scholarly journals Trait Mindfulness May Buffer Against the Deleterious Effects of Childhood Abuse in Recurrent Depression: A Retrospective Exploratory Study

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shadi Beshai
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Childhood Maltreatment ◽  
Prospective Trial ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Trait Mindfulness ◽  
Recurrent Depression ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
History Of Childhood ◽  
History Of

Objective: Individuals with a history of childhood maltreatment are particularly vulnerable to a longer course of depression. Immunization theories of resilience suggest that resilience and related factors may buffer against the deleterious effects of early childhood adversity. Trait mindfulness is linked to resilience and may be a pathway to cultivating this dynamic process. In this study, we investigated whether trait mindfulness can buffer against the effects of early childhood maltreatment in predicting lifetime number of months depressed. Method: We recruited 43 previously depressed, currently remitted patients, and retrospectively examined their depression history (using a structured interview, LIFE-SCID), their self-reported experience of maltreatment in the first 16 years of life (MOPS), and their levels of trait mindfulness (MAAS). Results: We found that number of months depressed in a lifetime was positively associated with reported childhood maltreatment, and negatively associated with trait mindfulness. Secondly, we found evidence that trait mindfulness significantly moderated the relationship of early childhood maltreatment and number of months depressed. Specifically, it appears that individuals who report severe histories of maltreatment are especially vulnerable to recurrent depression if they are also reporting low levels of trait mindfulness. Conclusions: Increasing mindfulness may be warranted among individuals reporting a history of childhood abuse with lower baselines of trait mindfulness; however, results of this retrospective study require replication in a larger, prospective trial.

The Role of Maternal Self-efficacy in the Link Between Childhood Maltreatment and Maternal Stress During Transition to Motherhood

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052110428
Author(s):  
Gabriella Bentley ◽  
Osnat Zamir
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Childhood Maltreatment ◽  
Parental Stress ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
History Of Childhood ◽  
Transition To Motherhood ◽  
History Of

The transition to motherhood is a significant developmental milestone in many women’s lives. This transitional period may be more stressful for women with a history of childhood maltreatment (CM) than for women without such a history. This study tested whether parental self-efficacy (PSE) accounts for the link between CM and parental stress in mothers transitioning to motherhood. The study used a convenience sample of 1,306 first-time mothers of children aged two years or younger. Mothers filled out online self-report questionnaires assessing history of CM, PSE, and prenatal stress. Consistent with the hypotheses, exposure to CM was directly associated with greater parental stress. Also, PSE partially mediated the associations between CM and parental stress, such that mothers with a history of childhood abuse reported a lower level of PSE, which in turn was associated with greater parental stress. In conclusion, the study highlights the important role of negative cognitions related to parenting for maternal dysfunction following exposure to childhood abuse. These findings suggest a need to incorporate preventive interventions designed to promote PSE for mothers exposed to CM. Such programs may alleviate parental stress and further support the healthy development of the child.

scholarly journals Modular-Based Psychotherapy (MoBa) versus Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) for patients with comorbid depression and a history of childhood maltreatment: Study protocol for a randomised controlled feasibility trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moritz Elsaesser ◽  
Sabine C. Herpertz ◽  
Hannah Piosczyk ◽  
Carolin Jenkner ◽  
Martin Hautzinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Childhood Maltreatment ◽  
Treatment Algorithm ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Feasibility Trial ◽  
History Of Childhood ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
History Of

Introduction: In depression treatment, most patients do not reach response or remission with current psychotherapeutic approaches. Major reasons for individual non-response are interindividual heterogeneity of etiological mechanisms and pathological forms, and a high rate of comorbid disorders. Personalised treatments targeting comorbidities as well as underlying transdiagnostic mechanisms and factors like early childhood maltreatment may lead to better outcomes. A Modular-Based Psychotherapy (MoBa) approach provides a treatment model of independent and flexible therapy elements within a systematic treatment algorithm to combine and integrate existing evidence-based approaches. By optimally tailoring module selection and application to the specific needs of each patient, MoBa has great potential to improve the currently unsatisfying results of psychotherapy as a bridge between disorder-specific and personalised approaches.Methods and analysis: In a randomized controlled feasibility trial (RCT), N=70 outpatients with episodic or persistent major depression, comorbidity and childhood maltreatment are treated in 20 individual sessions with MoBa or standard Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) for depression. The three modules of MoBa focus on deficits associated with early childhood maltreatment: the systems of negative valence, social processes, and arousal. According to a specific questionnaire-based treatment algorithm, elements from Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy (CBASP), Mentalization-Based Psychotherapy (MBT) and/or Mindfulness (MBCT) are integrated for a personalised modular procedure.As a proof of concept, this trial will provide evidence for the feasibility and efficacy (post-treatment and six month follow-up) of a modular add-on approach for patients with depression, comorbidities and a history of childhood maltreatment. Crucial feasibility aspects include targeted psychopathological mechanisms, selection (treatment algorithm), sequence and application of modules, as well as training and supervision of the study therapists. Ethics and dissemination: This study obtained approval from independent Ethics Committees. All findings will be disseminated broadly via peer-reviewed articles in scientific journals and contributions to national and international conferences.Trial registration: German Clinical Trials Register (www.drks.de): DRKS00022093.

