scholarly journals The Role of Vitamin D deficiency in COVID-19 related deaths in BAME, Obese and Other High-risk Categories

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eshani King
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Serum Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Tract Infections

It is now widely known that a disproportionate number of COVID-19 related mortalities in the UK have been in non-white, BAME populations [2]. The obese, diabetics, hypertensives and the elderly have also been disproportionately affected. BAME doctors account for 94% of total deaths of doctors but comprise 44% of doctors [1]. The suggestion that these deaths result from deprivation does not fit with the high numbers of deaths of doctors and others in higher socio-economic classes; there must be a different and perhaps more comprehensive explanation. This review examines the compelling body of evidence strongly implicating varying levels of serum vitamin D levels in the significantly disparate outcomes between different groups of people and between different countries. It explores the extent of vitamin D deficiency, highlighting countries and categories of people most likely to be deficient. It demonstrates that the UK suffers from exceptionally high levels of vitamin D deficiency with serum levels averaging only 20ng/ml, half the optimal level; It examines the strong body of existing evidence connecting vitamin D deficiency to increased respiratory tract infections highlighting the central epigenetic role of vitamin D in immune system responses during a respiratory tract infection with SARS-CoV-2; It reviews research flagging correlations between COVID-19 outcomes and vitamin D deficiency and studies providing the first direct evidence linking low vitamin D status with worse outcomes from COVID-19. Cautions regarding future trial designs and lack of evidence for toxicity concerns are both discussed. Current UK guidelines recommend 400 IU of vitamin D per day whereas 6,000-10,000 IU per day is required to maintain blood levels of 40ng/ml, widely accepted as being the level required to support immunity, optimal health, and reduction in all-cause mortality. The financial cost of vitamin D deficiency in the UK has been estimated at around £20 billion per annum.

P–662 Study on D-vitamin, AMH and insulin interrelation in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Coc. Lizarraga ◽  
S Lindenberg ◽  
G Juu. Almind ◽  
F Lindenberg
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Serum Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Group A ◽  
D Values ◽  
Group B

Abstract Study question Is vitamin D deficiency more prevalent in PCOS patients? Is there a link between vitamin D levels and metabolic status in PCOS subjects? Summary answer An inverse relationship between vitamin D levels and metabolic status was demonstrated and it is thought to be responsible of its pathogenesis. What is known already PCOS is a multifactorial condition, characterised by failure in oogenesis and anovulation. Obesity is a common condition linked to its clinical features and studies have reported inverse associations between BMI and severity of the condition. Furthermore, 67–85% of PCOS patients have vitamin D deficiency. Low levels of vitamin D have been found to be closely related to insulin resistance, obesity, or hyperandrogenism and there is a significant association between serum vitamin D levels and reproductive function. Other factors such as AMH have also been described as possibly involved in the pathophysiology. Study design, size, duration We performed a retrospective, analytical and observational study in the Copenhagen Fertility Center. Patients referred with cycle abnormalities, hirsutism, and infertility were evaluated. A total of 778 women were enrolled consecutively from January 2019 to October 2020. Subjects who had major medical disorders were excluded. We selected those in which vitamin D was measured in the baseline analysis selecting a total of 396 patients. The further analysis has been carried out from 100 randomly selected patients. Participants/materials, setting, methods Blood samples were drawn after overnight fasting. They were all assayed in the same laboratory. Biochemical parameters were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Same parameters were studied after dividing into vitamin D deficiency group or optimal levels using a multiple t-test. Correlation between variables was determined. Graphpad Prism program version 8 was used to perform the calculations. The level of statistical significance was set at P-value < 0.05. Main results and the role of chance A total of 100 subjects fulfilling the inclusion criteria were selected randomly from 396 PCOS women. Serum vitamin D concentrations were highly variable ranging from 16 nmol/L to 175 nmol/L. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was 24% and 41% of the subjects were classified as vitamin D insufficient. Only 35% of our patients had optimal vitamin D values. We compared data between the group with optimal values of vitamin D (Group A) versus the group with insufficient/deficient vitamin D values (Group B). We found statistical difference between groups in PTH values, being notably higher in group B compared with group A. Despite no statistically significant difference was obtained, it is important to highlight that the mean of SHBG was lower in group B and the mean of androstenedione, AMH, FAI and HOMA-IR were much higher in this group as well. Following the HOMA-IR criteria, 55% of patients had insulin resistance. Specifically, 26% had moderate insulin resistance and 29% severe insulin resistance. Levels of vitamin D were negatively correlated with FAI, AMH and HOMA-IR and positively correlated with HDL-Cholesterol and SHBG. Statistically significant differences were evidenced in the correlation between vitamin D and FAI and SHBG. Limitations, reasons for caution This is a retrospective observational study on a consecutive admitted patient group with a lack of a control group. Another limitation is the small sample size. It is difficult to generalize with other degrees of severity. We didn’t assess seasonal variability or if they were taking any vitamin D supplementation. Wider implications of the findings: Properly randomized clinical trials are mandatory to achieve more conclusive results about the role of vitamin D. Available evidence is promising but not sufficient to draw final conclusions. The aim is to better understand the pathophysiology of the condition and the factors involved and to find new target treatments. Trial registration number 1

