scholarly journals Social identity and social value orientations

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ozan Aksoy
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Significant Variation ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Social Value ◽  
Absolute Difference ◽  
Ingroup Bias ◽  
Social Value Orientation ◽  
Orientation Model ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Value Orientations

This study provides an extension of the social value orientation model and a tool, other-other Decomposed Games, to quantify the influence of social identity on social value orientations. Social identity is induced experimentally using the minimal group paradigm. Subsequently, the weights subjects add to the outcomes of outgroup others relative to ingroup others and to the absolute difference between the outcomes of ingroup and outgroup others are estimated. Results are compared to a control condition in which social identity is not induced. Results show that when the outgroup is better off than the ingroup, the average subject is spiteful: they derive negative utility from the outcomes of the outgroup other. When the ougroup is worse off than the ingroup, the average subject attaches similar weights to the outcomes of outgroup and ingroup others. There is also significant variation across subjects with respect to the level of ingroup bias.

scholarly journals Modeling the Social Dynamics of Moral Enhancement

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDERS SANDBERG ◽  
JOAO FABIANO
Keyword(s):  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Social Value ◽  
Moral Enhancement ◽  
Personal Satisfaction ◽  
Attractor State ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Value Orientations ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Social Emergence

Abstract:How individuals tend to evaluate the combination of their own and other’s payoffs—social value orientations—is likely to be a potential target of future moral enhancers. However, the stability of cooperation in human societies has been buttressed by evolved mildly prosocial orientations. If they could be changed, would this destabilize the cooperative structure of society? We simulate a model of moral enhancement in which agents play games with each other and can enhance their orientations based on maximizing personal satisfaction. We find that given the assumption that very low payoffs lead agents to be removed from the population, there is a broadly stable prosocial attractor state. However, the balance between prosociality and individual payoff-maximization is affected by different factors. Agents maximizing their own satisfaction can produce emergent shifts in society that reduce everybody’s satisfaction. Moral enhancement considerations should take the issues of social emergence into account.

scholarly journals The Oxytocin Receptor (OXTR) Contributes to Prosocial Fund Allocations in the Dictator Game and the Social Value Orientations Task

PLoS ONE ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. e5535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salomon Israel ◽  
Elad Lerer ◽  
Idan Shalev ◽  
Florina Uzefovsky ◽  
Mathias Riebold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dictator Game ◽  
Oxytocin Receptor ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Social Value ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Value Orientations

scholarly journals THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DISPOSITIONAL ENVY AND KNOWLEDGE SHARING

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 419-437
Author(s):  
Fitnat Nazlı SAYĞAN YAĞIZ
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Value Orientation ◽  
Social Value ◽  
Social Value Orientation ◽  
Quantitative Research Methods ◽  
Orientation Model ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship

According to the “Social Value Orientation” model, the value orientation of individuals is divided into two categories as prosocial and proself. Proselfs (individuals with proself value orientation) are reluctant to share their knowledge. Within the scope of this study, individuals with dispositional envy are described as proselfs. There are studies in the literature in which envy is considered as a feeling and associated with sharing knowledge. However, no study is found on the relationship between knowledge sharing and dispositional envy which is a personality trait. In this study, based on the “Social Value Orientation” model, the relationship between dispositional envy and knowledge sharing is investigated. Knowledge sharing is vital in the banking sector, where knowledge management technologies are used extensively. For this reason, this study was carried out on 175 bank employees in the banking sector. Quantitative research methods were used in the study. Findings show that dispositional envy is negatively related to knowledge sharing.

