The rise of real drive emission to mitigate difference of lab tests and on-road emission

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S M Ashrafur Rahman ◽  
I.M.R. Fattah ◽  
TM Indra Mahlia ◽  
Fajle Rabbi Ashik ◽  
Mohammad Mahmudul Hassan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Vehicle Emissions ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Exhaust Emission ◽  
Test Drive ◽  
The Real ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Certification Procedure ◽  
Control Technologies ◽  
Light Duty Vehicles

Air pollution caused by vehicle emissions has drawn serious concern about public health. Vehicle emissions generally depend on many factors viz. nature of the vehicle, driving style, traffic conditions, emission control technologies, and operational conditions. There is an increasing concern about the certification cycles used by various regulatory authorities. This is due to the fact that exhaust emission certification procedure is carried out in chassis dynamometer for light-duty vehicles and in engine dynamometer for heavy-duty vehicles under laboratory conditions. As a result, the test drive cycles used to measure the vehicle emissions do not represent the real-world driving pattern of the vehicle. Consequently, the Real Driving Emissions (RDE) legislation is being introduced gradually to reduce the gap between type-approval vehicle emissions results and those in the real-world. To measure the key pollutants during driving vehicles are fitted with Portable Emission Measuring Systems (PEMS) that monitors those in real-time. The inclusion of RDE provisions to certification procedure will have a positive influence on the overall air quality of the world.

scholarly journals State-of-the-Art of Establishing Test Procedures for Real Driving Gaseous Emissions from Light- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4195
Author(s):  
S. M. Ashrafur Rahman ◽  
I. M. Rizwanul Fattah ◽  
Hwai Chyuan Ong ◽  
Fajle Rabbi Ashik ◽  
Mohammad Mahmudul Hassan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Vehicle Emissions ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Test Procedures ◽  
Test Drive ◽  
Automotive Emissions ◽  
Certification Procedure ◽  
Heavy Duty Vehicles

Air pollution caused by vehicle emissions has raised serious public health concerns. Vehicle emissions generally depend on many factors, such as the nature of the vehicle, driving style, traffic conditions, emission control technologies, and operational conditions. Concerns about the certification cycles used by various regulatory authorities are growing due to the difference in emission during certification procedure and Real Driving Emissions (RDE). Under laboratory conditions, certification tests are performed in a ‘chassis dynamometer’ for light-duty vehicles (LDVs) and an ‘engine dynamometer’ for heavy-duty vehicles (HDVs). As a result, the test drive cycles used to measure the automotive emissions do not correctly reflect the vehicle’s real-world driving pattern. Consequently, the RDE regulation is being phased in to reduce the disparity between type approval and vehicle’s real-world emissions. According to this review, different variables such as traffic signals, driving dynamics, congestions, altitude, ambient temperature, and so on have a major influence on actual driving pollution. Aside from that, cold-start and hot-start have been shown to have an effect on on-road pollution. Contrary to common opinion, new technology such as start-stop systems boost automotive emissions rather than decreasing them owing to unfavourable conditions from the point of view of exhaust emissions and exhaust after-treatment systems. In addition, the driving dynamics are not represented in the current laboratory-based test procedures. As a result, it is critical to establish an on-road testing protocol to obtain a true representation of vehicular emissions and reduce emissions to a standard level. The incorporation of RDE clauses into certification procedures would have a positive impact on global air quality.

Analysis of emissions from various driving cycles based on real driving measurements obtained in a high-altitude city

2020 ◽  
Vol 234 (6) ◽  
pp. 1563-1571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Lyu ◽  
Xiaofeng Bao ◽  
Yunjing Wang ◽  
Ronald Matthews
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Real World ◽  
Vehicle Emissions ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Driving Cycle ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Test Cycle ◽  
Light Duty ◽  
And Control ◽  
Light Duty Vehicles

Vehicle emissions standards and regulations remain weak in high-altitude regions. In this study, vehicle emissions from both the New European Driving Cycle and the Worldwide harmonized Light-duty driving Test Cycle were analyzed by employing on-road test data collected from typical roads in a high-altitude city. On-road measurements were conducted on five light-duty vehicles using a portable emissions measurement system. The certification cycle parameters were synthesized from real-world driving data using the vehicle specific power methodology. The analysis revealed that under real-world driving conditions, all emissions were generally higher than the estimated values for both the New European Driving Cycle and Worldwide harmonized Light-duty driving Test Cycle. Concerning emissions standards, more CO, NOx, and hydrocarbons were emitted by China 3 vehicles than by China 4 vehicles, whereas the CO2 emissions exhibited interesting trends with vehicle displacement and emissions standards. These results have potential implications for policymakers in regard to vehicle emissions management and control strategies aimed at emissions reduction, fleet inspection, and maintenance programs.

