scholarly journals A Survey on Artificial Intelligence Overview

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aggarwal AJuhi ◽  
Shailesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Computer Vision ◽  
Expert System ◽  
Pattern Matching ◽  
Machine Intelligence ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Matching Method ◽  
System P ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Computational Relationship

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the branch of computer science concerned with the study and creation of computer of computer system are more intelligence than human. Artificial Intelligence programmed by the human beings. We can increase the AI’s capabilities by the supervised and unsupervised teaching. Artificial Intelligence works with pattern matching method which attempts to describe objects, events or process in terms of their qualitative features, logical and computational relationship. AI can also be used to make predications in future. Artificial Intelligence helps people to make their tasks easily and efficiently. Intelligence is the way of thinking and acting upon the environment, this might depend upon the the programming. There is huge difference on the Natural Intelligence (NI), Machine Intelligence (MI) and Artificial Intelligence. There is wide range of application for that ranges from computer vision to expert system.

Artificial intelligence, explanations, trust, responsibility, and justice

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald M. Baecker
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Machine Intelligence ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
News Stories ◽  
The Neural Networks ◽  
Successful Approach ◽  
Smart Cars ◽  
Year 2000

There have been several challenges to our view of our position and purpose as human beings. The scientist Charles Darwin’s research demonstrated evolutionary links between man and other animals. Psychoanalysis founder Sigmund Freud illuminated the power of the subconscious. Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) have challenged our identity as the species with the greatest ability to think. Whether machines can now ‘think’ is no longer interesting. What is important is to critically consider the degree to which they are called upon to make decisions and act in significant and often life-critical situations. We have already discussed the increasing roles of AI in intelligent tutoring, medicine, news stories and fake news, autonomous weapons, smart cars, and automation. Chapter 11 focuses on other ways in which our lives are changing because of advances in AI, and the accompanying opportunities and risks. AI has seen a paradigm shift since the year 2000. Prior to this, the focus was on knowledge representation and the modelling of human expertise in particular domains, in order to develop expert systems that could solve problems and carry out rudimentary tasks. Now, the focus is on the neural networks capable of machine learning (ML). The most successful approach is deep learning, whereby complex hierarchical assemblies of processing elements ‘learn’ using millions of samples of training data. They can then often make correct decisions in new situations. We shall also present a radical, and for most of us a scary, concept of AI with no limits—the technological singularity or superintelligence. Even though superintelligence is for now sciencefiction, humanity is asking if there is any limit to machine intelligence. We shall therefore discuss the social and ethical consequences of widespread use of ML algorithms. It is helpful in this analysis to better understand what intelligence is, so we present two insightful formulations of the concept developed by renowned psychologists.

A Comprehensive Study on Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Machine Intelligence

2021 ◽  
pp. 203-222
Author(s):  
Nagadevi Darapureddy ◽  
Muralidhar Kurni ◽  
Saritha K.
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Computer Vision ◽  
Machine Intelligence ◽  
Ethical Problems ◽  
Economic Impact Assessment ◽  
The Social ◽  
Learning Capabilities ◽  
Increase Productivity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Robotics

Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to science-generating devices with functions like reasoning, thinking, learning, and planning. A robot is an intelligent artificial machine capable of sensing and interacting with its environment utilizing integrated sensors or computer vision. In the present day, AI has become a more familiar presence in robotic resolutions, introducing flexibility and learning capabilities. A robot with AI provides new opportunities for industries to produce work safer, save valuable time, and increase productivity. Economic impact assessment and awareness of the social, legal, and ethical problems of robotics and AI are essential to optimize the advantages of these innovations while minimizing adverse effects. The impact of AI and robots affects healthcare, manufacturing, transport, and jobs in logistics, security, retail, agri-food, and construction. The chapter outlines the vision of AI, robot's timeline, highlighting robot's limitations, hence embedding AI to robotic real-world applications to get an optimized solution.

scholarly journals Meta- Synthesis on Artificial Intelligence (AI): Imperatives for Branding

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 2251-2255
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Brand Equity ◽  
Brand Management ◽  
Brand Identity ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Smart Product ◽  
Brand Promotion