Social value orientation moderates ingroup love but not outgroup hate in competitive intergroup conflict

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 701-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carsten K.W. de Dreu
Keyword(s):  
Cooperative Behavior ◽  
Prisoner’S Dilemma ◽  
Value Orientation ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Social Value ◽  
Intergroup Conflict ◽  
Social Value Orientation ◽  
Path Analyses ◽  
Social Value Orientations ◽  
Prosocial Orientation

In intergroup conflict, individual cooperation may be directed at strengthening the ingroup, thus undermining the effectiveness and sustainability of the competing outgroup. Reversely, cooperation directed towards the competing outgroup indirectly undermines the viability of the ingroup and is often seen by ingroup members as disloyal, non-cooperative behavior. Using the Intergroup Prisoner’s Dilemma—Maximizing Differences Game to model intergroup conflict, the experiment reported here shows that compared to individuals with a chronic pro-self orientation, those with a chronic prosocial orientation display stronger ingroup trust and ingroup love—they self-sacrifice to benefit their ingroup—but not more or less outgroup distrust and outgroup hate. Furthermore, in this situation pro-social individuals were driven more by ingroup fairness considerations when contributing to their ingroup. Path analyses suggest that effects of social value orientation on ingroup love are mediated by ingroup trust and not by fairness considerations. Implications for research on social value orientations, and intergroup conflict and competition are discussed.

Change of social value orientation affected by the observed mimical expression of the interaction partner

2019 ◽  
Vol X (4 (29)) ◽  
pp. 85-106
Author(s):  
Joanna Lewczuk
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expression ◽  
Emotional Expression ◽  
Social Values ◽  
Experimental Manipulation ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Social Value ◽  
Social Value Orientation ◽  
Social Value Orientations ◽  
Prosocial Tendencies ◽  
Facial Emotional Expression

The issues addressed in this paper relate to a possible change in the observer’s social value orientation under the influence of a specific emotional expression being perceived on another individual’s face. The paper fits into the trend in the research into the link between social value orientations and the perception of a facial emotional expression. An „omnibus” type representative survey was carried out according to the experimental scheme, entirely via the Internet (N = 972). The following tools were used: for the measurement of social value orientations, a modified version of the Ring Measure of Social Values; for the experimental manipulation, photographs of facial expressions (happiness, anger, neutrality). In the light of the data obtained, one may, for the very first time, speak of social value orientations as of a dimension being susceptible to a change under the influence of a facial expression. A diversity of the indicators of the orientation on the others was shown, as well as of the distribution of the groups of the dominant social value orientations before and after the experimental manipulation, depending on the type of a basic facial emotional expression being presented (happiness vs anger). Directional predictions were confirmed with regard to the negative manipulation (expression of anger) which was followed by a reduction in the orientation on the others and a reduction in the total number of altruists, while the positive manipulation (expression of happiness) resulted in a general increase being observed in the number of altruists. It remains in line with the trend in predictions that observation of a positive facial expression triggers prosocial tendencies, while observation of a negative facial expression undermines prosocial tendencies. Keywords: social value orientations; prosociality; orientation on the self/orientation on the others; variability of social value orientations; Ring Measure of Social Values; facial emotional expressions

Gesellschaftliche Wertorientierungen und politisches Verhalten / Social value orientations and political behavior

1974 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Franz Urban Pappi ◽  
Edward O. Laumann
Keyword(s):  
Voting Behavior ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Social Value ◽  
Canonical Correlations ◽  
Scaling Procedure ◽  
Social Structural ◽  
Social Value Orientations ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

AbstractSocial value orientations are introduced as a central set of variables for theories of voting behavior. Voting behavior is used as an example for a class of models which can demonstrate the linkage between social structure and individual behavior. Social value orientations are analytically defined and examined in relationship with related and complementary concepts like interests. Theoretically based on the AGIL paradigm, a comprehensive sample of indicators of social values is drawn from appropriate attitude scales. The structure of value orientations is empirically delineated by a multidimensional scaling procedure using the correlations between the indicators as input. Knowing this structure it is possible to construct a parsimonious set of eight scales of value orientations. Canonical correlations and discriminant analysis are the procedures used to relate this set with social structural antecedents and political attitudes and behavior as presumed consequences. The empirical analysis is based on data from the Jülich community study.

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