scholarly journals Role Of Vitamin D And Adipose Tissue Hormones In Women With Reproductive Disorders

Folia Medica ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
Presiyana V. Nyagolova ◽  
Mitko D. Mitkov ◽  
Maria M. Orbetsova
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Reproductive Disorders ◽  
Serum Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The role of vitamin D beyond that it plays in bone metabolism and calcium homeostasis has been lately quite emphasized. In this respect, vitamin D deficiency has been associated with higher risk of cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, and reproductive disorders. Growing evidence has suggested that vitamin D deficiency is implicated in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and the development of metabolic disorders in the polycystic ovary syndrome. The goal of the review is to present contemporary concepts of the relationship between hormones affecting the metabolic body status, serum vitamin D levels and the reproductive function.

scholarly journals Serum vitamin D concentration in acute lower respiratory tract infection in infants: a case control study from Northern India

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 1772
Author(s):  
Parvez Ahmed ◽  
Javeed Iqbal Bhat ◽  
Shilakha Chaman ◽  
Ambreen Ali Ahangar
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Serum Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Vitamin D insufficiency is believed to be the most common nutritional deficiency and one of the most undiagnosed medical conditions in this region. People across the world are becoming increasingly aware of the role played by vitamin D in health and disease, especially its role in immunity and its anti-infective role. The present study was conducted to study the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and severity of respiratory tract infections. To study the relation between serum vitamin D levels and severity of acute respiratory tract infections.Methods: 1-year prospective study from September 2014 to August 2015. Children from 1 month to 1 year of age participated in the study. Serum Vitamin D levels were measured in case group suffering from severe acute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRTI) and in a control group. The primary outcome variable was difference in serum vitamin D levels between case group and control group.Results: The median (IQR) age of cases and controls was 5.0 (4.75) months and 4.0 (4.0) months, respectively. There were no significant differences in baseline demographic and anthropometric parameters between the 2 groups.  The median vitamin D level in a case group was significantly lower compared with matched controls (p <0.05).Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency is an important independent risk factor for childhood pneumonia. We found a severe vitamin D deficiency of our infants suffering from severe acute lower respiratory tract infections. The deficiency was more prevalent in exclusive breast feed infants. 

