Author(s):  
Fatma M. El Sharkawi ◽  
Mahmoud F. Sakr ◽  
Hoda Y. Atta ◽  
Hafez M. Ghanem
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Adjuvant Therapy ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Breast Cancer Therapy ◽  
Egyptian Women ◽  
The Impact

The impact of breast cancer therapy on the quality of life [QL] of Egyptian women was studied. Patients were divided into four groups:1:mastectomy alone;2:surgery plus radiotherapy;3:surgery plus chemotherapy;and 4:triple modality. The results revealed that all the four domains of QL of women having adjuvant therapy [groups 2, 3, or 4] were significantly altered compared to those who underwent mastectomy alone. Triple modality adversely affected global QL the most compared to radiotherapy or chemotherapy;radiotherapy had significantly less effect on QL compared to chemotherapy. Triple modality predicted the worst QL. QL measures should be incorporated with the traditional end points for evaluation of treatment and patients given health education on the effects of each therapy

scholarly journals Pilot Study to Determine Prevalence of CYP2B6*6,CYP2C19*2 and CYP2C19*3 in Breast Cancer Patients Versus Normal Healthy Controls Among Three Major Ethnic Groups in Singapore

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaik-Hong Soon ◽  
Seok Hwee Koo ◽  
Pei Ting Tan ◽  
Lawrence Soon-U Lee ◽  
Chee Kian Tham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Chinese Population ◽  
Cancer Development ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Breast Cancer Therapy ◽  
Breast Cancer Development

Abstract Background: Breast cancer is the top cancer suffered by women worldwide and has been identified to be the greatest killer for women living in Singapore. Unfortunately, most of breast cancer cases were detected only at later stage of disease development. This has crippled the effort of breast cancer therapy. As early detection of breast cancer could greatly improve the outcome of breast cancer therapy, it is of utmost importance to identify relevant biomarkers at the primitive stage of breast cancer development before the transformation of normal breast cells into cancerous cells. These biomarkers provide important clues leading to an efficient and targeted treatment approach in breast cancer preventive care.Methods: 455 breast cancer patients were consented to join this study. Buccal swabs were collected for genotyping on CYP2B6*6, CYP2C19 *2 & CYP2C19*3. The genotyping data were then compared to data collected from healthy individuals. Clinical data were collected from patient notes and analysed. All the statistical analyses were done using SPSS statistical software, version 19.0. Chi-square or Fisher’s Exact test were performed to examine the difference between subject’s characteristics for categorical variables and One-Way Anova was performed to assess age difference across alleles of CYP2B6*6, CYP2C19*2 and CYP2C19*3. Binary logistics regression was performed to identify demographic factors associated with breast cancer.Results: We reported thatCYP2B6*6 could be a risk factor leading to earlier onset of breast cancer among Indian population with OR found to be 1.69 (95% C.I.= 0.549-5.191, p=0.359). In the case of CYP2C19*2, OR is 1.57 for Malay (95% C.I. = 0.696-3.522, p=0.278); 1.15 for Chinese population (95% C.I. =0.862-1.545, p=0.335) and 1.03 for Indian (95% C.I. =0.301-3.496, p=0.968). CYP2C19*3 OR in Chinese population is 1.34 (95% C.I. =0.830-2.155, p=0.231) and 0.77 (95% C.I. =0.172-3.394, p=0.724) for Malay population. No CYP2C19*3 was detected in both cohorts of Indian patients and healthy controls. Conclusions: CYP2B6*6 and CYP2C19*2 polymorphisms may confer a risk for breast cancer development in Singaporean breast cancer patients. This is an exploratory study to identify potential breast cancer susceptibility gene polymorphisms, a bigger sample size study could be done to corroborate these findings in future studies.

