COVID-19, LOCKDOWN AND VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN IN HOMES

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shalu Nigam
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Just World ◽  
Essential Services ◽  
The World ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
The Government ◽  
Safe Zones

COVID-19 has imposed mandatory lockdowns in many countries including India. However, since the lockdown has been imposed, attention is being focused on its economic repercussions and on providing food and shelter to poor and migrants. But the pandemic has exposed vulnerabilities and created challenges at other fronts too. More specifically, women’s lack of autonomy in the patriarchal homes is further getting reduces when today, `homes’ which are no longer merely seen as comfort zones, but during the lockdown, homes are evolving as spaces where people are working from home and earning their livelihoods, children are attending classes and other activities are being coordinated. Violence in such homes against women and children is rising during the lockdown. Women and children trapped within homes with the perpetrators of violence are facing severe abuse. In order to combat the situation and to make homes as safe zones, special measures are required. The government needs to declare domestic violence as `essential services’ and must take steps to provide immediate relief to women and children. In the long term, the need is to address entrenched structural discrimination in order to ensure gender equality within homes. Lockdowns may be interpreted in different ways. One is to lockdown our collective imaginations and allow the pre-existing stereotypical gender notions to continue and reiterate, or it could be, to isolate the world from the patriarchal notions and to reimagine a violence free gender just world.

The Covid-19 pandemic and the struggle to tackle gender-based violence

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 391-399
Author(s):  
Meltem Ince Yenilmez
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Essential Services ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government ◽  
Gender Based

Purpose The purpose of this study is to look at the policies for the protection of women during pandemics while taking gender and feminist interests into crucial consideration. In perilous times like this, where many humans are living in fear and struggling to survive a world filled with diverse traumatizing events such as wars, universal pandemic, man-induced tragedies, natural destruction, overwhelming stress and stress-related illnesses abound. Currently, Covid-19 pandemic is rampaging in different areas of the world. Design/methodology/approach Studies are reviewed the major reasons of the violence against women during lockdown. A qualitative review of the literature is performed and analyzed. As there have been compulsory lockdowns in different parts of the world, Turkey included, the lockdown is ideal for preventing the spread of Covid-19. Findings There are issues this Covid-19 pandemic has caused, and one major issue is the stigma and trauma women face around the world, even in their homes. Domestic violence is a serious concern. It is, therefore, paramount for the government to intervene on this issue by declaring domestic violence as “essential services” and must set modalities in place for instant reliefs to women in such distress. It is even further envisaged that the term lockdowns have a diverse number of interpretations. One such prevailing argument is that humans are enslaved to their general imaginations, may continue in the pathways set aside by gender stereotypes or the same lockdowns, can be used as a means to set aside patriarchal notions and pursue a violence-free existence. Originality/value This research will increase the awareness in terms of preventing gender-based violence and try to address how this pandemic makes it worse for women. In addition, there are many studies focused on family violence and Covid-19 while few focus on gender.

COVID-19: INDIA’S RESPONSE TO DOMESTIC VIOLENCE NEEDS RETHINKING

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shalu Nigam
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Women Workers ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
The State ◽  
National Commission ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
The Government ◽  
To Come ◽  
Health Rights

