scholarly journals Cybersecurity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Veale ◽  
Ian Brown
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
National Security ◽  
Crisis Management ◽  
Data Security ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Policy Review ◽  
Internet Policy ◽  
System Data ◽  
Technical Terms

Cite as Michael Veale and Ian Brown (2020) 'Cybersecurity' 9(4) Internet Policy Review Cybersecurity covers the broad range of technical and social issues that must be considered to protect networked information systems. The importance of the concept has increased as so many government, business, and day-to-day activities globally have moved online. It has been increasingly referred to in both academic and mainstream publications since 2003, in fields including software engineering, international relations, crisis management and public safety, slowly overtaking more technical terms such as computer/system/data security (popular in the 1970s/1980s) and information security (popular from the mid 1990s). But its strong association with national security and defence agencies, and disconnection from social science notions such as place, have led to concerns of inappropriate cyber securitisation of government programmes.

DATA SECURITY USING RC6 CIPHER ALGORITHM AS AN IMPLEMENTATION OF PRIVACY PRINCIPLE IN THE UU-ITE PERSPECTIVE AND ISLAMIC LAW

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dedy Agung Prabowo ◽  
Ujang Juhardi ◽  
Bambang Agus Herlambang
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Information System ◽  
Computer Technology ◽  
Data Security ◽  
Block Cipher ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Important Thing ◽  
Is Security ◽  
Privacy Principle ◽  
System Data

Recently, Information technology develops rapidly. It is possible for us to get some informationquickly, properly and efficiently. The information technology also has many advantages fo r people. Theneed for information is increasing according to the need of its users. This proves that informationtechnology can make our job easier and it can help us to save our time particularly for the job thatrelated to information and data processin g. With the increasing use of computer technology today, italso brings up some problems. One of them is security and confidentiality problem which is animportant aspect in an information system. Data security is an important thing in maintaining theconf identiality of particular data that only can be known by those who have right. RC6 is a symmetrickey algorithm which encrypts 128 bit plaintext blocks to 128 bit ciphertext blocks. The encryptionprocess involves four operations which is the critical arit hmetic operation of this block cipher. As alegal state, Indonesia has issued a regulation in a form of laws governing information and electronictransaction or commonly referred to UU ITE. Besides, Islam is a religion that comprehensively givesthe guidan ce of life for people. Islam has provided guidance in the various fields ranging from social,politics, economics and various other fields.

National Security and U.S. Immigration Policy, 1776–1790

2008 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robbie Totten
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
International Relations ◽  
National Security ◽  
Immigration Policy ◽  
Early Republic ◽  
Security Concerns ◽  
New Nation ◽  
The Military

An examination of U.S. immigration policy during the early Republic from a security perspective—a common analytical focus within the field of international relations—reveals the inadequacy of traditional economic and ideological interpretations. Security concerns, based on actual threats from Great Britain and Spain, permeated the arguments both for and against immigration. Those in favor of immigration hoped to strengthen the nation, primarily by providing soldiers and money for the military; those opposed to immigration feared that it would compromise national security by causing domestic unrest and exposing the new nation to espionage and terrorism. These issues are not unlike those that beset contemporary policymakers.

Why Talk Tough? Explaining Japanese Prime Ministers’ Proactiveness in National Defense Rhetoric

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Liu
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
National Security ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
Political Rhetoric ◽  
Threat Perception ◽  
National Defense ◽  
National Security Policy ◽  
Prime Ministers ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
External Threat

Abstract What explains variations in the proactiveness of Japanese Prime Ministers (PMs) toward national defense? Although the Japanese Constitution renounces the use of force, leaders sometimes speak assertively over national security. Drawing on competing international relations and Japanese foreign policy theories, this study seeks to quantitatively model and analyze predictors of political rhetoric in PMs’ speeches and statements from 2009 to 2019. Each statement is coded into four sets of binary dependent variables through content analysis and tested against five competing hypotheses. The main finding reveals that leaders become more likely to advocate for specifically assertive national security policy when Chinese vessel intrusion increases, but not when North Korea missile tests and aircraft scrambles increase. Instead of a diversionary use of words, an emboldening effect is evident in rhetoric that evokes responsibility in international defense, moderated by ruling government strength. The findings advance academic understandings of Japanese national security policy messaging and highlight the effect of external threat perception on political rhetoric.

scholarly journals Guns or Food: On Prioritizing National Security over Global Poverty Relief

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco García-Gibson
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
International Relations ◽  
National Security ◽  
Moral Duty ◽  
Global Poverty ◽  
Right To Life ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Poverty Relief ◽  
Moral Duties ◽  
International Anarchy

Political realists claim that international relations are in a state of anarchy, and therefore every state is allowed to disregard its moral duties towards other states and their inhabitants. Realists argue that complying with moral duties is simply too risky for a state’s national security. Political moralists convincingly show that realists exaggerate both the extent of international anarchy and the risks it poses to states who act morally. Yet moralists do not go far enough, since they do not question realism’s normative core: the claim that when national security is really at risk, states are allowed to disregard their moral duties. I contend that there is at least one moral duty that states should not disregard even if their inhabitants are at risk of death by military aggression: the duty to reduce extreme global poverty. The reason is that even granting that national security is about securing individuals’ right to life, global poverty relief is about that as well.

scholarly journals The Role of the UN Security Council in COVID-19 Crisis Management

2020 ◽  
pp. 105-122
Author(s):  
Svetlana Cebotari ◽  
Selena Stejaru
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Crisis Management ◽  
Interpersonal Relations ◽  
International System ◽  
Dynamic Evolution ◽  
Un Security Council ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

Currently, we experience a conditional reality imposed by the COVID19 pandemic, with both immediate and long-lasting repercussions on the international system and the behavior of each state. For this reason and because the new virus has a dynamic evolution in time and space, research of the impact of the new virus is needed not only from a biogenetic perspective but also in the context of other fields, including the international relations realm. The events we are witnessing at the present challenge to keep up with transformations taking place in the international arena, especially those in the field of virology. As epidemics over time, viruses that cause them to change and occur constantly remain only the fact that they will always influence not only interpersonal relations but impose conditions for new realities in the system of international relations. This article aims to highlight the main gaps in the work of the institution responsible for maintaining peace and security in the international arena, especially in the context of the COVID-19 crisis.

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