History of Childhood Abuse and Neglect and Suicidal Behavior at Hospital Admission

Crisis ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 154-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Sfoggia ◽  
Marco Antonio Pacheco ◽  
Rodrigo Grassi-Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Childhood Maltreatment ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Childhood Trauma Questionnaire ◽  
History Of Childhood ◽  
Abuse And Neglect ◽  
History Of

Suicide is a major public health problem. Preventive measures have been sought by identifying risk factors. This study evaluates the association of childhood abuse and neglect with suicidal behavior at the time of psychiatric hospital admission. A total of 120 subjects (72 females; mean age 42.5 ± 15.6 years old) admitted from August 2006 to July 2007 completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) to assess severity of exposure to childhood maltreatment. Thereof 62 (51.6%) patients presented with suicidal behavior at admission. Patients who had attempted suicide had significantly higher CTQ scores. Regression analysis indicated that shorter illness duration and severity of childhood maltreatment were predictors of suicidal behavior at admission. The study showed that inpatients of a psychiatric unit of a general hospital who experienced severe childhood abuse or neglect were significantly more likely to present with suicidal behavior. History of childhood maltreatment should be evaluated as an associated risk factor of suicidal behavior at admission of psychiatric inpatients.

The Relationship Between Childhood Abuse and Suicidality in Adult Bipolar Disorder

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger S. McIntyre ◽  
Joanna K. Soczynska ◽  
Deborah Mancini ◽  
Chris Lam ◽  
Hanna O. Woldeyohannes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Childhood Maltreatment ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Management Planning ◽  
History Of Childhood ◽  
University Of Toronto ◽  
History Of ◽  
Bipolar Patients

This study evaluates the effect of childhood sexual and physical abuse on suicidality in adults with bipolar disorder. We conducted a retrospective chart review of adult outpatients (N = 381) with DSM-IV-TR–defined bipolar disorder seeking evaluation and treatment at an academic specialty research program (i.e., Mood Disorders Pharmacology Unit, University Health Network, University of Toronto) between October 2002 and November 2005. Eighteen percent (n = 68) of adult patients with bipolar disorder had a recorded history of childhood abuse (p = 0.009). Sixty-three percent (n = 43) of bipolar patients with a history of childhood abuse reported lifetime suicidality (χ2 = 6.885, df = 1, p = 0.009). Logistic regression analysis indicated that Childhood abuse was a significant predictor of lifetime suicidality in adult bipolar patients (OR = 2.05, CI = 1.19–3.510). Childhood abuse is associated with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in adults with bipolar disorder. Anamnestic inquiry regarding childhood maltreatment is salient to risk assessment, illness management planning, preventative strategies, and treatment interventions in bipolar disorder.

Premature immunosenescence: role of stress-related factors

PNEI REVIEW ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 20-33
Author(s):  
Moisés E. Bauer
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Childhood Maltreatment ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
History Of Childhood ◽  
Vaccine Responses ◽  
Age Related ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chronic Psychosocial Stress

The ageing of the immune system, immunosenescence, is associated with important remodelling changes in all lymphoid organs and its cells. However, the pace of ageing differs between people with the same chronological age, indicating that it may be thus influenced by extrinsic factors, including the chronic stress. In fact, young adults under chronic psychosocial stress may present immunosenescence features similarly to those found in older adults. Immunosenescence contributes to the onset and clinical course of age-related diseases such as neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. This article reviews that premature immunosenescence is observed in adults under chronic psychological stress as well as in healthy adolescents with history of childhood maltreatment. Superimposing stress during ageing is associated with further decline in adaptive immunity, increased inflammaging, accelerated cellular senescence and increased susceptibility to infections. This is of great interest for the COVID-19 pandemic, making the chronically stressed older adults of particular risk for worsen disease outcomes and poor vaccine responses.

scholarly journals Emotion Recognition in Adults With a History of Childhood Maltreatment: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 152483802110294
Author(s):  
Annie Bérubé ◽  
Jessica Turgeon ◽  
Caroline Blais ◽  
Daniel Fiset
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Childhood Maltreatment ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
History Of Childhood ◽  
History Of ◽  
Effects On Children ◽  
Meta Analyses

Child maltreatment has many well-documented lasting effects on children. Among its consequences, it affects children’s recognition of emotions. More and more studies are recognizing the lasting effect that a history of maltreatment can have on emotion recognition. A systematic literature review was conducted to better understand this relationship. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol was used and four databases were searched, MEDLINE/PubMed, PsycINFO, EMBASE, and FRANCIS, using three cross-referenced key words: child abuse, emotion recognition, and adults. The search process identified 23 studies that met the inclusion criteria. The review highlights the wide variety of measures used to assess child maltreatment as well as the different protocols used to measure emotion recognition. The results indicate that adults with a history of childhood maltreatment show a differentiated reaction to happiness, anger, and fear. Happiness is less detected, whereas negative emotions are recognized more rapidly and at a lower intensity compared to adults not exposed to such traumatic events. Emotion recognition is also related to greater brain activation for the maltreated group. However, the results are less consistent for adults who also have a diagnosis of mental health problems. The systematic review found that maltreatment affects the perception of emotions expressed on both adult and child faces. However, more research is needed to better understand how a history of maltreatment is related to adults’ perception of children’s emotions.

The Impact of a History of Childhood Abuse on Life as a College Student

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-184
Author(s):  
David Sedlacek ◽  
Stanley Stevenson ◽  
Carrie Kray ◽  
Timothy Henson ◽  
Chelsea Burrows ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Student ◽  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
History Of Childhood ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact
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