Internalizing Symptoms, Wellbeing and Correlates in Adolescence: A Multiverse Exploration via Cross-lagged Panel Network Models

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Black ◽  
Margarita Panayiotou ◽  
Neil Humphrey
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Young People ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Social Indicators ◽  
Network Models ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Similar Complex ◽  
People Today

Internalizing symptoms are the most prevalent mental health problem in adolescents, with sharp increases seen, particularly for girls, and evidence that young people today report more problems than previous generations. It is therefore critical to measure and monitor these states on a large scale and consider correlates. We used novel panel network methodology to explore relationships between internalizing symptoms, wellbeing and inter/intrapersonal indicators. A multiverse design was used with 32 conditions to consider the stability of results across arbitrary researcher decisions in a large community sample over three years (N = 15,843, aged 11-12 at time one). Networks were consistently similar for girls and boys. Stable trait-like effects within anxiety, attentional and social indicators were found. Within-person networks were densely connected and suggested mental health and inter/intrapersonal correlates related to one another in similar complex ways, rather than clustering by domain. The multiverse design suggested the particular operationalization of items can substantially influence conclusions. Nevertheless, indicators such as thinking clearly, unhappiness, dealing with stress and worry showed more consistent centrality, suggesting these indicators may play particularly important roles in the development of mental health in adolescence.

scholarly journals Internalizing symptoms, well-being, and correlates in adolescence: A multiverse exploration via cross-lagged panel network models

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Louise Black ◽  
Margarita Panayiotou ◽  
Neil Humphrey
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Social Indicators ◽  
Network Models ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Similar Complex ◽  
People Today

Abstract Internalizing symptoms are the most prevalent mental health problem in adolescents, with sharp increases seen, particularly for girls, and evidence that young people today report more problems than previous generations. It is therefore critical to measure and monitor these states on a large scale and consider correlates. We used novel panel network methodology to explore relationships between internalizing symptoms, well-being, and inter/intrapersonal indicators. A multiverse design was used with 32 conditions to consider the stability of results across arbitrary researcher decisions in a large community sample over three years (N = 15,843, aged 11–12 at Time 1). Networks were consistently similar for girls and boys. Stable trait-like effects within anxiety, attentional, and social indicators were found. Within-person networks were densely connected and suggested mental health and inter/intrapersonal correlates related to one another in similar complex ways. The multiverse design suggested the particular operationalization of items can substantially influence conclusions. Nevertheless, indicators such as thinking clearly, unhappiness, dealing with stress, and worry showed more consistent centrality, suggesting these indicators may play particularly important roles in the development of mental health in adolescence.

scholarly journals Effects of a Large-Scale Unconditional Cash Transfer Program on Mental Health Outcomes of Young People in Kenya

2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Kilburn ◽  
Harsha Thirumurthy ◽  
Carolyn Tucker Halpern ◽  
Audrey Pettifor ◽  
Sudhanshu Handa
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Young People ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Transfer Program ◽  
Unconditional Cash Transfer

scholarly journals Prevalence and Co-Occurrence of Internalizing and Externalizing Depression Symptoms in a Community Sample of Australian Male Truck Drivers

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon M. Rice ◽  
Helen M. Aucote ◽  
Dina Eleftheriadis ◽  
Anne Maria Möller-Leimkühler
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Externalizing Symptoms ◽  
Truck Drivers ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Symptom Ratings ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing

Trucking industry employees are known to be at risk of elevated levels of stress and a range of behaviors that may compromise their mental health. Clinical reports indicate that in response to negative emotional states, men tend to engage in a cluster of externalizing behaviors including irritability, anger and aggression, risk taking, and substance misuse. However, as such symptoms fall outside standard diagnostic depression criteria, the diagnosis and treatment of depression in men may be impeded. The present exploratory study reports retrospective symptom ratings of internalizing and externalizing depression symptoms from 91 Australian male truck drivers. Moderate correlation between externalizing and internalizing symptoms was reported across the sample, though internalizing symptoms were reported more frequently. However, consistent with prediction, those meeting probable depression caseness ( n = 20) reported three times the number of externalizing symptoms relative to those in the nonclinical group (Cohen’s d = 1.31). Externalizing symptoms may be a particular phenotypic feature of depression in men, and assessment of such symptoms may assist in the detection of those unwilling to disclose typical internalizing symptoms (i.e., sadness, hopelessness). Results also highlight the need for targeted research into stress-related and mental health outcomes of men in high health risk occupations such as truck driving.

scholarly journals Informing the Development of an E-Platform for Monitoring Wellbeing in Schools: Involving Young People in a Co-Design Process.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Grant ◽  
Emily Widnall ◽  
Lauren Cross ◽  
Emily Simonoff ◽  
Johnny Downs
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Young People ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Development Process ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Mental Health Field ◽  
Advisory Group ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Health Technologies ◽  
Health Field

