scholarly journals Ethnic Segregation and Native Out-Migration in Copenhagen

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Jan Stonawski ◽  
Adrian F. Rogne ◽  
Henrik Bang ◽  
Henning Christensen ◽  
Torkild Hovde Lyngstad
Keyword(s):  
Inner City ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Administrative Data ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Children Of Immigrants ◽  
Local Concentration ◽  
Ethnic Segregation ◽  
Inner Cities ◽  
The Past ◽  
Majority Population

We study how the local concentration of ethnic minorities relates to natives’ likelihood of out-migration in the capital of Denmark. In US studies, a high or increasing proportion of racial or ethnicminorities in inner city neighborhoods is seen as the prime motivation for ‘white flight;’ Whitemiddle-class families moving towards racially and ethnically homogeneous suburbs. The relativelyegalitarian Scandinavian setting offers a contrasting case, where inner cities are less deprived, andwhere minority groups primarily consist of immigrants and children of immigrants that have arrivedover the past few decades. Using rich, population-wide, longitudinal administrative data over atwelve-year period, linked to exact coordinates on places of residence, we document how thegeographical distribution of minorities within Copenhagen relates to native out-migration. Weobserve increasing out-migration among the native majority population from areas with high andincreasing minority concentrations, largely supporting the hypothesis of a ‘native flight’ mobilitypattern.

scholarly journals Ethnic segregation and native out-migration in Copenhagen

2021 ◽  
pp. 096977642110391
Author(s):  
Marcin Stonawski ◽  
Adrian Farner Rogne ◽  
Henning Christiansen ◽  
Henrik Bang ◽  
Torkild Hovde Lyngstad
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Children Of Immigrants ◽  
Local Concentration ◽  
Ethnic Segregation ◽  
Inner Cities ◽  
The Past ◽  
White Middle Class ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
Middle Class Families

In this article, we study how the local concentration of ethnic minorities relates to the likelihood of out-migration by natives in Copenhagen, the capital of Denmark. In US studies, a high or increasing proportion of racial or ethnic minorities in inner-city neighborhoods is seen as an important motivation for White middle-class families’ out-migration to racially and ethnically homogeneous suburbs. The relatively egalitarian Scandinavian setting offers a contrasting case, where inner cities are less deprived and where minority groups primarily consist of immigrants and the children of immigrants who have arrived over the past few decades. We use population-wide, longitudinal administrative data covering a 12-year period, and measures of individualized neighborhoods based on exact coordinates for place of residence, to examine whether out-migration is associated with minority concentrations in the Copenhagen area. Our results largely support the presence of a native out-migration mobility pattern, in contrast to much existing literature. We also show that responses to increasing minority concentrations vary across the life course and between natives and children of immigrants.

‘Latino Gentrification’?: Focusing on Physical and Socioeconomic Patterns of Change in Latin American Inner Cities

Urban Studies ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (10) ◽  
pp. 2085-2107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Inzulza-Contardo
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Inner City ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Inner Cities ◽  
Continuity And Change ◽  
The Past ◽  
Socioeconomic Changes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Socioeconomic Patterns

Although gentrification is an accepted process nowadays around the globe, little debate is found in the Latin American context—particularly, when considering that 70 per cent of this continent is urbanised and that major physical and socioeconomic changes have been observed in its historical neighbourhoods in the past 20 years. This paper focuses on the continuity and change that Santiago, Chile, has shown in recent decades. Empirical data are provided to reflect both the physical and socioeconomic patterns of change that have modified the urban morphology and the social capital of Santiago’s inner city. Furthermore, by selecting Bellavista—one of the oldest inner-city neighbourhoods of Santiago—this paper draws conclusions about how specific urban regeneration strategies can promote gentrification and then links them with wider patterns of ‘Latino gentrification’.