COVID-19 is posing challenges larger challenges in terms of human rights including health rights of women and children. Since the mandatory lockdown has been imposed, violence against women is exponentially rising world over. Several countries have enacted special policies, laws and programs to deal with violence against women in homes. However, India which since the 90s has witnessed widening inequalities since the policy of Liberalization, Globalization and Privatization has been introduced, right now is again facing the disastrous impact due to coronavirus. The pandemic is making adverse gender impact in two ways – 1) Middle- or upper-class women facing abuse in homes during the lockdown and 2) Poor women who have no homes or are surviving in slums or those on the roads walking back home or those awaiting in villages for migrant men to come back. The National Commission for Women has reported a rise of 94 percent in complaint cases where women have been abused in their homes during lockdown. Also, another aspect that has not received attention is increasing number of cases where migrant women, along with men, are walking hundreds of miles, some in their advanced stage of pregnancy along with their children, without food. Some are being forced to deliver babies on the roadside while others are receiving the devastating news of migrant men being dead while walking on roads. Deprivation and denial of health and other services to women and children during the COVID crisis is aggravating the disaster. Therefore, almost half a billion women are at risk in India due to the pandemic. Yet, the state has not made any comprehensive COVID response plan to tackle these challenges. Neither any formal statement is being issued to declare domestic violence as an essential service nor plans have been made to support pregnant women workers walking hundreds of miles without food and water with their children. Rather, the state after 40 days of lockdown, while easing down the restrictions, opened the liquor shops as a first step. In doing so, earning revenue is prioritized over genuine serious concerns of women. This is despite of the fact that the women’s movement has shown evidences that consumption of liquor by men is proportional to an increase in incidences of abuse. This essay investigates the gaps in the state’s response in India to the increase in incidents of violence during the lockdown and argues that a robust comprehensive plan is required to address different aspects of violence women are facing in the largest democracy. The government cannot miss the chance to protect women from violence. In order to imagine a gender just violence-free world, the need is to impose the lockdown on the collective imagination that reiterate gender-stereotypical notions and to put the viruses of patriarchy and poverty in quarantine and isolation forever. By maintaining social distancing with the misogynist ideas and developing a plan to eliminate inequalities in all forms, gender justice and human rights could be achieved and the rights guaranteed under Article 14, 15, and 21 of the Constitution can be reclaimed.

scholarly journals A Critical Assessment of Turkey’s Positive Obligations in Combatting Violence against Women: Looking behind the Judgments

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Devran Gülel
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Critical Assessment ◽  
Due Diligence ◽  
European Court ◽  
Regional Organisations ◽  
The Government ◽  
Istanbul Convention

Abstract After almost two decades in power, R. T. Erdoğan and his Justice and Development Party (AKP) have established authoritarian and Islamist governance in Turkey, which has adversely affected gender equality and women’s rights. So much so, that in 2009 the European Court of Human Rights acknowledged that there is a climate conducive to domestic violence in Turkey (Opuz v. Turkey). Despite Erdoğan withdrawing Turkey unconstitutionally from the Convention on Preventing and Combating Violence against Women and Domestic Violence (Istanbul Convention), the government cannot withdraw from the state’s duty to protect its citizens from the criminal acts of private individuals. By using international and regional organisations’ approaches to positive obligations and due diligence as a measure, the article addresses whether Turkey is fulfilling its duty of protecting women from the violent conduct of others. It is concluded that the government is failing in its positive obligations and instead, is reinforcing the climate through its discourse and practices that strengthen a national tolerance of violence against women and the national authorities’ reluctance to address it, thus allowing for impunity of its perpetrators.

Women and Postconflict Security: A Study of Police Response to Domestic Violence in Liberia

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (03) ◽  
pp. 478-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peace A. Medie
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Psychological Trauma ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Physical Injuries ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
The Government ◽  
National Police

Domestic violence or Intimate partner violence (IPV) is the form of violence against women (VAW) that is most reported to the police in Liberia. This violence cuts across class, ethnic, religious, and age lines (Liberia Institute of Statistics and Geo-Information Services, et al. 2008) and results in psychological trauma, physical injuries, and, in some cases, death. Societal beliefs that frame domestic violence as a regular part of life serve to legitimize and foster the problem in Liberia (Allen and Devitt 2012; LISGIS et al. 2008) and pose a challenge to the state and to international organizations (IOs) and women's nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) that have introduced measures to combat domestic violence since the end of the country's 14-year civil war in 2003. One such effort is the Women and Children Protection Section (WACPS) of the Liberian National Police (LNP), established by the government in collaboration with the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) and other international partners in 2005. Although the section was established primarily to address rape, its officers are mandated to investigate all forms of VAW, including domestic violence.

scholarly journals MULTIDEMENSIONAL PERSPECTIVES OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE IN SERBIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 185-202
Author(s):  
BORO MERDOVIĆ ◽  
ŽELJKO BJELAJAC
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Professional Literature ◽  
Abuse And Neglect ◽  
The World ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
The Individual