Serum 25-OH Vitamin D Level in Psoriatic Patients and Comparison With Control Subjects

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Maleki ◽  
Yalda Nahidi ◽  
Sahar Azizahari ◽  
Naser Tayyebi Meibodi ◽  
Ali Hadianfar
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The Difference ◽  
25 Oh Vitamin D

Background: Vitamin D has been shown to have immunomodulatory effects, and previous studies have proposed a role of vitamin D deficiency in multiple autoimmune diseases, including psoriasis. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate serum vitamin D levels in psoriatic patients and compare them with levels in controls. Methods: This study was carried out in 50 psoriasis patients. Serum vitamin D was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: The mean serum vitamin D levels in psoriatic patients and controls were 14.92 ± 6.31 and 12.52 ± 4.54 ng/mL, respectively. The difference was not statistically significant ( P = .06). The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/mL) was 84.0% in psoriatic patients and 93.0% in controls ( P = .21). Conclusions: Most of the patients with psoriasis had vitamin D deficiency, which may have contributed to the evolution of their psoriasis. However, considering the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Iran, no difference was noted between the psoriatic patients and the controls.

scholarly journals STUDY OF VITAMIN D LEVELS IN MEN WITH PREMATURE ANDROGENETIC ALOPECIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-42
Author(s):  
Ashish Danane ◽  
Ganesh R. Mundhada ◽  
Sujata Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Androgenetic Alopecia ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Serum Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Levels

Androgenetic alopecia is common dermatological problem among the young to middle aged population.Androgenetic alopecia is labeled as 'premature' or 'Early' androgenetic alopecia when the onset of disease is before 30 years of age. There is very little data available regarding the role of vitamin D in the Premature androgenetic alopecia. Vitamin D deficiency is diagnosed when the levels of vitamin D in the serum is <30 ng/ml. This study focuses on establishing association between serum vitamin D levels and severity of premature androgenetic alopecia. Conclusion:Vitamin D plays a major role in premature onset of androgenetic alopecia.

scholarly journals Vitamin D deficiency as a predictor of severity in patients with COVID-19 infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 003685042110368
Author(s):  
Mohammed Abd El Monem Teama ◽  
Dina A Abdelhakam ◽  
Marwa A Elmohamadi ◽  
Fatma Mohammed Badr
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Serum Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Severity Scores ◽  
D Dimer

Background: As an immune modulator, vitamin D has been implicated in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity. This study aimed to investigate the association between vitamin D levels and the severity of COVID-19 infection. Methods: A cross-sectional study, which included 124 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 and were selected from Ain Shams University Hospitals and assigned to two groups; mild and severe COVID-19. All patients underwent detailed history taking, clinical data, and different laboratory investigations as complete blood count, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, liver enzymes, C-reactive protein, D-dimer, ferritin and serum vitamin D concentration. In addition to findings of initial chest computed tomography (CT) were recorded. COVID-19 Reporting and Data System (CO-RADS) and CT chest severity scores (CT SS) were reported. Results: In this study of 124 COVID-19-positive individuals, a high prevalence of hypovitaminosis D was found (97.6%). Lower vitamin D levels were significantly associated with more severe COVID-19 cases ( p-value < 0.001), higher blood levels of inflammatory markers including (D-dimer, CRP, and ferritin), a higher CT SS and longer disease duration. Serum vitamin D can be used as a predictor for the severity of COVID-19 infection with a specificity of 96.6%, and sensitivity of 45.5%. Conclusion: The high frequency of hypovitaminosis D in severe COVID-19 patients provides further evidence of a potential link to poor prognosis and severity of the disease, so vitamin D deficiency may be a marker of poor prognosis in these patients.

Clinical factors correlated with vitamin D deficiency in patients with obesity scheduled for bariatric surgery: A single center experience

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 346-352
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Pilone ◽  
Salvatore Tramontano ◽  
Carmen Cutolo ◽  
Federica Marchese ◽  
Antonio Maria Pagano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Serum Vitamin D ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Vitamin D Levels