Growing up in Diverse Societies

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Cultural Distance ◽  
Children Of Immigrants ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Ethnic Minority Groups ◽  
Ethnic Segregation ◽  
Wide Range

Growing up in Diverse Societies provides a comprehensive analysis of the integration of the children of immigrants in England, Germany, the Netherlands, and Sweden, based on the ‘Children of immigrants longitudinal survey in four European countries’ (CILS4EU), including harmonised interviews with almost 19,000 14- to 15-year-olds. The book studies the life situation, social relations, and attitudes of adolescents in different ethnic minority groups, and compares these systematically to majority youth in the four countries. The chapters cover a wide range of aspects of integration, all addressing comparisons between origin groups, generations, and destination countries, and elucidating processes accounting for differences. The results challenge much current thinking and simplified views on the state of integration. In some aspects, such as own economic means, delinquency, and mental health, children of immigrants are surprisingly similar to majority youth, while in other aspects there are large dissimilarities. There are also substantial differences between ethnic minority groups, with the economic and cultural distance of the origin regions to the destination country being a key factor. For some outcomes, such as language proficiency or host country identification, dissimilarities seem to narrow over generations, but this does not hold for other outcomes, such as religiosity and attitudes. Remaining differences partly depend on ethnic segregation, some on socioeconomic inequality, and others on parental influences. Most interestingly, the book finds that the four destination countries, though different in their immigration histories, policy approaches, and contextual conditions, are on the whole similar in the general patterns of integration and in the underlying processes.

Beyond National Identity

2019 ◽  
pp. 205-225
Author(s):  
Keith Banting ◽  
Allison Harell ◽  
Will Kymlicka ◽  
Rebecca Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
National Identity ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
National Community ◽  
Liberal Nationalism ◽  
Majority Population

This chapter explores the sources of an inclusive solidarity in diverse societies, building on the intuition in liberal nationalism that solidarity is rooted in a sense of shared membership in a national community, but moving beyond the focus on the national identity of the majority population which dominates existing research. The chapter examines the public’s perceptions of the deservingness of minorities for social support. If nationhood entails an ethic of membership, the public’s judgements of deservingness will depend on whether these groups are seen as committed to the national community, as willing members of ‘us’. Empirical support is drawn from a custom-designed survey in Canada, which explored majority perceptions of immigrants and ethnic minorities. The findings confirmed that judgements of deservingness for social support reflect whether the majority thinks newcomers and minority groups identify with the national community, accept the community’s rules, and are prepared to contribute to thesharing of resources when they can. The chapter reflects on the empirical issues and normative dilemmas raised by these findings.

scholarly journals Immigration and the decline in adolescent binge drinking

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian F. Rogne ◽  
Willy Pedersen ◽  
Anders Bakken
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Children Of Immigrants ◽  
Heavy Episodic Drinking ◽  
Drinking Patterns ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Immigrant Background ◽  
Majority Population ◽  
Low Alcohol

Background: Adolescent alcohol consumption has fallen in most Western countries over the past two decades, while immigrants and children of immigrants from low-consumption countries constitute a growing proportion of teenagers in many Western nations. We investigate the extent to which immigrants and children of immigrants have contributed to the decline in adolescent heavy episodic drinking in Oslo, the capital of Norway.Methods: We use repeated cross-sectional survey data on adolescents in grades 9-11 in Oslo (aged around 14–16, N = 54,474) from 1996 to 2018. We use data on heavy episodic drinking/intoxication in the past 12 months (dichotomized), immigrant background, sex and grade. We decompose the trend into components attributable to changes in the demographic composition of the adolescent population (by immigrant background, grade and sex), and to changes in drinking patterns within different groups. Confidence intervals (CIs) are obtained by bootstrap resampling.Results: The proportion of adolescents with immigrant backgrounds increased from 21% to 35% over the time span. The proportion reporting having been intoxicated fell from 42% to 25%. Most of the decline stems from reduced heavy episodic drinking in the majority population, accounting for 70.8% of the reduction (95% CI: 67.5–74.2). The increased proportion of adolescents with an immigrant background accounts for 21.4% of the decline (95% CI: 19.2–23.8).Conclusions: An increasing proportion of immigrants and children of immigrants with low alcohol consumption explains one-fifth of the decline in the prevalence of adolescent heavy episodic drinking in Oslo.