Customers Can Establish 85% Of Their Relationship With The Organisations Without Interacting With A Human (Gartner Predicts, 2011). This Is Possible When The Machines Think And Act Like Humans. Artificial Intelligence (AI) Produces The Machines So That They Can Think & Act Like Human Beings. AI Has A Wide Range Of Applications But This Research Confines To AI Prospects And Implications On Brand Management. This Paper Aims To Identify Which AI Technologies Are Impacting Brand Identity; Explores AI Applications In Brand Promotions; And Investigates The Influence Of AI On Brand Equity. Meta Synthesis Was Used And The Major Findings Of The Research Include: AI Can Redefine The Brand Identity Framework (Smart Product, Smart Organisation, Brand Character And Symbols). Artificial Intelligence Optimizes The Brand Promotion And Reformulates The Brand Equity Factors.

Human-Like Machine Intelligence

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Machine Intelligence ◽  
Funding Agency ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Third Wave ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The Third ◽  
Algorithmic Approaches

In recent years there has been increasing excitement concerning the potential of Artificial Intelligence to transform human society. This book addresses the leading edge of research in this area. The research described aims to address present incompatibilities of Human and Machine reasoning and learning approaches. According to the influential US funding agency DARPA (originator of the Internet and Self-Driving Cars) this new area represents the Third Wave of Artificial Intelligence (3AI, 2020s–2030s), and is being actively investigated in the US, Europe and China. The EPSRC’s UK network on Human-Like Computing (HLC) was one of the first internationally to initiate and support research specifically in this area. Starting activities in 2018, the network represents around sixty leading UK groups Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Scientists involved in the development of the inter-disciplinary area of HLC. The research of network groups aims to address key unsolved problems at the interface between Psychology and Computer Science. The chapters of this book have been authored by a mixture of these UK and other international specialists based on recent workshops and discussions at the Machine Intelligence 20 and 21 workshops (2016,2019) and the Third Wave Artificial Intelligence workshop (2019). Some of the key questions addressed by the Human-Like Computing programme include how AI systems might 1) explain their decisions effectively, 2) interact with human beings in natural language, 3) learn from small numbers of examples and 4) learn with minimal supervision. Solving such fundamental problems involves new foundational research in both the Psychology of perception and interaction as well as the development of novel algorithmic approaches in Artificial Intelligence.

On Abstract Intelligence

2012 ◽  
pp. 14-31
Author(s):  
Yingxu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Formal Model ◽  
Machine Intelligence ◽  
Human Intelligence ◽  
Engineering Applications ◽  
Measurement Framework ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Intelligence Theories ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Intelligent Quotient

Abstract intelligence is a human enquiry of both natural and artificial intelligence at the reductive embodying levels of neural, cognitive, functional, and logical from the bottom up. This paper describes the taxonomy and nature of intelligence. It analyzes roles of information in the evolution of human intelligence, and the needs for logical abstraction in modeling the brain and natural intelligence. A formal model of intelligence is developed known as the Generic Abstract Intelligence Mode (GAIM), which provides a foundation to explain the mechanisms of advanced natural intelligence such as thinking, learning, and inferences. A measurement framework of intelligent capability of humans and systems is comparatively studied in the forms of intelligent quotient, intelligent equivalence, and intelligent metrics. On the basis of the GAIM model and the abstract intelligence theories, the compatibility of natural and machine intelligence is revealed in order to investigate into a wide range of paradigms of abstract intelligence such as natural, artificial, machinable intelligence, and their engineering applications.

scholarly journals SISTEM PAKAR PENDIAGNOSA PENYAKIT GINJAL

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
Luther Latumakulita ◽  
Chriestie E. J. C. Montolalu
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Computer Vision ◽  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Expert System ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Natural Language ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Neural System ◽  
Development Environment ◽  
Microsoft Access