Abstract Background: The use of new technologies and methodologies in young people’s mental health research is needed to allow more frequent and reliable sampling. Mobile applications and e-platforms create exciting potential for the collection of large-scale cohort data, however there are various feasibility and ethical issues to consider. Consultation with young people is needed to inform the research agenda, and ensure these technologies are engaging, useful and safe. This article describes the process of Public and Patient Involvement (PPI) with a sample of young people in London, with the aim of i) informing the development of a mood-monitoring e-platform, and ii) providing feedback and advice for researchers developing web-based technologies in the mental health field. Methods: A total of 26 young people were consulted across four advisory group co-design sessions. All young people were students enrolled at one of the participating London based sixth form colleges, and voluntarily attended a workshop session. Audio recordings of the sessions were analysed using a thematic analysis framework. Results: We found that young people were engaged in discussions around mobile health technologies and valued the opportunity to collaborate throughout the early stages of the development process The advisory groups identified key considerations for future web-development work to encourage engagement and prolonged use, including, the promotion of trust and transparency, consideration of accessibility, provision of support, production of engaging and functional design, and acknowledgment of specific contextual influences surrounding young people’s wellbeing. Conclusions: Involving young people in the development process of e-health technologies contributes to optimising the successful adoption and prolonged usage of new methodologies. The thematic map and informant examples can be used to guide researchers interested in developing web-based technologies in the mental health field and will be directly applicable to the development of a mood-monitoring e-platform.

scholarly journals Prevalence of mental health problems in schools: poverty and other risk factors among 28 000 adolescents in England

2019 ◽  
Vol 215 (3) ◽  
pp. 565-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Deighton ◽  
Suzet Tanya Lereya ◽  
Polly Casey ◽  
Praveetha Patalay ◽  
Neil Humphrey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young People ◽  
Conduct Problems ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Community Based ◽  
School Based ◽  
Mental Health Difficulties

SummaryCurrent mental health provision for children is based on estimates of one in ten children experiencing mental health problems. This study analyses a large-scale community-based dataset of 28 160 adolescents to explore school-based prevalence of mental health problems and characteristics that predict increased odds of experiencing them. Findings indicate the scale of mental health problems in England is much higher than previous estimates, with two in five young people scoring above thresholds for emotional problems, conduct problems or hyperactivity. Gender, deprivation, child in need status, ethnicity and age were all associated with increased odds of experiencing mental health difficulties.Declarations of interestNone.

scholarly journals Informing the Development of an E-Platform for Monitoring Wellbeing in Schools: Involving Young People in a Co-Design Process.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Grant ◽  
Emily Widnall ◽  
Lauren Cross ◽  
Emily Simonoff ◽  
Johnny Downs
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Young People ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Development Process ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Mental Health Field ◽  
Advisory Group ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Health Technologies ◽  
Health Field

Abstract Background: The use of new technologies and methodologies in young people’s mental health research is needed to allow more frequent and reliable sampling. Mobile applications and e-platforms create exciting potential for the collection of large-scale cohort data, however there are various feasibility and ethical issues to consider. Consultation with young people is needed to inform the research agenda, and ensure these technologies are engaging, useful and safe. This article describes the process of Public and Patient Involvement (PPI) with a sample of young people in London, with the aim of i) informing the development of a mood-monitoring e-platform, and ii) providing feedback and advice for researchers developing web-based technologies in the mental health field. Methods: A total of 26 young people were consulted across four advisory group co-design sessions. All young people were students enrolled at one of the participating London based sixth form colleges, and voluntarily attended a workshop session. Audio recordings of the sessions were analysed using a thematic analysis framework. Results: Young people were generally receptive to e-health technologies and valued the opportunity to collaborate throughout the development process. The advisory groups identified key considerations for future web-development work to encourage engagement and prolonged use, including, the promotion of trust and transparency, consideration of accessibility, provision of support, production of engaging and functional design, and acknowledgment of specific contextual influences surrounding young people’s wellbeing. Conclusions: Involving young people in the development process of e-health technologies contributes to optimising the successful adoption and prolonged usage of new methodologies. The thematic map and informant examples can be used to guide researchers interested in developing web-based technologies in the mental health field and will be directly applicable to the development of a mood-monitoring e-platform.

scholarly journals The architecture of psychological well-being: A network analysis study of the Ryff psychological well-being scale 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Blasco-Belled ◽  
Carles Alsinet
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Network Model ◽  
Network Models ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mental Health Research ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Psychological Phenomena ◽  
Self Acceptance ◽  
The Stability

Abstract The proliferation of mental health research is orienting its efforts towards the exploration of psychological well-being. One of the main burdens is the measurement challenges reported by the Psychological Well-being Scale (PWBS), which has often been criticized for inconsistencies between the theoretical and the empirical model. A potential alternative to understand the structure of psychological well-being is network models, which conceptualizes psychological phenomena as emerging systems of mutually connected indicators. We examined the network structure of the Spanish 29-item PWBS in a sample of 1,404 adults. We estimated a regularized partial correlation network using the graphical LASSO algorithm in the item and dimension level. We tested the stability of both networks and identified the most important variables of the network. The PWBS network model revealed four dimensions, with self-acceptance, life purpose and environmental mastery clustering together. Node strength centrality suggested that self-acceptance is the most central dimension in the psychological well-being structure as measured by the PWBS. Despite the network model of psychological well-being did not replicate the theoretical structure of Ryff’s model, it provides a novel conceptualization of psychological well-being and proposes target indicators for mental health interventions.

