Cross-Sectional Study of Minutiae Patterns in Bini Ethnic Group of Southern Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fariha Azalea
Keyword(s):  
Informed Consent ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Southern Nigeria ◽  
The Right ◽  
Level 2

Background: This study was aimed at evaluating the minutiae patterns in of Bini ethnic group of Southern Nigeria. The study was descriptive and cross-sectional with volunteers age ranging from 18-60 years. For the purpose of this study, an individual was considered to be a Nigeria of a particular ethnic group if the parents and four grandparents are of the same ethnic group. Materials and Methods: Purposive sampling method was used for the study. The selection and collection of required parameters relied on informed consent of volunteer subjects. This was done by giving them a copy of the informed consent letter which was signed and dated. A total of 400 subjects (Males 225, Females 175) were recruited for the study. The fingerprints were obtained using print scanner (Hp G3110 Photo scanner) following Oghenemavwe and Osaat (2015) improvised model. Results and Discussion: Distribution of total digital patterns in Bini showed that on the left hand they had the following: Ridge Ending 4399(17.1%), Ridge Crossing 2335 (9.0%), Bridge 1979(7.7%), Lake 2077(8.1%), Bifurcation 5283(20.5%), Double Bifurcation 2021 (7.8%), Dot 2015 (7.8%), Trifurcation 1938 (7.5%), Opposed Bifurcation 2029 (7.9%), Island 1723 (6.6%), while on the right hand the distributions were: Ridge Ending 4415 (17.2%), Ridge Crossing 2323 (9.0%), Bridge 1999(7.7%), Lake 2065(8.0%), Bifurcation 5303(20.6%), Double Bifurcation 2005 (7.7%), Dot 2025 (7.8%), Trifurcation 1915 (7.4%), Opposed Bifurcation 2044 (7.9%), Island 1709 (6.7%). Conclusion: The descriptive cross-sectional study of minutiae pattern has revealed the following trend of patterns: Bifurcation 5283 (20.5%) > Ridge ending 4399(17.1%) > Ridge crossing 2335 (9.0%) on the left whereas on the right hand thus: Bifurcation 5303(20.6%) > Ridge ending 4415 (17.2%) > Ridge crossing 2323 (9.0%). This trend is in line with the stated trends for Africa, this study provides a baseline data on level 2 patterns or minutiae for the Bini people of Southern Nigeria.

scholarly journals Assessment of Finger Proprioception and Lateral Pinch Strength in Amateur and Professional Guitarists

2020 ◽  
Vol 06 (04) ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
Hannah D’souza ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Data ◽  
Movement Patterns ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Pinch Strength ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Good Strength ◽  
The Right

Background: Guitarists use complex and different movement patterns in both hands simultaneously. Applying pressure on the strings and strumming both require good strength whereas playing the melody on the fret-board demands good proprioception. There is a need to find out if guitarists perform functionally well with respect to pinch strength and proprioception which are prerequisites for playing the guitar. Therefore, the aim of the study is to assess and compare finger proprioception and pinch strength in amateur and professional guitarists. Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted on 50 amateur and 50 professional guitarists from Mumbai. A self-made questionnaire including their demographic data was asked to be filled. Proprioception was measured using the pinch aperture proprioception device and lateral pinch strength was measured using the Jamar® Hydraulic Pinch Gauge. The average of 3 trials was taken for finger proprioception and lateral pinch strength. The data obtained was then taken for further analysis. Result: Professional guitarists had better finger proprioception (p value = 0.0001 for both right & left hands) and lateral pinch strength (p value =0.0159, 0.0001 for the right & left hand respectively) than amateur guitarists. Also, the left hand had better finger proprioception (p value <0.0001, 0.0059 for amateur & professional guitarists respectively) and right hand had better lateral pinch strength (p value=0.0001 for both professional and amateur guitarists) in both professional and amateur guitarists. Conclusion: Professional guitarists had significantly better finger Proprioception and lateral pinch strength as compared to the amateur guitarists.

Distribution and Characteristics of Intrathoracic Lymphadenopathy in TB/HIV Co-Infection

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 414-420
Author(s):  
Payam Mehrian ◽  
Abtin Doroudinia ◽  
Moghadaseh Shams ◽  
Niloufar Alizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Short Axis ◽  
Mediastinal Lymph Nodes ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hilar Adenopathy ◽  
The Right ◽  
Pulmonary Abnormalities

