scholarly journals Perceived Vulnerability to Disease Predicts Restrictive Policy Supports in Response to the 2019-nCoV Outbreak

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin X. Goh
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
The United States ◽  
Immigration Policies ◽  
Perceived Vulnerability ◽  
Behavioral Avoidance ◽  
Perceived Vulnerability To Disease ◽  
Interpersonal Level ◽  
Disease Questionnaire ◽  
Restrictive Policy

Diseases threaten human survival. As such, humans engage in behavioral avoidance to prevent contact with potential carriers of pathogens, such as reduced sociability at the interpersonal level and endorsement of strict immigration policies at the intergroup level. This research examines chronic concerns about infectious diseases (using the Perceived Vulnerability to Disease questionnaire) and travel ban supports in response to the 2019-nCoV outbreak in January 2020. Two studies were conducted in the United States (Study 1; N = 241) and Singapore (Study 2; N = 138). For Americans who scored higher on the Perceived Infectability subscale, they were more likely to endorse travel bans on people coming from China and all of Asia. For Singaporeans who reported greater Germ Aversion, they were more supportive of travel bans on people from both China and their Malaysian neighbor. Saliency of the outbreak may account for differences in subscale predictors between Americans and Singaporeans.

scholarly journals Learning to Detain Asylum Seekers and the Growth of Mass Immigration Detention in the United States

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Smita Ghosh ◽  
Mary Hoopes
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Cognitive Dissonance ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
The United States ◽  
Critical Component ◽  
Immigration Detention ◽  
Important Shift

Drawing upon an analysis of congressional records and media coverage from 1981 to 1996, this article examines the growth of mass immigration detention. It traces an important shift during this period: while detention began as an ad hoc executive initiative that was received with skepticism by the legislature, Congress was ultimately responsible for entrenching the system over objections from the agency. As we reveal, a critical component of this evolution was a transformation in Congress’s perception of asylum seekers. While lawmakers initially decried their detention, they later branded them as dangerous. Lawmakers began describing asylum seekers as criminals or agents of infectious diseases in order to justify their detention, which then cleared the way for the mass detention of arriving migrants more broadly. Our analysis suggests that they may have emphasized the dangerousness of asylum seekers to resolve the dissonance between their theoretical commitments to asylum and their hesitance to welcome newcomers. In addition to this distinctive form of cognitive dissonance, we discuss a number of other implications of our research, including the ways in which the new penology framework figured into the changing discourse about detaining asylum seekers.

Handbuch der Kinderheilkunde

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1967 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 803-804
Author(s):  
HEINZ F. EICHENWALD
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
The United States ◽  
Urinary System ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Function ◽  
Entire Field ◽  
Social Pediatrics

Volume III of the Handbuch der Kinderheilkunde contributes another significant segment to the encyclopedic exposition of the entire field of pediatrics, which eventually will occupy nine large volumes. Volumes II and IV have previously been reviewed in this journal. Also available at this time are Volume V (Infectious Diseases) and Volume VII (The Lungs, The Heart, Cardiopulmonary Function, The Kidneys, and The Urinary System). Volume III deals with two separate fields, immunology and social pediatrics. It contains contributions by 67 authors; most authors are from Germany but some are also from Switzerland Poland, and the United States.

Vaccination against herpesviruses

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 496-498
Author(s):  
Philip Brunell
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
The United States

The elimination of infectious diseases in the United States during this century has been a truly remarkable achievement. Mortality from diphtheria, smallpox, pertussis, poliomyelitis, and tetanus have been reduced dramatically. Consequently, attention turned to the conquest of diseases such as measles, rubella, and even mumps. As the expertise which was acquired in these efforts is applied to elimination of infectious diseases that produce relatively less morbidity, the wisdom of pursuing these goals is critically evaluated. Skepticism stems not only from bureaucratic considerations of cost-benefit ratios, but also from the fear that vaccines are not themselves without risks. We have been sensitized, if you will excuse the pun, by a number of sobering experiences such as the use of killed measles vaccines.

The Ramparts of Nations: Institutions and Immigration Policies in France and the United States. By Jeffrey M. Togman. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers, 2001. 176p. $49.00.

2002 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 871-872
Author(s):  
Leah Haus
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Public Policy ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
The United States ◽  
Immigration Policies ◽  
Policy Outcome

Faced with similar economic circumstances, France and the United States adopted different immigration policies at various times in the twentieth century. Jeffrey Togman asks why. To account for this variation in public policy outcome, he points to the different structure of political institutions in the two countries.

Collective (Mis)Representation of U.S. Immigration Laws

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 519-532
Author(s):  
Stephanie Pedron
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Policy Outcomes ◽  
Immigration Policies ◽  
Collective Consciousness ◽  
Immigration Laws ◽  
Collective Representations ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
The U.S ◽  
The Ideal

This paper examines historic federal immigration policies that demonstrate how the United States has rendered entire groups of people living inside and outside of its territory as outsiders. Collective representations like the Statue of Liberty suggest that the U.S. is a nation that welcomes all immigrants, when in reality, the U.S. has historically functioned as a “gatekeeper” that excludes specific groups of people at different times. The concurrent existence of disparate beliefs within a society’s collective consciousness influences the public’s views toward citizenship and results in policy outcomes that contrast sharply from the ideal values that many collective representations signify. As restrictive immigration controls are refined, insight into how immigrant exclusion via federal policy has evolved is necessary to minimize future legislative consequences that have the potential to ostracize current and future Americans.

Bacterial Infecfions: Changes in Their Causative Agents—Trends and Possible Basis (Bayer—Symposium III), edited by M. Finland, W. Marget, and K. Bartmann. New York/Heidelberg/Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1971, 231 pp., $15.00

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 833-833
Author(s):  
John D. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
The United States ◽  
New Haven ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Changing Patterns

Almost two years ago a group of eminent international authorities in the field of infectious diseases gathered near Cologne, Germany, for a week of reflection and discussion concerning the changing patterns of bacterial infections in recent decades and the possible reasons for the changes. The United States was represented by Drs. M. Finland and E. H. Kass of Boston, F. Daschner of Los Angeles, and A. von Graevenitz of New Haven. Other scientists were from Germany, France, Sweden, Great Britain, Switzerland, and Denmark.

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