Evaluating interactions between emotion regulation strategies through the interpersonal context of female friends

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kara Alise Christensen ◽  
Matthew W. Southward ◽  
Ilana Seager van Dyk ◽  
Michael Vasey
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Cognitive Reappraisal ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Expressive Suppression ◽  
Negative Thought ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
Interference Hypothesis ◽  
Compensatory Hypothesis ◽  
Compensatory Interactions

Introduction: There is a growing interest in examining how interpersonal relationships may shape associations between emotion regulation (ER) strategies and psychopathology.Methods: We used multilevel modeling to test if respondents’ self-reported intrapersonal ER, friends’ self-reported intrapersonal ER, and their interaction were associated with psychopathology in a sample of 120 female friend dyads.Results: Respondents’ use of brooding rumination, expressive suppression, and worry were positively associated with respondent psychopathology. Friend reappraisal moderated the association between respondent reappraisal and respondent psychopathology. Consistent with an interference hypothesis, respondent cognitive reappraisal was only associated with respondent psychopathology when friend cognitive reappraisal was low. Consistent with a compensatory hypothesis, respondent reappraisal was primarily associated with respondent psychopathology when friend repetitive negative thought was high.Discussion: Results support the extension of models of ER strategy interactions from intrapersonal to interpersonal contexts. Future research is needed to replicate the interference and compensatory interactions observed in the data.

scholarly journals Do Individual Differences in Emotion Regulation Mediate the Relationship Between Mental Toughness and Symptoms of Depression?

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian Mutz ◽  
Peter Clough ◽  
Kostas A. Papageorgiou
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Cognitive Reappraisal ◽  
Mental Toughness ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Expressive Suppression ◽  
Work Settings ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Mental Toughness (MT) provides crucial psychological capacities for achievement in sports, education, and work settings. Previous research examined the role of MT in the domain of mental health and showed that MT is negatively associated with and predictive of fewer depressive symptoms in nonclinical populations. The present study aimed at (1) investigating to what extent mentally tough individuals use two emotion regulation strategies: cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression; (2) exploring whether individual differences in emotion regulation strategy use mediate the relationship between MT and depressive symptoms. Three hundred sixty-four participants (M = 24.31 years, SD = 9.16) provided self-reports of their levels of MT, depressive symptoms, and their habitual use of cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression. The results showed a statistically significant correlation between MT and two commonly used measures of depressive symptoms. A small statistically significant positive correlation between MT and the habitual use of cognitive reappraisal was also observed. The correlation between MT and the habitual use of expressive suppression was statistically significant, but the size of the effect was small. A statistical mediation model indicated that individual differences in the habitual use of expressive suppression mediate the relationship between MT and depressive symptoms. No such effect was found for the habitual use of cognitive reappraisal. Implications of these findings and possible avenues for future research are discussed.

Genetics of emotion regulation

2019 ◽  
pp. 144-169
Author(s):  
Andrei C Miu ◽  
Mirela I Bîlc
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Human Genetics ◽  
Cognitive Reappraisal ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Expressive Suppression ◽  
Genetic Overlap ◽  
Candidate Gene Studies ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
And Behavior

Research in the last decades has extensively supported the widespread involvement of emotion regulation (i.e. the processes by which one attempts to modulate the experience and expression of affect) in emotion–cognition interactions, social functioning and behavior, and health. In particular, recent work has argued that emotion regulation is a transdiagnostic mechanism in psychopathology and could thus contribute to symptoms that characterize multiple mental disorders and explain some of the genetic overlap between these disorders. Therefore, an emerging literature has started to investigate the genetic underpinnings of emotion regulation and their commonality with psychopathology. After describing the process model, which has guided much of the recent research on emotion regulation, and its implications for psychopathology, the present chapter provides a systematic review of twin and candidate gene studies on the four emotion regulation strategies that have been examined to date: cognitive reappraisal, distraction, rumination, and expressive suppression. Several potential avenues for future research, suggested by recent advances in emotion regulation research and human genetics, are outlined in the final section of this chapter.