Sistem pakar merupakan salah satu cabang kecerdasan buatan yang mempelajari bagaimana meniru cara berpikir seorang pakar dalam menyelesaikan suatu permasalahan. Kecerdasan buatan adalah salah satu bidang ilmu komputer yang mendayagunakan komputer sehingga dapat berperilaku cerdas seperti manusia. Ilmu komputer mengembangkan perangkat lunak dan perangkat keras untuk menirukan tindakan manusia. Aktifitas manusia yang ditirukan seperti penalaran, penglihatan, pembelajaran, pemecahan masalah, pemahaman bahasa alami, dan sebagainya. Sesuai definisi, teknologi kecerdasan buatan dipelajari dalam bidang-bidang seperti Robotika (Robotics), Penglihatan Komputer (Computer Vision), Pengolahan Bahasa Alami (Natural Language Processing), Pengenalan Pola (Pattern Recognition), Sistem Syaraf Buatan (Artificial Neural System), Pengenalan Suara (Speech Recognition), dan Sistem pakar (Expert System). Sistem pakar terdiri 2 bagian pokok, yaitu lingkungan pengembangan (development environment) digunakan sebagai pembangun sistem pakar baik dari segi pembangun komponen maupun basis pengetahuan dan lingkungan konsultasi (consultation environment)digunakan oleh seseorang yang bukan ahli untuk berkonsultasi. Lingkungan pengembangan digunakan oleh ES builder untuk membangun komponen dan memasukan penetahuan kedalam basis pengetahuan. Aplikasi Sistem Pakar ini adalah merupakan paket perangkat lunak yang membahas bagaimana cara untuk mendeteksi penyakit ginjal pada manusia. Sistem pakar pendeteksi penyakit ginjal pada manusia ini terdiri atas 2 bagian yaitu : Lingkungan Konsultasi (Development environment) dan Lingkungan Pengembangan (Consultation environment). Bahasa pemrograman yang digunakan untuk membuat aplikasi system pakar ini Microsoft Visual Studio 6.0 dengan databasenya menggunakan Microsoft Access 2003. sesuai dengan bahasa pemrograman yang digunakan maka interface yang akan ditampilkan dalam memberikan informasi bagi user akan berbentuk visual. EXPERT SYSTEM FOR KIDNEY DISEASE DIAGNOSISABSTRACTExpert System (ES) is an artifial intelligence which aplicate a profesional’s way of think in solving a problem. Artificial intelligence is a computer field which move computer to operate as smart as human brain. This computer science develop software and hardware to act like a human. Human activities which modify such as reasoning, vision, learning, problem solving, natural language, etc. Base on that definition, artificial intelligence technologi were improved in many fields such as Robotics, Computer Vision, Natural Language Processing, Pattern Recognition, Artificial Neural System, Speech Recognition, and Expert System. Expert System consist of two main fields: development environment used as expert system builder in component builder and also knowledge base, and consultation builder used by a person who has not ability in in consultation. Development environment used by ES builder to build component and input knowledge in to the knowledge base. This Expert System Aplication is a software sistem, which improve the aplication to detect kidney disease for human. Expert System detection of kidney disease for human consists of two parts: Development environment and Consultation environment.Programming language, which used to build this Expert System aplication, is Microsoft Visual Studio 6.0 with database Microsoft Access 2003. Base on the language programming used, then the interface, to give the information for user, will be shown in visual.

scholarly journals Human-Competitive Machine Intelligence by Means of Genetic Algorithms

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Koza
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Genetic Programming ◽  
Computer Programs ◽  
Electrical Circuit ◽  
Machine Intelligence ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Placement And Routing ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Given

The subtitle of John Holland's pioneering 1975 book Adaptation in Natural and Artificial Systems correctly anticipated that the genetic algorithm described in that book would have "applications to.. .artificial intelligence." When the entities in the evolving population are computer programs, Holland's genetic algorithm can be used to perform the task of searching the space of computer programs for a program that solves, or approximately solves, a problem. This variation of the genetic algorithm (called genetic programming) enables the genetic algorithm to address the long-standing challenge of getting a computer to solve a problem without explicitly programming it. Specifically, this challenge calls for an automatic system whose input is a high-level statement of a problem's requirements and whose output is a satisfactory solution to the given problem. Paraphrasing Arthur Samuel [33], this challenge concerns "How can computers be made to do what needs to be done, without being told exactly how to do it?" This challenge is the common goal of such fields of research as artificial intelligence and machine learning. Arthur Samuel [32] offered one measure for success in this pursuit, namely "The aim [is].. .to get machines to exhibit behavior, which if done by humans, would be assumed to involve the use of intelligence." Since a problem can generally be recast as a search for a computer program, genetic programming can potentially solve a wide range of problems, including problems of control, classification, system identification, and design. Section 2 describes genetic programming. Section 3 states what we mean when we say that an automatically created solution to a problem is competitive with the product of human creativity. Section 4 discusses the illustrative problem of automatically synthesizing both the topology and sizing for an analog electrical circuit. Section 5 discusses the problem of automatically determining the placement and routing (while simultaneously synthesizing the topology and sizing) of an electrical circuit. Section 6 discusses the problem of automatically synthesizing both the topology and tuning for a controller. Section 7 discusses the importance of illogic in achieving creativity and inventiveness.