Totally Implantable Venous Access Port Systems: Implant Depth-based Complications in Breast Cancer Therapy - A Comparative Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuo Chen ◽  
Narasimha M. Beeraka ◽  
Yuanting Gu ◽  
Jingruo Li ◽  
Mikhail Sinelnikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Venous Access ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Breast Cancer Therapy ◽  
Access Port ◽  
Group A ◽  
Venous Access Port ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Background: Totally implantable venous access port system (TIVAPS) is widely used in breast cancer therapy; TIVAPS has several associated complications depending on the depth of implantation in breast cancer (BC) patients during continuous infusional chemotherapy regimens. The purpose of this study is to find out the optimal depth of TIVAPS implantation to reduce the incidence of complications during infusional chemotherapy. Methods: This study reviewed the depth TIVAPS implantation in the internal jugular vein in 1282 breast cancer patients over a ten-year period (2009-2019), and associated complications. We segregated the patients as 5 groups: ‘Group A (depth < 4 mm), Group B (depth of 4-8 mm), Group C (depth of 8-12 mm), and Group D (depth of 12-16 mm), and Group E (depth of > 16 mm)’. Consequently, the ‘internal complications’ such as infection, venous thrombotic syndrome, catheter folding & migration, extravasation, whereas the ‘external complications’ viz., inflammation, local hematoma, local cutaneous reactions, and port exteriorization were significantly analyzed during TIVAPS implantation at different depths in BC patients. Results: Overall incidence of ‘internal complications’ such as infections, venous thrombotic syndrome, catheter folding & migration, and extravasation was comparatively lesser in Group C (8-12 mm) than Group A, Group B, Group D, and Group E, respectively. Mainly, the external complications such as inflammation Group C (8-12 mm) (p<0.01) were lesser (6.8%, 3/44 cases) than Group A, Group B, Group D, Group E. On a similar note, the local hematoma, and local cutaneous reaction, and port exteriorization were observed as ‘5% (1/20 cases), 4.2% (2/47 cases), and (3.2%, 1/31 cases)’ in Group C patients (p<0.01), which were comparatively lesser than the other groups. Conclusion: Subcutaneous implantation of TIVAPS at a depth of 8-12 mm could be preferred due to the lowest incidence of internal and external complications compared to the incidence of these complications in other groups; this depth could be referred to as the safe and convenient implantation depth for the effective delivery of chemotherapy regimen in BC patients without difficulty in transcutaneous access to the port.

scholarly journals Managing Cancer and Living Meaningfully (CALM) Intervention on Chemotherapy-Related Cognitive Impairment in Breast Cancer Survivors

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 153473542093845
Author(s):  
Ke Ding ◽  
Xiuqing Zhang ◽  
Jingjing Zhao ◽  
He Zuo ◽  
Ziran Bi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Functional Assessment ◽  
Breast Cancer Survivors ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Before And After

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of Managing Cancer and Living Meaningfully (CALM), which is used to reduce chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment (CRCI), relieve psychological distress, and improve quality of life (QOL) in Chinese breast cancer survivors (BCs). Methods: Seventy-four BCs were enrolled in this study. All patients were randomly assigned to either the CALM group or the care as usual (CAU) group. All patients were evaluated by the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–Cognitive Function (FACT-Cog), Distress Thermometer (DT), and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–Breast (FACT-B) before and after CALM or CAU application to BCs with CRCI. We compared the differences in all these scores between the CALM group and the control group and analyzed the correlation between cognitive function and QOL. Results: Compared with the CAU group, the performance of the CALM group on the FACT-Cog, DT, and FACT-B showed significant differences before and after CALM ( t = −18.909, −5.180, −32.421, P = .000, .000, .000, respectively). Finally, there was a positive correlation between cognitive function and QOL in breast cancer patients before ( r = 0.579, P = .000) and after ( r = 0.797, P = .000) treatment. Conclusions: The present results indicated that CALM has salutary effects on the improvement of cognitive impairment and QOL and relieves psychological distress in breast cancer patients, which may be due to a positive correlation between psychological distress and cognitive function or QOL.

Co-administration of biocompatible self-assembled polylactic acid–hyaluronic acid block copolymer nanoparticles with tumor-penetrating peptide-iRGD for metastatic breast cancer therapy

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (19) ◽  
pp. 3163-3180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caifeng Deng ◽  
Xiaohong Xu ◽  
Drunp Tashi ◽  
Yongmei Wu ◽  
Bingyin Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽  
Block Copolymer ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Drugs ◽  
Breast Cancer Therapy

The safe and efficient targeted delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs has remained a challenge in metastatic breast cancer therapy.

scholarly journals ELOVL2: a novel tumor suppressor attenuating tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawoon Jeong ◽  
Juyeon Ham ◽  
Hyeon Woo Kim ◽  
Heejoo Kim ◽  
Hwee Won Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Tumor Tissue ◽  
Tamoxifen Resistance ◽  
Colony Formation Assay ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Methylation Analysis ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Mcf 7

