scholarly journals Protective Effects of Reasons for Living Against Suicidal Ideation in Daily Life

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliona Tsypes ◽  
Aleksandra Kaurin ◽  
Aidan G.C. Wright ◽  
Michael Hallquist ◽  
Alexandre Dombrovski
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Psychological Processes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reasons For Living ◽  
Suicide Attempters ◽  
Assessment Protocol ◽  
Suicidal Crisis

How do individuals resist suicidal urges in a suicidal crisis? Deterrents for suicide can be conceptualized as reasons for living (RFL), but our understanding of their protective effects is predominantly informed by cross-sectional research. We examined the protective effects of RFL on suicidal ideation (SI) in daily life in a high-risk sample. We also tested whether personality traits moderated the strength of the dynamic RFL-SI link. Adults with a borderline personality disorder diagnosis (n=153, 105 suicide attempters) completed a 21-day ambulatory assessment protocol. Daily endorsements of RFL were negatively linked to SI at the within-person but not the between-person level. Whereas suicide attempters endorsed RFL less frequently than non-attempters, their protective effect was undiminished in this group. While people high on openness and extraversion endorsed RFL more often, this increase was not protective against SI, indicating that RFL reflect heterogeneous underlying psychological processes, only some of which are protective against SI.

scholarly journals Momentary Interpersonal Processes of Suicidal Surges in Borderline Personality Disorder

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Kaurin ◽  
Aidan G.C. Wright ◽  
Michael Hallquist ◽  
Alexandre Dombrovski
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Interpersonal Processes ◽  
Interpersonal Perceptions ◽  
Affective Dysregulation ◽  
Assessment Protocol ◽  
Suicidal Crisis

Background: Suicide rates are high in borderline personality disorder (BPD) where interpersonal problems trigger intense affective dysregulation and impulses to act on suicidal thoughts. To date, however, no study has examined how interpersonal stressors contribute to momentary within-person links among affect and impulsivity with suicidal ideation, and how those links vary over time in people’s daily lives. Methods: 153 individuals diagnosed with BPD and 52 healthy controls completed a 21-day ecological momentary assessment protocol. Of these 153 BPD individuals with BPD, 105 had a history of suicide attempts. Multilevel structural equation modeling (MSEM) was used to examine dynamic links among interpersonal perceptions, affect, state impulsivity, and suicidal intent. Results: Aggregated across interactions, lower perceived warmth in others was associated with suicidal ideation. This direct relationship, however, did not extend to momentary within-person associations. Instead, interpersonal conflicts were linked to suicidal ideation indirectly via greater negative affect and lower positive affect. While a robust within-person link between interpersonal perceptions and impulsivity emerged, impulsivity did not account for the relationship between interpersonal perceptions and suicidal ideation. Conclusion: This intensive longitudinal study illustrates momentary interpersonal signatures of an emerging suicidal crisis. Among people with BPD at high risk for suicide, interpersonal triggers initiate a cascade of affective dysregulation, which in turn gives rise to suicidal ideation.

Suicide Attempters, Suicide Ideators, and Non-Ideators

Crisis ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 294-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Teismann ◽  
Laura Paashaus ◽  
Paula Siegmann ◽  
Peter Nyhuis ◽  
Marcus Wolter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Positive Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reasons For Living ◽  
Suicide Attempters

Abstract. Background: Suicide ideation is a prerequisite for suicide attempts. However, the majority of ideators will never act on their thoughts. It is therefore crucial to understand factors that differentiate those who consider suicide from those who make suicide attempts. Aim: Our aim was to investigate the role of protective factors in differentiating non-ideators, suicide ideators, and suicide attempters. Method: Inpatients without suicide ideation ( n = 32) were compared with inpatients with current suicide ideation ( n = 37) and with inpatients with current suicide ideation and a lifetime history of suicide attempts ( n = 26) regarding positive mental health, self-esteem, trust in higher guidance, social support, and reasons for living. Results: Non-ideators reported more positive mental health, social support, reasons for living, and self-esteem than suicide ideators and suicide attempters did. No group differences were found regarding trust in higher guidance. Suicide ideators and suicide attempters did not differ regarding any of the study variables. Limitations: Results stem from a cross-sectional study of suicide attempts; thus, neither directionality nor generalizability to fatal suicide attempts can be determined. Conclusion: Various protective factors are best characterized to distinguish ideators from nonsuicidal inpatients. However, the same variables seem to offer no information about the difference between ideators and attempters.