Cannabis use and the Mental Health of Young People

2006 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne D. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Young People ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Cannabis Dependence ◽  
Psychosocial Consequences ◽  
Representative Samples

Objective: To review the evidence on the mental health and psychosocial consequences of rising rates of cannabis use among young people in developed countries. Method: This paper critically reviews epidemiological evidence on the following psychosocial consequences of adolescent cannabis use: cannabis dependence; the use of heroin and cocaine; educational underachievement; and psychosis. Leading electronic databases such as PubMed have been searched to identify large-scale longitudinal studies of representative samples of adolescents and young adults conducted in developed societies over the past 20 years. Results: Cannabis is a drug of dependence, the risk of which increases with decreasing age of initiation. Cannabis dependence in young people predicts increased risks of using other illicit drugs, underperforming in school, and reporting psychotic symptoms. Uncertainty remains about which of these relationships are causal although the evidence is growing that cannabis is a contributory cause of psychotic symptoms. Conclusions: We face major challenges in communicating with young people about the most probable risks of cannabis use (dependence, educational underachievement and psychosis) given uncertainties about these risks and polarized community views about the policies that should be adopted to reduce them.

Social Media and Participation in Different Socio-political Contexts: Cases of Estonia and Finland

Young ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-156
Author(s):  
Airi-Alina Allaste ◽  
Kari Saari
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Young People ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Political Activism ◽  
Individualized Approach ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Level Analysis ◽  
People Today

Today’s young people are engaging in politicized activities and are more attuned to the concerns of their own generation, as opposed to issues more relevant to their parents. Youth political activism takes a less overt and more individualized approach, and young people today are enthusiastic about online participation and engaging in it in different ways. This article adds to the growing discussion that focuses on connections between social media use and non-institutional youth political participation. The article focuses on the meaning that young people attribute to their own social media participation in two countries—Estonia and Finland—taking into account the impact of the wider social context. The empirical part of the study relies on material collected within the framework of the large-scale European project MYPLACE. The in-depth micro-level analysis is primary based on interviews with young people from Estonia and Finland, contextualized by diverse survey data.

scholarly journals Role of Long-range Allosteric Communication in Determining the Stability and Disassembly of SARS-COV-2 in Complex with ACE2

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro L. Mugnai ◽  
Clark Templeton ◽  
Ron Elber ◽  
D. Thirumalai
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Molecular Dynamics Simulations ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Active Site ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Conformational Transition ◽  
Network Models ◽  
Allosteric Communication ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Dynamics Simulations

AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) are caused by two closely related beta-coronaviruses, SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, respectively. The envelopes surrounding these viruses are decorated with spike proteins, whose receptor binding domains (RBDs) initiate invasion by binding to the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Subtle changes at the interface with ACE2 seem to be responsible for the enhanced affinity for the receptor of the SARS-CoV-2 RBD compared to SARS-CoV RBD. Here, we use Elastic Network Models (ENMs) to study the response of the viral RBDs and ACE2 upon dissassembly of the complexes. We identify a dominant detachment mode, in which the RBD rotates away from the surface of ACE2, while the receptor undergoes a conformational transition which stretches the active-site cleft. Using the Structural Perturbation Method, we determine the network of residues, referred to as the Allostery Wiring Diagram (AWD), which drives the large-scale motion activated by the detachment of the complex. The AWD for SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 are remarkably similar, showing a network that spans the interface of the complex and reaches the active site of ACE2, thus establishing an allosteric connection between RBD binding and receptor catalytic function. Informed in part by the AWD, we used Molecular Dynamics simulations to probe the effect of interfacial mutations in which SARS-CoV-2 residues are replaced by their SARS-CoV counterparts. We focused on a conserved glycine (G502 in SARS-CoV-2, G488 in SARS-CoV) because it belongs to a region that initiates the dissociation of the complex along the dominant detachment mode, and is prominent in the AWD. Molecular Dynamics simulations of SARS-CoV-2 wild-type and G502P mutant show that the affinity for the human receptor of the mutant is drastically diminished. Our results suggest that in addition to residues that are in direct contact with the interface those involved in long range allosteric communication are also a determinant of the stability of the RBD-ACE2 complex.

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