Emotion Regulation and Job Satisfaction as Predictors of Subjective Well-being in Doctors

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
Prachi Sharma ◽  
Urmila Rani Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Cognitive Reappraisal ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Expressive Suppression ◽  
Specialty Hospitals ◽  
Intrinsic Job Satisfaction

This study examined the role of emotion regulation and job satisfaction in predicting affective (positive and negative affect) and cognitive (life satisfaction) components of subjective well-being (SWB) in doctors. The predictors used were the dimensions of job satisfaction—intrinsic, extrinsic job satisfaction as well as the total score of job satisfaction and the following dimensions of intra-personal emotion regulation—cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression. The participants included in the study were doctors from multi-specialty hospitals in Gurgaon district of Haryana. A total of 102 doctors were included in the study using convenience sampling. Correlational and step-wise multiple regression analyses were conducted to test the predictions. The results of the analysis confirmed the predictions as intrinsic job satisfaction and cognitive reappraisal significantly and positively predicted life satisfaction. The findings were discussed in the light of available research along with implications of the study and possible avenues for future research.

Relation between Emotion Regulation and Mental Health: A Meta-Analysis Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 114 (2) ◽  
pp. 341-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianqiang Hu ◽  
Dajun Zhang ◽  
Jinliang Wang ◽  
Ritesh Mistry ◽  
Guangming Ran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Reappraisal ◽  
Expressive Suppression ◽  
Moderator Variable ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
Positive Indicators

This meta-analysis examined the relationship between emotion regulation strategies (cognitive reappraisal, expressive suppression) and mental health (measured by life-satisfaction, positive affect, depression, anxiety, and negative affect). 48 studies, which included 51 independent samples, 157 effect sizes, and 21,150 participants, met the inclusion criteria. The results showed that cognitive reappraisal was correlated significantly and positively with positive indicators of mental health ( r=.26) and negatively with negative indicators of mental health ( r=–.20). Expressive suppression was correlated negatively with positive indicators of mental health ( r=–.12), and positively with negative indicators of mental health ( r=.15). Expressive suppression was correlated positively with positive indicators of mental health within the category of samples with Western cultural values ( r=–.11) but not the category with Eastern cultural values. Moreover, the correlation of expressive suppression and negative indicators of mental health was stronger in the Western cultural values category ( r=.19) than in the Eastern cultural values category ( r=.06). Therefore, it is necessary for follow-up studies about emotion regulation and mental health to consider some moderator variable like the culture.

scholarly journals Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response self-reporters showed higher scores for cognitive reappraisal as an emotion regulation strategy

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11474
Author(s):  
Ricardo Morales ◽  
Daniela Ramírez-Benavides ◽  
Mario Villena-Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Cognitive Reappraisal ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Expressive Suppression ◽  
Psychological Constructs ◽  
Tingling Sensation ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
Sound Sensitivity

Background Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response (ASMR) describes the experience of a pleasant tingling sensation along the back of the head, accompanied with a feeling of well-being and relaxation, in response to specific audio-visual stimuli, such as whispers, soft sounds, and personal attention. Previous works have assessed individual variations in personality traits associated with ASMR, but no research to date has explored differences in emotion regulation associated with ASMR. This omission occurred even when ASMR, a sensory-emotional experience, has been proposed to be located in a sound sensitivity spectrum as the opposite end of misophonia, a phenomenon associated with difficulties regulating emotions. The present work aimed to assess group differences between ASMR self-reporters and non-ASMR controls associated with emotion regulation strategies. Methods We used the validated Spanish version of the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire to assess individual differences in the use of cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression. Results Our results showed that participants who experience ASMR had higher scores in the cognitive reappraisal subscale of the emotion regulation questionnaire than the non-ASMR group. Conclusions Individuals who experience ASMR reported higher use of cognitive reevaluation of emotionally arousing situations, suggesting more effectiveness in regulating emotions. Our finding further elucidates individual differences related to this experience, supporting that ASMR is a real psychophysiological phenomenon associated with other psychological constructs and has remarkable consequences in affective/emotional dimensions and general well-being.

scholarly journals For Body and Mind: Practicing Yoga and Emotion Regulation

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. e25502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorota Kobylińska ◽  
Karol Lewczuk ◽  
Marta Marchlewska ◽  
Aneta Pietraszek
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Cognitive Reappraisal ◽  
Yoga Practice ◽  
Emotion Regulation Strategies ◽  
Expressive Suppression ◽  
Big Five Model ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
Low Levels