Domestic violence with its various manifestations and forms has captured the attention of the scientific and professional public, especially in the last few decades. The consequences it causes not only affect the individual and his personal development, but also have multiple negative implications for the narrower and wider social environment and society as a whole. Most often, women and children are victims of domestic violence, and extensive measures and a multidisciplinary approach are being taken around the world in order to prevent domestic violence and minimize the consequences. The aim of this paper is to point out the etiology and forms of domestic violence with special emphasis on violence against women and children. A phenomenon with serious social consequences that causes traumatic effects on the normal and harmonious development of children is child abuse, which manifests itself in two forms: abuse and neglect. Through the review and results of numerous studies and foreign professional literature, we will point out the prevalence of the phenomenon. In the last part of the paper, we will point out the negative implications of abuse and violence on the mental and physical integrity of the victim, primarily women and children.

scholarly journals Violência doméstica contra a mulher em tempos de Isolamento Social ante a Pandemia de Covid-19 /Domestic Violence Against Women in Times of Social Isolation due to the Covid-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (58) ◽  
pp. 206-217
Author(s):  
Athena De Albuquerque Farias ◽  
Hermínia Moreira Coelho da Costa ◽  
José Leonardo Claudino Leandro ◽  
Francisco Hilângelo Vieira Barros ◽  
Alcylanna Nunes Teixeira Santiago
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Deep Roots ◽  
Domestic Violence Against Women ◽  
The World ◽  
Causes Of Violence ◽  
Violencia Domestica ◽  
The Government ◽  
Social Sectors

Resumo: O mundo está vivendo um momento pandêmico, que tem causado um verdadeiro caos na saúde, bem como que tem impactado negativamente nos mais diversos setores sociais, mais especificamente a economia e serviços de saúde e educação.Em razão da facilidade com a qual o vírus se propaga, o Governo tem determinado medidas de isolamento social, que limitam os locais de circulação, serviços que podem funcionar, bem como sugerem que as pessoas permaneçam em suas casas, saindo apenas para suprir necessidades essenciais. O isolamento social, embora medida de proteção da população, parece ter aumentado consideravelmente os casos de violência contra as mulheres. Este estudo analisa as causas da violência contra as mulheres no período pandêmico da Covid-19, no Brasil, à partir de dados da literatura. Os resultados demonstraram um aumento da violência doméstica contra a mulher no período da pandemia de covid-19, embora seja este um problema social com raízes profundas. Portanto, a modificação desse cenário vai requerer muito esforço e comprometimento de todos os envolvidos, inclusive politicas sociais mais efetivas, visando minimizar o quadro da violência contra as mulheres, atualmente vigente no país.Palavras-chave: Violência doméstica; Isolamento social; Pandemia de Covid-19.---Abstract: The world is going through a pandemic moment, which has caused a literal chaos in the health industry, as well as negatively impacted diverse social sectors, more specifically the economy and health and education services. Due to the ease with which the virus spreads, the Government has determined social isolation measures, limiting the circulation, services that can work, as well as suggesting that people remain in their homes, leaving only to fulfill essential needs . Social isolation, although a measure of protection for the population, seems to have considerably increased cases of violence against women. This study analyzes the causes of violence against women in the Covid-19 pandemic period in Brazil, based on literature data. The results showed an increase in domestic violence against women during the covid-19 pandemic period, although this is a social problem with deep roots. Therefore, changing this scenario will require a lot of effort and commitment from everyone involved, including more effective social policies, aimed at minimizing the situation of violence against women, currently in force in the country. Keywords: Domestic violence; Social isolation; Covid-19 pandemic. 

scholarly journals Trapped Between Two Pandemics: Domestic Violence Cases Under COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown: A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 0272684X2110221
Author(s):  
Endurance Uzobo ◽  
Aboluwaji D Ayinmoro
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Biomed Central ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
African Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government

Background As it is common with the most devastating events in the world, women always seem to be at the most disadvantage position. This situation manifested during the period of COVID-19 lockdown throughout the world and Africa in particular. The purpose of this study is to explore Domestic Violence (DV) cases in African during the COVID-19 lockdown. Methods Data for this study were gleaned from an electronic literature search using various databases PubMed and BioMed Central, Web of Science, etc. Key search words were gender DV during and after COVID-19. A total of 68 records were identified during the search. However, only 46 of these sources met the inclusion criteria. Results From the review done in selected African countries which include Egypt, South Africa, Kenya, Nigeria, Ghana and Zimbabwe; it was discovered that COVID-19 lockdown across these countries worsens the already existing cases of DV. The study also noted that generally, the response of the government has been very poor in terms of dealing with DV cases in the period of COVID-19 lockdown. Conclusion The study concluded that despite the failures of government in tackling the DV pandemics, NGOs have been very active in championing the cause of those violated while also trying to provide succour to victims. Thus, the study recommended that countries in Africa need to join international initiatives in prioritising DV cases while trying to deal with the virus itself. Thus, one disease should not be traded for another.