Background: Intrathoracic Lymphadenopathy (ITLN) in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infected patients may have various etiologies and prognoses. Etiologies of ITLN can be distinguished based on the distribution of enlarged lymph nodes. Sometimes tuberculosis (TB) is the first sign of underlying HIV infection. Objective: We sought to determine ITLN distribution and associated pulmonary findings in TB/HIV co-infection using Computed Tomography (CT) scan. Methods: In this retrospective, observational, cross-sectional study, chest CT scans of 52 patients with TB/HIV co-infection were assessed for enlarged intrathoracic lymph nodes (>10 mm in short axis diameter), lymphadenopathy (LAP) distribution, calcification, conglomeration, the presence of hypodense center and associated pulmonary abnormalities. LAP distribution was compared in TB/HIV co-infection with isolated TB infection. Results: Mediastinal and/or hilar LAP were seen in 53.8% of TB/HIV co-infection patients. In all cases, LAP was multinational. The most frequent stations were right lower paratracheal and subcarinal stations. Lymph node conglomeration, hypodense center and calcification were noted in 25%, 21.4% and 3.5% of patients, respectively. LAP distribution was the same as that in patients with isolated TB infection except for the right hilar, right upper paratracheal and prevascular stations. All patients with mediastinal and/or hilar adenopathy had associated pulmonary abnormalities. Conclusion: All patients with TB/HIV co-infection and mediastinal and/or hilar adenopathy had associated pulmonary abnormalities. Superior mediastinal lymph nodes were less commonly affected in TB/HIV co-infection than isolated TB.

scholarly journals Obstetric Violence in Spain (Part III): Healthcare Professionals, Times and Areas

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3359
Author(s):  
Desirée Mena-Tudela ◽  
Susana Iglesias-Casás ◽  
Víctor Manuel González-Chordá ◽  
María Jesús Valero-Chillerón ◽  
Laura Andreu-Pejó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Informed Consent ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Obstetric Violence

Background: Obstetric violence is a worldwide public health problem, which seems greater in Spain. As no studies were found that identify the most representative healthcare professionals, times, and areas involved in obstetric violence, the objective of this work was to study at what time of maternity, with which professionals, and in what areas women identified obstetric violence. Methods: This descriptive, retrospective, and cross-sectional study was performed from January 2018 to June 2019. The main variables were the area (hospital, primary care, both), the time (pregnancy, birth, puerperium), and the professionals attending to women. Results: Our sample comprised 17,541 participants. The area identified with the most obstetric violence for the different studied variables was hospitals. Women identified more obstetric violence at time of birth. Findings such as lack of information and informed consent (74.2%), and criticism of infantile behavior and treatment (87.6%), stood out. The main identified healthcare professionals were midwives and gynecologists, and “other” professionals repeatedly appeared. Conclusions: Having identified the professionals, times, and areas of most obstetric violence in Spain, it seems necessary to reflect on not only the Spanish National Health System’s structure and management but also on healthcare professionals’ training.

scholarly journals Assessment of the virtual guide on eye self-examination in the context of HIV/AIDS

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (spe1) ◽  
pp. 87-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennara Candido Nascimento ◽  
Maria Alzete Lima ◽  
Paulo Cesár de Almeida ◽  
Lorita Marlena Freitag Pagliuca ◽  
Joselany Áfio Caetano
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eye Health ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Socioeconomic Profile ◽  
The Right ◽  
Self Examination ◽  
Text Illustrations ◽  
Hiv Aids

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the efficacy of a virtual guide with a view to promoting eye health. METHODS: Cross-sectional study carried out with 130 HIV/AIDS patients from an ambulatory unit between May and August/2010. The data was collected through interviews and observation, using three forms that addressed the socioeconomic profile, understanding and performing the virtual guide eye self-examination. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, χ² and Fisher-Freeman-Halton tests. It was considered statistically significant p <0.05. RESULTS: The virtual guide was positively evaluated in the categories of understanding and adequacy of text illustrations. There was statistically significant difference between the tests performed with this virtual guide (p=0.036). Comparing the results obtained by participants and researchers, we observed similarities in the findings (p>0.140), excepting only the evaluation of the right eyelid. CONCLUSION: The virtual guide helped developing proper eye self-exam, enabling people to notice alterations in their eyes.

scholarly journals Organ donation perception and beliefs: a cross sectional study amongst degree college students and teachers in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 399
Author(s):  
Priyanka Gupta ◽  
Shreya Sodhani ◽  
Kamaxi Bhate
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
College Teachers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Deceased Organ Donation ◽  
The Right