Progression from interpersonal problems to suicidal ideation and suicidal behavior in borderline personality disorder

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Allen ◽  
Michael Hallquist ◽  
Aidan G.C. Wright ◽  
Alexandre Dombrovski
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Interpersonal Dysfunction ◽  
Suicidal Crisis

Importance: Clinicians treating borderline personality disorder (BPD) are often faced with the difficult challenge of assessing when, and for whom, risk for suicide is greatest. Addressing this dilemma requires longitudinal, prospective data from high-risk samples with an elevated base rate of suicide attempts.Objective: To test whether dispositional characteristics modulate the pathway from interpersonal dysfunction to suicide in BPD. Design: This longitudinal, observational study was conducted between 1990 and 2020. Data were analyzed between April and July 2020. Participants were assessed annually for up to 30 years (mean number of follow-ups = 7.82). Setting: Participants were recruited from inpatient, outpatient, and community referral sources.Participants: 458 individuals (Mean age = 28.59, 77% female) diagnosed with BPD.Main Outcomes and Measures: Presence or absence of a suicide attempt within one year of each follow-up assessment. Multilevel structural equation modeling was used to 1) examine longitudinal, within-person transitions from interpersonal dysfunction to suicidal ideation to suicide attempts (i.e., the [I]nterpersonal-[I]deation-[A]ttempt pathway); and 2) evaluate whether two maladaptive personality dimensions, negative affect and disinhibition, moderated these transitions.Results: At the within-person level, there was support for the I-I-A pathway: suicidal ideation accounted for the association between interpersonal dysfunction and suicide attempts. Personality further moderated each component of the I-I-A pathway: negative affect was associated with a stronger coupling between interpersonal dysfunction and ideation; and disinhibition was associated with a stronger coupling between ideation and attempts. Conclusions and Relevance: The escalation from interpersonal difficulties to a suicidal crisis in BPD involves two psychologically distinct process. An internalizing process links interpersonal dysfunction to suicidal ideation and is facilitated by trait negative. An additional externalizing process links suicidal ideation to suicide attempts, and is facilitated by trait disinhibition. Assessment of these intra- and interindividual risk factors may inform clinical decisions about when, and for whom, crisis intervention is necessary.

scholarly journals Variability in Suicidal Ideation is Associated with Affective Instability in Suicide Attempters with Borderline Personality Disorder

Psychiatry ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mina M. Rizk ◽  
Tse-Hwei Choo ◽  
Hanga Galfalvy ◽  
Emily Biggs ◽  
Beth S. Brodsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Suicide Attempters ◽  
Affective Instability

Sub-clinical borderline personality disorder symptoms as predictor of suicidality and non-suicidal self-injury in young Pakistani females

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Gull Zareen ◽  
Farzana Ashraf ◽  
Admin
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Clinical Population ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
Personality Features

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine if suicidal and non-suicidal self-injury can be predicted by the symptoms of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) and if non-suicidal self-injury predicts suicidality in young adult females. In this cross-sectional study, 150 undergraduate females (mean age 20.47±3.17) were conveniently sampled and assessed on McLean Screening Instrument for Borderline Personality Disorder, Suicidal Behaviour Questionnaire-Revised, and the Inventory of Statements about Self-injury. Borderline Personality features significantly predicted suicidal ideation and behaviour (?=.383, p<.001) and non-suicidal self-injury (?.282, p<.01). Likewise, non-suicidal self-injury was positively associated with suicidality (r =.330, p<.01). Even sub-threshold BPD features in a non-clinical population may be predictive of suicidal and non-suicidal self-injury. Future research should be based on the management and interventional strategies for tested constructs. Further, screening measures need to be introduced to better detect population at risk of subclinical BPD, suicidal ideation and self-injury. Keywords: Suicidal, Self-injury, Continuous...