Violence Against Women and Children Following the 2011 Great East Japan Disaster: Making the Invisible Visible Through Research

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 862-881 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mieko Yoshihama ◽  
Tomoko Yunomae ◽  
Azumi Tsuge ◽  
Keiko Ikeda ◽  
Reiko Masai
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Sexual Contact ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Unwanted Sexual Contact ◽  
Structured Questionnaire ◽  
The Invisible

This study reports on 82 unduplicated cases of violence against women and children after the Great East Japan Disaster of March 2011. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire from informants who worked with the disaster-affected populations. In addition to domestic violence, reported cases involved sexual assault and unwanted sexual contact, including quid pro quo assault perpetrated by nonintimates. Perpetrators often exploited a sense of fear, helplessness, and powerlessness and used threats to force compliance with sexual demands in exchange for life-sustaining resources. Findings point to the urgent need to develop measures to prevent and respond to postdisaster gender-based violence.

scholarly journals Mapping Cases of Violence Against Women and Children in Pekanbaru City

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 9-11
Author(s):  
Susi Erlinda ◽  
Sayyid Husein ◽  
Ambiyar . ◽  
Triyani Arita Fitri ◽  
Mardainis .
Keyword(s):  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Municipal Government ◽  
Prevention Programs ◽  
Design Management ◽  
Government Programs ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
The City

Protection of women and children is a mandate contained in the laws of the Republic of Indonesia to the government to protect women and children from acts of violence or discrimination. The mandate is carried out by the government through several efforts to handle and prevent it through government programs that are made every year. However, until now the municipal government of Pekanbaru through the women's empowerment and child protection office does not yet have data on mapping the protection of women and children disaggregated by sex, age, type of case, and location of cases so that many child protection programs are not properly targeted according to the level of violence and types of violence in areas exposed to cases of violence. The application of the mapping application is a solution to this problem because, with computerized data on the protection of women and children, the government will make it easier to design management and prevention programs. This application displays complete indicators including data on violence mapped in the geographic form of the city of Pekanbaru which is divided into the scope of the sub-district and given a color as an indicator of high or low cases of violence in the area, violence data is displayed disaggregated according to gender, age, types of cases and locations of incidents and in addition, this application applies a case-control design to provide recommendations to the government regarding handling and prevention programs in areas exposed to cases of violence against women and children. This application will make it easier for the government to design programs to protect women and children and to reduce the number of violence against women and children which always increases every year.

scholarly journals Program Sakera Jempol (Sadari Kekerasan Perempuan dan Anak dengan Jemput Bola) Kabupaten Pasuruan Perspektif Yuridis

AL-HUKAMA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 401-429
Author(s):  
Hadaita Na'mah
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Legal Assistance ◽  
Women And Children

This article examines the implementation of the Sakera Jempol program (Realizing the Violence of Women and Children with Ball Pick) in Pasuruan Regency and the Effectiveness of Law No. 23 of 2004 concerning the Elimination of Domestic Violence Against the Government’s Pasuruan Regency program. The data of this study are collected from observation, interviews, and documentation. Data are then analyzed using descriptive methods with inductive mindset, which describe the results of the research systematically and then seen using a juridical perspective. Based on data in the field, the Sakera Jempol Program is a program for handling victims of domestic violence, such as health services, counseling, rehabilitation, and legal assistance. The effectiveness of this program in reducing the number of violence, seen from the graph of the distribution of the number of cases of violence against women and children in the 2015-2018 period, succeeded in reducing cases from 68 cases to 21 cases of Domestic Violence (KDRT). The speed of handling victims of domestic violence is seen from the graph of the speed of handling cases of violence against women and children in the 2015-2018 period, from 5 days to 1 day. This program, if viewed from the reporting and protection stages, the handling phase, and the rehabilitation phase, is in accordance with Law No. 23 of 2004 concerning the Elimination of Domestic Violence.

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