Abstract Background To comprehensively understand the molecular mechanism of tamoxifen resistance (TamR) acquisition by epigenetically regulated genes, it is essential to identify pivotal genes by genome-wide methylation analysis and verify their function in xenograft animal model and cancer patients. Methods The MCF-7/TamR breast cancer cell line was developed and a genome-wide methylation array was performed. The methylation and expression of ELOVL2 was validated in cultured cells, xenografted tumor tissue, and breast cancer patients by methylation-specific PCR, qRT-PCR, Western blot analysis, and immunohistochemistry. Deregulation of ELOVL2 and THEM4 was achieved using siRNA or generating stable transfectants. Tam sensitivity, cell growth, and apoptosis were monitored by colorimetric and colony formation assay and flow cytometric analysis. Pathway analysis was performed to generate networks for the differentially methylated genes in the MCF-7/TamR cells and for the differentially expressed genes in the ELOVL2-overexpressing cells. Results Genome-wide methylation analysis in the MCF-7/TamR cells identified elongation of very-long chain fatty acid protein 2 (ELOVL2) to be significantly hypermethylated and downregulated, which was further verified in the tumor tissues from TamR breast cancer patients (n = 28) compared with those from Tam-sensitive (TamS) patients (n = 33) (P < 0.001). Immunohistochemical analysis of tissues from cancer patients showed lower expression of ELOVL2 in the TamR than TamS tissues. Growth of the MCF-7/TamR cells overexpressing ELOVL2 was retarded in cell culture and also in xenograft tumor tissue. Strikingly, ELOVL2 attenuated resistance to Tam up to 70% judged by the colorimetric and colony formation assay and xenograft mouse model. ELOVL2 contributed to the recovery of Tam sensitivity by regulating a group of genes in the AKT and ERα signaling pathways, e.g., THEM4, which plays crucial roles in drug resistance. Conclusions ELOVL2 was hypermethylated and downregulated in TamR breast cancer patients compared with TamS patients. ELOVL2 is responsible for the recovery of Tam sensitivity. AKT- and ERα-hubbed networks are pivotal in ELOVL2 signaling, where THEM4 contributes to the relaying ELOVL2 signaling. This study implies that deregulation of a gene in fatty acid metabolism can lead to drug resistance, giving insight into the development of a new therapeutic strategy for drug-resistant breast cancer.

scholarly journals Upper limb lymphedema related to breast cancer therapy: incidence, risk factors, diagnostic techniques, risk reduction and optimal management

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 3633
Author(s):  
Hatem A. Saleh ◽  
Tarek M. Rageh ◽  
Suzan A. Alhassanin ◽  
Mohamed A. Megahed
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Breast Cancer Therapy ◽  
Cancer Management ◽  
Breast Cancer Management ◽  
Incidence Risk

Background: Lymphedema remains to be a great source of morbidity for breast cancer survivors. The aim of this work is to study upper limb lymphedema following breast cancer therapy for breast cancer patients regarding its incidence, risk factors, diagnostic techniques, risk reduction and optimal management.Methods: This prospective study was done on two hundred breast cancer patients who underwent breast cancer management. The study was done in the period between May 2016 and July 2018. Exclusion criteria were Male patients, Female patients with metastatic breast cancer and who already had upper limb lymphedema before breast cancer management. All patients underwent follow up for incidence, risk factors, diagnostic techniques and management of lymphedema. Statistical analysis used: The collected data were organized, tabulated and statistically analyzed using SPSS softwareResults: The incidence of lymphedema was (18 %) distributed as follow: grade I = 55.6%, grade II = 33.3%, grade III = 11.1 % and grade IV = 0 %. The most relevant risk factors for development of lymphedema were: age between 41 and 50 years and diabetes mellitus. Higher incidence of pain (66.7%) and restricted motion (61.1%) were observed in lymphedema cases.Conclusions: Old (41:50 years) and diabetic patients are at the highest risk for developing lymphedema. Breast cancer patients of stage IIIB who had undergone modified radical mastectomy or who developed postoperative seroma are at higher risk for developing lymphedema. Physical exercises and compression garment are important part of treatment plan.

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