scholarly journals Momentary interpersonal processes of suicidal surges in borderline personality disorder

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Kaurin ◽  
Alexandre Y. Dombrovski ◽  
Michael N. Hallquist ◽  
Aidan G. C. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Interpersonal Processes ◽  
Interpersonal Perceptions ◽  
Affective Dysregulation ◽  
Assessment Protocol ◽  
Suicidal Crisis

Abstract Background Suicide rates are high in borderline personality disorder (BPD) where interpersonal problems trigger intense affective dysregulation and impulses to act on suicidal thoughts. To date, however, no study has examined how interpersonal stressors contribute to momentary within-person links among affect and impulsivity with suicidal ideation (SI), and how those links vary over time in people's daily lives. Methods A total of 153 individuals diagnosed with BPD and 52 healthy controls completed a 21-day ecological momentary assessment protocol. Of these 153 individuals with BPD, 105 had a history of suicide attempts. Multilevel structural equation modeling was used to examine dynamic links among interpersonal perceptions, affect, state impulsivity, and suicidal intent. Results Aggregated across interactions, lower perceived warmth in others was associated with SI. This direct relationship, however, did not extend to momentary within-person associations. Instead, interpersonal conflicts were linked to SI indirectly via greater negative affect and lower positive affect. While a robust within-person link between interpersonal perceptions and impulsivity emerged, impulsivity did not account for the relationship between interpersonal perceptions and SI. Conclusion This intensive longitudinal study illustrates momentary interpersonal signatures of an emerging suicidal crisis. Among people with BPD at high risk for suicide, interpersonal triggers initiate a cascade of affective dysregulation, which in turn gives rise to SI.

scholarly journals Daily Suicidal Surge and Attempted Suicide in Borderline Personality Disorder

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Kaurin ◽  
Alexandre Dombrovski ◽  
Michael Hallquist ◽  
Aidan G.C. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Assessment Protocol ◽  
History Of

Suicidality is a defining feature of borderline personality disorder (BPD), yet little work has accounted for why only a small subset of those that have thoughts of suicide, commit suicide. In this study we compared early stage suicidal crises, where affective disturbance is linked to suicidal ideation at the within-person level (i.e., suicidal surges) across suicide attempters and non-attempters. We used multilevel structural equation modeling to test the hypothesis that a history of attempted suicide predicts a stronger dynamic link of daily affect and impulsivity with suicidal ideation. 141 patients diagnosed with BPD, 97 of which had a history of medically serious suicide attempts, and 52 healthy controls completed a 21-day ecological momentary assessment protocol (N=3790 days). All models suggested that people generally experiencing more negative and less positive affect and high in impulsivity, also tend to ideate more about suicide on average. Moreover, within-person associations of negative and positive affect with suicidal ideation (i.e., suicidal surges) were greater among attempters in comparison to non-attempters, and healthy controls. This suggests that the diathesis for suicidal behavior is expressed in the dynamic processes linking affect and suicidal ideation. Because these within-person links were amplified in attempters compared to non-attempters, suicidal surges may index specific, potentially lethal, processes that generalize beyond BPD and may have clinical value as predictors of suicidal risk.

scholarly journals Borderline Personality Symptoms: What Not to Be Overlooked when Approaching Suicidal Ideation among University Students

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1399
Author(s):  
Nahathai Wongpakaran ◽  
Awirut Oon-Arom ◽  
Nuntaporn Karawekpanyawong ◽  
Trustsavin Lohanan ◽  
Thanakorn Leesawat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
University Students ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional

Suicidal ideation is a serious condition antecedent to suicidal attempts and is highly related not only to depression but also other psychosocial factors. This study aimed to examine the predictive effects of these potential factors for suicidal ideation among young adult university students. A cross-sectional survey was conducted on a sample of university students in Thailand. An online questionnaire employed the perceived stress scale-10 (PSS-10), the patient health questionnaire-8 (PHQ-8), the multidimensional scale of perceived social support (MSPSS), and a screening instrument for borderline personality disorder. An ordinal regression analysis was applied to determine the predictive effects of the independent variables. Of 336 students, the mean age was 20.26 ± 1.3 years, 80.4% of whom were female; 14.3% had suicidal ideation. The significant predictors of suicidal thoughts were perceived stress (AOR 1.11, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.22); depressive symptoms (AOR 1.16, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.22); borderline personality symptoms (AOR 1.19, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.40); and perceived social support (AOR 0.97, 95% CI 0.94 to 1.00). Not only did depressive symptoms contribute to suicidal ideation but they also constituted important variables. Therefore, they should be included in intervention plans to prevent suicidality among university students.

Crime Victimization and Suicidal Ideation Among Colombian College Students: The Role of Depressive Symptoms, Familism, and Social Support

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 1367-1388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha I. Zapata Roblyer ◽  
Sonia Betancourth Zambrano
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
College Students ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Process Analysis ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Crime Victimization ◽  
Cross Sectional

Crime victimization is one of the most pressing public health concerns in Latin America. Young people in the region are at particularly high risk of victimization. The present study examined exposure to crime victimization as a risk factor for depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation, and the protective effects of familism and social support in a community sample of Colombian college students. Data ( N = 424) came from the Juventud Project (The Emergent Adults Project), a cross-sectional study of college students, 18 to 29 years old ( M = 20.8, SD = 2.5; 63% female; 75.5% lived with their families), attending an urban public university in Southern Colombia. Data were collected between March and June of 2014 through anonymous, self-administered surveys. Conditional process analysis was used to test a model in which crime victimization was directly and indirectly associated with suicidal ideation via depressive symptoms, with familism and social support as moderators of this association while controlling for gender, age, and socioeconomic status. Overall, 58.9% of participants reported at least one crime victimization event in the past year. The most common types of victimization were being robbed without the threat of harm (29.8%) and being robbed with a weapon (24.8%). Male participants reported more instances of crime victimization than female participants. Levels of depressive symptoms that could be clinically significant were reported by 30.2% of participants, and suicidal ideation was reported by 31% of participants. The association between crime victimization and suicidal ideation was fully mediated by depressive symptoms. Social support, but not familism, moderated this association; social support weakened the link between depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation. Findings suggest that crime victimization may be a significant risk for depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation among college students in Colombia, and that social support may protect from the harmful mental health effects of crime victimization.

Depressed Multiple-Suicide­Attempters – A High-Risk Phenotype

Crisis ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 367-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leo Sher ◽  
Michael F. Grunebaum ◽  
Ainsley K. Burke ◽  
Sadia Chaudhury ◽  
J. John Mann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Suicide Attempters ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
Suicide Intent ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Abstract. Background: There is compelling evidence that suicide attempts are among the strongest predictors of suicide and future suicide attempts. Aim: This study aimed to examine psychopathology in multiple-suicide attempters. Method: We compared the demographic and clinical features of three groups: depressed patients without a history of suicide attempts (non-attempters), depressed patients with a history of one to three suicide attempts (attempters), and depressed patients with a history of four or more suicide attempts (multiple attempters). Results: We found that attempters and multiple attempters had higher levels of depression, hopelessness, aggression, hostility, and impulsivity and were more likely to have borderline personality disorder and family history of major depression or alcohol use disorder compared with non-attempters, but did not differ between each other on these measures. Multiple attempters had greater suicidal ideation at study entry and were more likely to have family history of suicide attempt compared with attempters. Importantly, multiple attempters had greater suicide intent at the time of the most medically serious suicide attempt and more serious medical consequences during their most medically serious suicide attempt compared with attempters. Limitations: The cross-sectional design of the study. Conclusion: Our data suggest that multiple-suicide attempters require careful evaluation as their behavior can have serious medical consequences.

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