scholarly journals Knowledge Discovery from Medical Data and Development of an Expert System in Immunology

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 695
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Pac ◽  
Irina Mikutskaya ◽  
Jan Mulawka
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Data Mining ◽  
Expert System ◽  
Expert Systems ◽  
Knowledge Discovery ◽  
Experimental Verification ◽  
Medical Data ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bruton’S Disease

Artificial intelligence is one of the fastest-developing areas of science that covers a remarkably wide range of problems to be solved. It has found practical application in many areas of human activity, also in medicine. One of the directions of cooperation between computer science and medicine is to assist in diagnosing and proposing treatment methods with the use of IT tools. This study is the result of collaboration with the Children’s Memorial Health Institute in Warsaw, from where a database containing information about patients suffering from Bruton’s disease was made available. This is a rare disorder, difficult to detect in the first months of life. It is estimated that one in 70,000 to 90,000 children will develop Bruton’s disease. But even these few cases need detailed attention from doctors. Based on the data contained in the database, data mining was performed. During this process, knowledge was discovered that was presented in a way that is understandable to the user, in the form of decision trees. The best models obtained were used for the implementation of expert systems. Based on the data introduced by the user, the system conducts expertise and determines the severity of the course of the disease or the severity of the mutation. The CLIPS language was used for developing the expert system. Then, using this language, software was developed producing six expert systems. In the next step, experimental verification was performed, which confirmed the correctness of the developed systems.

A Mobile Phone-Based Expert System for Disease Diagnosis

2013 ◽  
pp. 220-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olufemi Moses Oyelami
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Expert System ◽  
Expert Systems ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Computer Literacy ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Machine Intelligence ◽  
Web Based ◽  
The World

Medicine is one of the areas that has benefited from the use of artificial intelligence since the advent of machine intelligence. Different expert systems for diagnosing diseases have been developed; however, they are either standalone or Web-based systems. This puts a vast majority of Africans in general and Nigerians in particular at a disadvantage, because of computer literacy, accessibility, and usage are very low in this region of the world. Recent advances in the capabilities of mobile phones and increased usage, however, have opened up new opportunities for innovative and complex applications that can be accessed via mobile phones. This chapter presents a disease diagnosis system that can be accessed via mobile phones to cater to the needs of the vast majority of users in places where healthcare is inadequate.

TOWARDS ADVANCED DEVELOPMENT OF CYBORG INTELLIGENCE

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-211
Author(s):  
Dewi Agushinta R ◽  
Fiena Rindani ◽  
Antonius Angga Kurniawan ◽  
Elevanita Anggari ◽  
Rizky Akbar
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Cognitive Architecture ◽  
Sensory Information ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
Machine Intelligence ◽  
Scientific Model ◽  
Neural Signals ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Robot Tasks ◽  
Intelligence Development

The creation of machines with human intelligence is an primary and beneficial aim of artificial intelligence research. One interesting method in developing artificial intelligence is combining a biological method and machine intelligence. Cyborg Intelligence is a new scientific model for the integration of biological and machinery. Brain Machine Interface (BMI) provides an opportunity to integrate both intelligence at various levels. Based on BMI, neural signals can be read for the control of motor actuators and sensory information coding machine can be sent to a specific area of the brain. In fact, Distributed Adaptive Control Theory of Mind and Brain technology is the most advanced brain-based cognitive architecture successfully applied in a wide range of robot tasks. It is expected that by analyzing the cyborg intelligence development can help and facilitate to enhance the knowledge of cyborg intelligence.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document