Background: Studies have shown that there is a lack of understanding about deceased organ donation. An adequate knowledge and the right attitude towards organ donation helps create a positive influence on people which may increase the organ donation rate. Since young students are less prejudiced and easily accept new ideas, it is necessary to educate the youth about organ donation through their teachers. At the same time, it is imperative to train teachers who will be responsible for spreading awareness so that they can include this topic in their lessons.Methods: A cross- sectional study was conducted among the degree college teachers and students in Mumbai city from November 2017- January 2018, after obtaining the institutional ethical approval and written informed consent. Using purposive sampling, teachers and students of degree colleges in Mumbai were approached, out of which 40 students and 40 teachers consented to participate in the study. A self-administered questionnaire was used to assess the pre-existing understanding, beliefs, perception and attitude about deceased organ donation.  Results: Limited number of degree college teachers and students were aware of the various terminologies related to organ donation. Organ donation definition was correctly answered by 23 teachers (57.5%) and 17 students (42.5%). The correct meaning of brainstem death was known to 19 teachers (47.5%) and 2 students (5%). There are certain misconceptions and perceptions about deceased organ donation among both the teachers and the students. 13 teachers (32.5%) and 16 students (40%) believed that donor family will be revealed about the recipient’s details. 7 teachers (17.5%) and 18 students (45%) were of the opinion that government provides monetary support to donor families. decision of organ donation after death rests on relatives was known to 33 teachers (82.5%) and 21 students (52.5%). About 6 teachers (15%) and 18 students (45%) wrongly believed that if conflicts arise between relatives’ organs can still be donated. There’s no possibility of buying /selling of organs in India was known 27 teachers (67.5%) and 31 students (77.5%). About 34 teachers (85%) and 31 students (77.5%) wanted to pledge for organ donation after death. 90% teachers and 80% students said they think deceased organ donation awareness should be incorporated in the education curriculum.Conclusions: 85% of the study subjects (both teachers and students) felt the need of intensifying organ donation awareness programmes. Thus, organ donation awareness should be effectively incorporated in the educational curriculum.

scholarly journals Transversus abdominis and multifidus asymmetry in runners measured by MRI: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. e000556
Author(s):  
Ulrike H Mitchell ◽  
A Wayne Johnson ◽  
Patrick J Owen ◽  
Timo Rantalainen ◽  
Daniel Belavy
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Transversus Abdominis ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Multifidus Muscle ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Right

ObjectiveThe transversus abdominis muscle (TrA) is active during running as a secondary respiratory muscle and acts, together with the multifidus, as trunk stabiliser. The purpose of this study was to determine size and symmetry of TrA and multifidus muscles at rest and with contraction in endurance runners without low back pain.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingA medical imaging centre in Melbourne, Australia.ParticipantsThirty middle-aged (43years±7) endurance-trained male (n=18) and female (n=12) runners without current or history of low back pain.Outcome measuresMRI at rest and with the core engaged. The TrA and multifidus muscles were measured for thickness and length (TrA) and anteroposterior and mediolateral thickness (multifidus). Muscle activation was extrapolated from rest to contraction and compared with the same and contralateral side. Paired t-tests were performed to compare sides and contraction status.ResultsLeft and right TrA and multifidus demonstrated similar parameters at rest (p>0.05). However, with contraction, the right TrA and multifidus (in mediolateral direction) were 9.2% (p=0.038) and 42% (p<0.001) thicker, respectively, than their counterparts on the left. There was no TrA thickness side difference with contraction in left-handed participants (p=0.985). When stratified by sex, the contracted TrA on the right side remained 8.4% thicker, but it was no longer statistically significant (p=0.134). The side difference with contraction of the TrA became less with increasing training age.ConclusionsRight-handed long-term runners without low back pain exhibit a greater right side core muscle activation when performing an isometric contraction. This activation preference diminishes with increasing training age.

scholarly journals The Effect of Patient Characteristics and Sleep Quality on Visual Field Performance Reliability

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swarup S. Swaminathan ◽  
Matthew B. Greenberg ◽  
Elizabeth A. Vanner ◽  
Kara M. Cavuoto ◽  
Sarah R. Wellik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Mean Deviation ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Right

Purpose. To investigate the association of automated visual field (VF) reliability indices (false positive [FP], false negative [FN], and fixation loss [FL]) and sleep quality, VF experience, and age. Methods. Prospective, cross-sectional study. Adult patients (age ≥ 18 years) completing automated VF testing were invited to participate. Baseline participant characteristics were obtained, and all participants were asked to complete the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire. Nonparametric Spearman correlations and logistical regression models were performed. Results. 63 patients were enrolled. Lower PSQI score was correlated with higher percentage (%) FL in the right eye (p=0.03). Fewer prior VF was significantly correlated with higher %FP in the right eye (p=0.008). Older age was significantly correlated with higher %FN in the left eye (p=0.01). Greater mean deviation (MD) and pattern standard deviation (PSD) were strongly correlated with higher %FN in the right (p=0.02 and 0.002, resp.) and left eyes (p=0.01 and 0.02, resp.). Conclusion. In this prospective, cross-sectional study, worse MD and PSD are strongly correlated with increased FN in both eyes. Increased FN in the left eye associated with older age might be attributable to test fatigue. Worse sleep quality is associated with decreased FL in the right eye.

Informed consent practices by junior medical officers: a cross-sectional study

2016 ◽  
Vol 86 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 10-11
Author(s):  
Nicholas W. S. Smith ◽  
Joseph Overland ◽  
Marcus Wagstaff
Keyword(s):  
Informed Consent ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional
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