Abstract. We aim to assess the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) in patients scheduled for bariatric surgery (BS), and to identify factors that might be associated with VDD. We conducted a cross-sectional observational study involving all consecutive patients scheduled for BS from 2017 to 2019. The exclusion criteria were missing data for vitamin D levels, intake of vitamin D supplements in the 3 months prior to serum vitamin D determination, and renal insufficiency. A total of 206 patients (mean age and body mass index [BMI] of 34.9 ± 10.7 years, and 44.3 ± 6.99 kg/m2, respectively) met the inclusion criteria and were enrolled for data analysis. VDD (<19.9 ng/mL), severe VDD (<10 ng/mL), and vitamin D insufficiency (20–29.9 ng/mL) were present in 68.8 %, 12.5 %, and 31.2 % of patients, respectively. A significant inverse correlation was found between vitamin D levels and initial BMI, parathyroid hormone, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (r = −0.280, p < 0.05; r = −0.407, p = 0.038; r = −0.445, p = 0.005), respectively. VDD was significantly more prevalent in patients with higher BMI [−0.413 ± 0.12, CI95 % (−0.659; −0.167), p = 0.006], whereas no significant association between hypertension [−1.005 ± 1.65, CI95 % (−4.338; 2.326), p = 0.001], and diabetes type 2 (T2D) [−0.44 ± 2.20, CI95 % (−4.876; 3.986), p = 0.841] was found. We observed significant association between female sex and levels of vitamin D [6.69 ± 2.31, CI95 % (2.06; 11.33), p = 0.006]. The present study shows that in patients scheduled for BS, VDD deficiency is common and was associated with higher BMI, and female sex.

SUBLINGUAL VITAMIN D3 DRUG THERAPY IN VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY PATIENTS AT PRAVARA RURAL HOSPITAL

2019 ◽  
pp. 18-20
Author(s):  
Sanjeeva Kumar Goud T ◽  
Rahul Kunkulol
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Serum Vitamin D ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After

The present study was aimed to study the effect of Sublingual Vitamin D3 on Serum Vitamin D level in Vitamin D deficiency patients. This was a cross-sectional and interventional study. All the Vitamin D deficiency patients of age 18-60years and either gender, willing to participate in the study were included. Patients who had greater than 20 ng/ml were excluded from the study. The total number of participants in our study was 200, out of these 111 males and 89 females, the mean age in our study was 51.07 ± 7.39Yrs. All volunteers were given sublingual vitamin D3 (60,000IU) in six doses every fifteen days of follow up for 3 months. The subject’s serum 25(OH)D levels were estimated before and after the treatment of sublingual vitamin D3. There was a statistically significant difference in serum vitamin D3 level before 16.61±6.71 ng/ml and after 35.80±7.80 ng/ml after treatment with Sublingual Vitamin D3. Six doses of 60,000IU of Vitamin D3 sublingual route having improved the role of serum 25(OH)D levels in the treatment of Vitamin D3 deficiency patients.Keywords: Vitamin D3; Sublingual route

Association between vitamin D deficiency and prostate cancer: Prospective case-control study

2021 ◽  
pp. 205141582199360
Author(s):  
Ghanshyam Kumawat ◽  
Vijay Chaudhary ◽  
Anurag Garg ◽  
Nishkarsh Mehta ◽  
Gagan Talwar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
P Value ◽  
Serum Vitamin D ◽  
Severe Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Control Study

Objective: We aimed to find out the association of low serum vitamin D levels with the incidence of prostate cancer through a prospective case-control study. Material and methods: This study was carried out in the tertiary care hospital (India). All newly diagnosed patients of prostate cancer and age-matched controls were included. Serum vitamin D levels were measured in all of them. Vitamin D status (ng/mL) was classified as severe deficiency <10, moderate deficiency 10–<30, normal 30–100, and toxicity >100. Normality of the data was tested by the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, statistical analysis was done with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 26.0, p-value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results: In our study, 320 cases and 320 controls were included. The mean vitamin D levels in cases and controls were 15.71 ± 6.5 (ng/mL) and 17.63 ± 4.54 (ng/mL), respectively, ( p-Value <0.01). Patients with severe vitamin D deficiency (73.58%) had a Gleason score ⩾8 on biopsy and 79.24% of them had a serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) level >20 ng/mL. Conclusion: We had concluded that there was no significant association between vitamin D deficiency and increased risk of prostate cancer, although patients with higher-grade prostate cancer and with higher PSA level had severe vitamin D deficiency. Level of evidence: Not applicable for this multicentre audit.

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