Evaluating the Ability of Global Positioning System Receivers to Measure a Real-World Operating Mode for Emissions Research

2005 ◽  
Vol 1941 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Jackson ◽  
Lisa Aultman-Hall ◽  
Britt A. Holmén ◽  
Jianhe Du
Keyword(s):  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Real World ◽  
Vehicle Emissions ◽  
Transportation Network ◽  
Operating Mode ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Gps Receivers ◽  
The Real ◽  
Acceleration Data ◽  
Global Positioning

This paper evaluates the ability of Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers to determine accurately the second-by-second operating mode of a vehicle in the real-world transportation network. GPS offers the ability to obtain second-by-second velocity directly and to obtain acceleration data indirectly from a vehicle traveling in the real-world traffic network. Although GPS has been used successfully in travel behavior and route choice surveys, the uncertainty in accuracy of velocity and acceleration data obtained from the GPS warrants further investigation to gain a better understanding of the range and spatial distribution of vehicle emissions. In this study, data from two GPS receivers and a ScanTool were collected over five repetitions of a 65-mi route. The results indicate that GPS receivers perform as well as the ScanTool when measuring velocity. Furthermore, the GPS receivers determined the 1-s operating mode of the vehicle successfully when measured against the ScanTool. These results will aid in the future development of vehicle emissions models and allow for an analysis of real-world emissions based on real-world operating mode data.

scholarly journals Exhaust emissions of an LPG powered vehicle in real operating conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 100 ◽  
pp. 00053
Author(s):  
Jerzy Merkisz ◽  
Dawid Gallas ◽  
Maciej Siedlecki ◽  
Natalia Szymlet ◽  
Barbara Sokolnicka
Keyword(s):  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Exhaust Emission ◽  
Passenger Vehicle ◽  
Test Drive ◽  
The Real ◽  
Emission Limits ◽  
Test Requirements

The paper contains exhaust emission results for an RDE test drive of a passenger vehicle with a spark ignition bi-fuel engine fuelled with LPG. The tests were performed in accordance with the RDE test requirements, and their results were compared to the emission limits of the applicable EURO norm. The aim of the paper is to investigate the discrepancies in the real exhaust emissions between the gasoline-specific emission norms and real values from vehicle use when powered by LPG.

Analysis of Driving Cycles for Emission Test of Light-Duty Vehicles in China

2012 ◽  
Vol 616-618 ◽  
pp. 1154-1160
Author(s):  
Jin Lin Xue
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Gasoline Engine ◽  
The Real ◽  
Driving Behaviors ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Driving Cycles ◽  
Driving Pattern ◽  
Light Duty ◽  
Light Duty Vehicles ◽  
The Impact

The driving cycles employed to measure the emissions from automotive vehicles should adequately represent the real-world driving pattern of the vehicle to provide the most realistic estimation of emissions levels. The driving cycles used for light-duty gasoline engine vehicles in China were reviewed in this paper firstly. Then the impact of various factors, such as driving behaviors, driving conditions, road conditions, traffic conditions, on real-world emission levels were analyzed. Finally, the shortages of the existing driving cycles were pointed out. It can be concluded that the emissions levels from automotive vehicles are underestimated because of the characteristics of the existing drive cycles, so it is urgent to research and develop new driving cycles to fit the situation of China.

scholarly journals Estimation of Real-World Fuel Consumption Rate of Light-Duty Vehicles Based on the Records Reported by Vehicle Owners

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (23) ◽  
pp. 7915
Author(s):  
Isabella Yunfei Zeng ◽  
Shiqi Tan ◽  
Jianliang Xiong ◽  
Xuesong Ding ◽  
Yawen Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Real World ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
The Real ◽  
Fuel Consumption Rate ◽  
Light Gradient ◽  
Light Duty ◽  
Light Duty Vehicle ◽  
Light Duty Vehicles ◽  
Engine Power