The purpose of the present study was to examine if the length of yoga training may influence the use of cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression (as emotion regulation strategies) and whether this relationship may be moderated by personality traits. Based on previous studies, we hypothesized that the link between the length of yoga practice and emotion regulation can rely most heavily on participants’ conscientiousness and extraversion levels. Ninety women in two groups participated in the study: those who have been practicing yoga for over a year and those who have been practicing for a shorter period of time. An Emotion Regulation Questionnaire was applied to measure the use the strategies of cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression. Moreover, personality traits, based on the Big Five model were assessed. The results of the study provided support for our prediction: participants who engaged in yoga practice for a longer period of time (as compared to participants who practiced yoga for a shorter duration), reported using cognitive reappraisal more often. Furthermore, longer yoga practice was more beneficial than shorter practice especially for individuals with low levels of conscientiousness and extraversion. Thus, extraversion and conscientiousness seem to facilitate the process of drawing benefits from practicing yoga.

scholarly journals Individual differences in emotion regulation and face recognition

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0243209
Author(s):  
Ahmed M. Megreya ◽  
Robert D. Latzman
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Face Recognition ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Cognitive Reappraisal ◽  
False Positives ◽  
Emotion Regulation Strategies ◽  
Expressive Suppression ◽  
Face Memory ◽  
Face Matching ◽  
Regulation Strategies

Face recognition ability is highly variable among neurologically intact populations. Across three experiments, this study examined for the first time associations between individual differences in a range of adaptive versus maladaptive emotion regulation strategies and face recognition. Using an immediate face-memory paradigm, in which observers had to identify a self-paced learned unfamiliar face from a 10-face target-present/ target-absent line-up, Experiment 1 (N = 42) found high levels of expressive suppression (the ongoing efforts to inhibit emotion-expressive behaviors), but not cognitive reappraisal (the cognitive re-evaluation of emotional events to change their emotional consequences), were associated with a lower level of overall face-memory accuracy and higher rates of misidentifications and false positives. Experiment 2 (N = 53) replicated these finding using a range of face-matching tasks, where observers were asked to match pairs of same-race or different-race face images taken on the same day or during different times. Once again, high levels of expressive suppression were associated with a lower level of overall face-matching performance and higher rates of false positives, but cognitive reappraisal did not correlate with any face-matching measure. Finally, Experiment 3 (N = 52) revealed that the higher use of maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies, especially catastrophizing, was associated with lower levels of overall face-matching performances and higher rates of false positives. All told, the current research provides new evidence concerning the important associations between emotion and cognition.

An Exploratory Study of Self-Consciousness and Emotion-Regulation Strategies in Health Care Workers

2014 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Andela ◽  
Laurent Auzoult ◽  
Didier Truchot
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Internal State ◽  
Cognitive Reappraisal ◽  
Emotion Regulation Strategies ◽  
Expressive Suppression ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Internal States ◽  
Emotion Regulation Strategy ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
Public Self Consciousness

The goal of this study was to assess relations between public self-consciousness, private self-consciousness (self-reflectiveness and internal state awareness), and two emotion-regulation strategies: cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression. 59 employees of a public hospital completed a survey. Public self-consciousness was not associated with either emotion-regulation strategy, while both dimensions of private self-consciousness were related to the strategies. While self-reflectiveness was correlated with expressive suppression, internal states awareness was associated with cognitive reappraisal.

scholarly journals Reduced Effective Emotion Regulation in Night Owls

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra L. Watts ◽  
Ray Norbury
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Cognitive Reappraisal ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Quality Trait ◽  
Expressive Suppression ◽  
Specific Emotion ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
Age Range

Previous research has demonstrated a clear link between late chronotype and depression. The vulnerability factors underpinning this link, however, are unclear. Here the relationship between two specific emotion regulation strategies, cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression, and chronotype was investigated using multiple regression. Two hundred and forty participants (age range 18-80, 189 females) completed validated self-report questionnaires assaying chronotype, neuroticism, depressive symptomatology, sleep quality, and emotion regulation. Eveningness was associated with increased expressive suppression, and morningness was associated with increased cognitive reappraisal after controlling for age, gender, depressive symptomatology, neuroticism, and sleep quality. Trait expressive suppression and reduced cognitive reappraisal are known to increase depression risk. Our results suggest that eveningness is associated with impaired emotion regulation, which may confer risk for future depression. These findings suggest modifiable markers that could be therapeutically targeted to prevent the onset of depression in late chronotype individuals.

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