Gene-environment Interaction on the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Among Ethnic Minority Populations Living in Europe and North America: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 457-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad H. Zafarmand ◽  
Parvin Tajik ◽  
René Spijker ◽  
Charles Agyemang
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
North America ◽  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Ethnic Minority Groups ◽  
Gene Environment Interaction ◽  
Gene Environment

Background: The body of evidence on gene-environment interaction (GEI) related to type 2 diabetes (T2D) has grown in the recent years. However, most studies on GEI have sought to explain variation within individuals of European ancestry and results among ethnic minority groups are inconclusive. Objective: To investigate any interaction between a gene and an environmental factor in relation to T2D among ethnic minority groups living in Europe and North America. Methods: We systematically searched Medline and EMBASE databases for the published literature in English up to 25th March 2019. The screening, data extraction and quality assessment were performed by reviewers independently. Results: 1068 studies identified through our search, of which nine cohorts of six studies evaluating several different GEIs were included. The mean follow-up time in the included studies ranged from 5 to 25.7 years. Most studies were relatively small scale and few provided replication data. All studies included in the review included ethnic minorities from North America (Native-Americans, African- Americans, and Aboriginal Canadian), none of the studies in Europe assessed GEI in relation to T2D incident in ethnic minorities. The only significant GEI among ethnic minorities was HNF1A rs137853240 and smoking on T2D incident among Native-Canadians (Pinteraction = 0.006). Conclusion: There is a need for more studies on GEI among ethnicities, broadening the spectrum of ethnic minority groups being investigated, performing more discovery using genome-wide approaches, larger sample sizes for these studies by collaborating efforts such as the InterConnect approach, and developing a more standardized method of reporting GEI studies are discussed.

Group-Differentiated Rights and the Liberal Democratic State: Rethinking the Headscarf Controversy in Turkey

2001 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 31-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeşim Arat
Keyword(s):  
Minority Groups ◽  
Liberal Democracies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Princeton University ◽  
Liberal Democratic ◽  
Democratic State ◽  
Clifford Geertz ◽  
Ethnocultural Groups ◽  
Special Rights ◽  
The Relationship

The development of liberalism with both the courage and the capacity to engage itself with a different world, one in which its principles are neither well understood nor widely held, in which indeed it is, in most places, a minority creed, alien and suspect, is not only possible, it is necessary.-Clifford Geertz. 2000.Available Light.Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, p. 258.Over the past two decades, the debate over multiculturalism challenged the justice of neutral, “difference blind” rules in liberal democracies. Allegedly neutral institutions were shown to be implicitly biased toward the priorities, experiences, or interests of the dominant groups in the society. Criticism of difference-blind rules and claims for justice to minority groups defined the relationship between government and opposition in many contexts. Arguments for special rights to protect minorities, women, or ethnocultural groups gained legitimacy (Young 1990, Jones 1990, Phillips 1991, Taylor 1994, Kymlicka 1995, Kymlicka and Norman 2000).

scholarly journals Disruption, destruction and the creation of ‘the inner cities’: the impact of urban renewal on industry, 1945–1980

Urban History ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 492-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALISTAIR KEFFORD
Keyword(s):  
Inner City ◽  
Urban Renewal ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Industrial Activities ◽  
Inner Cities ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Post War ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT:This article examines the impact of post-war urban renewal on industry and economic activity in Manchester and Leeds. It demonstrates that local redevelopment plans contained important economic underpinnings which have been largely overlooked in the literature, and particularly highlights expansive plans for industrial reorganization and relocation. The article also shows that, in practice, urban renewal had a destabilizing and destructive impact on established industrial activities and exacerbated the inner-city problems of unemployment and disinvestment which preoccupied policy-makers by the 1970s. The article argues that post-war planning practices need to be integrated into wider histories of deindustrialization in British cities.

Mental Health of Children of Immigrants and Ethnic Minorities in Europe

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bentham Science Publisher Bentham Science Publisher
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Children Of Immigrants
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