Private vehicle travel is the most basic mode of transportation, so that an effective way to control the real-world fuel consumption rate of light-duty vehicles plays a vital role in promoting sustainable economic growth as well as achieving a green low-carbon society. Therefore, the factors impacting individual carbon emissions must be elucidated. This study builds five different models to estimate the real-world fuel consumption rate of light-duty vehicles in China. The results reveal that the light gradient boosting machine (LightGBM) model performs better than the linear regression, naïve Bayes regression, neural network regression, and decision tree regression models, with a mean absolute error of 0.911 L/100 km, a mean absolute percentage error of 10.4%, a mean square error of 1.536, and an R-squared (R2) value of 0.642. This study also assesses a large pool of potential factors affecting real-world fuel consumption, from which the three most important factors are extracted, namely, reference fuel-consumption-rate value, engine power, and light-duty vehicle brand. Furthermore, a comparative analysis reveals that the vehicle factors with the greatest impact are the vehicle brand, engine power, and engine displacement. The average air pressure, average temperature, and sunshine time are the three most important climate factors.

Impact factors of the real-world fuel consumption rate of light duty vehicles in China

Energy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 190 ◽  
pp. 116388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tian Wu ◽  
Xiao Han ◽  
M. Mocarlo Zheng ◽  
Xunmin Ou ◽  
Hongbo Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Real World ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
The Real ◽  
Fuel Consumption Rate ◽  
Light Duty ◽  
Light Duty Vehicles

Automotive test drive cycles for emission measurement and real-world emission levels-a review

2002 ◽  
Vol 216 (7) ◽  
pp. 555-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Samuel ◽  
L Austin ◽  
D Morrey
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Real World ◽  
Gasoline Engine ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vehicle Design ◽  
Emission Measurement ◽  
Test Drive ◽  
The Real ◽  
Mode Of Operation ◽  
The Impact

The emission levels produced by any vehicle are dependent on the mode of operation of the vehicle and technology behind the vehicle design. The test drive cycles employed to measure the emissions produced by vehicles should adequately represent the real-world driving pattern of the vehicle to provide the most realistic estimation of these levels. However, there is increasing concern about the representative drive cycles used by the various vehicle certification and regulatory authorities. This paper reviews the various drive cycles used for gasoline engine vehicles in Europe and the United States, and the impact of various factors and their influence on real-world emission levels. The proposed new drive cycles of the United States and Europe are considered. From the work reviewed, it can be concluded that the amount of pollutant levels from automotive vehicles are underestimated because of the characteristics of the existing drive cycles. While much work remains to be done with the development of new drive cycles to represent real-world driving patterns, some useful conclusions can be drawn regarding the impacts of the factors reviewed here. The impacts of the factors reviewed in this paper can be characterized to improve estimations and simulations of the real-world emission levels of the vehicle.

Development of Operating Mode Distribution Models for Light-Duty Vehicles on Unrestricted Access Roadways

2020 ◽  
Vol 2674 (10) ◽  
pp. 416-428
Author(s):  
Jia Li ◽  
Hanhui He ◽  
Bo Peng
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Operating Mode ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Trajectory Data ◽  
Average Speed ◽  
The Real ◽  
Light Duty ◽  
Unrestricted Access ◽  
Data Points ◽  
Light Duty Vehicles

The key correlating traffic variable for modeling vehicle emissions has evolved from average speed to vehicle-specific power (VSP), and recently to operating mode as defined in Motor Vehicle Emission Simulator (MOVES). The analysis of operating mode and its distribution, however, requires a large amount of data and is time consuming and challenging. This paper attempts to build models between the operating mode distributions and the common traffic variable—average speed—to facilitate the emission estimation. Focusing on light-duty vehicles and unrestricted access roadways, a floating car survey was conducted separately on arterials and collectors in Shaoshan, China. The trajectory data were processed to reveal the characteristics of operating mode distributions. A key finding is that, when the data points of the operating mode of idle are excluded, the VSP distributions of the remaining data points follow logistic distributions and the parameters can be linearly regressed with the average speed. Arterials and collectors feature different operating mode distributions even at the same average speed, and therefore different models were developed. The models were then applied to generate operating mode distributions, which were validated with the real-world data from the test bed and which, when compared with the default values generated by MOVES, fit the real-world condition better.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document