scholarly journals Obstetric Violence in Spain (Part III): Healthcare Professionals, Times and Areas

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3359
Author(s):  
Desirée Mena-Tudela ◽  
Susana Iglesias-Casás ◽  
Víctor Manuel González-Chordá ◽  
María Jesús Valero-Chillerón ◽  
Laura Andreu-Pejó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Informed Consent ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Obstetric Violence

Background: Obstetric violence is a worldwide public health problem, which seems greater in Spain. As no studies were found that identify the most representative healthcare professionals, times, and areas involved in obstetric violence, the objective of this work was to study at what time of maternity, with which professionals, and in what areas women identified obstetric violence. Methods: This descriptive, retrospective, and cross-sectional study was performed from January 2018 to June 2019. The main variables were the area (hospital, primary care, both), the time (pregnancy, birth, puerperium), and the professionals attending to women. Results: Our sample comprised 17,541 participants. The area identified with the most obstetric violence for the different studied variables was hospitals. Women identified more obstetric violence at time of birth. Findings such as lack of information and informed consent (74.2%), and criticism of infantile behavior and treatment (87.6%), stood out. The main identified healthcare professionals were midwives and gynecologists, and “other” professionals repeatedly appeared. Conclusions: Having identified the professionals, times, and areas of most obstetric violence in Spain, it seems necessary to reflect on not only the Spanish National Health System’s structure and management but also on healthcare professionals’ training.

scholarly journals Obstetric Violence in Spain (Part I): Women’s Perception and Interterritorial Differences

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
pp. 7726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desirée Mena-Tudela ◽  
Susana Iglesias-Casás ◽  
Víctor Manuel González-Chordá ◽  
Águeda Cervera-Gasch ◽  
Laura Andreu-Pejó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Informed Consent ◽  
Maternity Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Autonomous Communities ◽  
Obstetric Violence ◽  
The Mean

The decentralization of health systems can have direct repercussions on maternity care. Some inequalities can be noted in outcomes, like neonatal and child mortality in Spain. This study aimed to make the presence of obstetric violence in Spain visible as an interterritorial equity criterion. A descriptive, restrospective and cross-sectional study was conducted between January 2018 and June 2019. The sample comprised 17,541 questionnaires, which represented all Spanish Autonomous Communities. Of our sample, 38.3% perceived having suffered obstetric violence; 44.4% perceived that they had undergone unnecessary and/or painful procedures, of whom 83.4% were not requested to provide informed consent. The mean satisfaction with the attention women received obtained 6.94 points in the general sample and 4.85 points for those women who viewed themselves as victims of obstetric violence. Spain seems to have a serious problem with public health and respecting human rights in obstetric violence. Offering information to women and requesting their informed consent are barely practiced in the healthcare system, so it is necessary to profoundly reflect on obstetric practices with, and request informed consent from, women in Spain.

scholarly journals Anemia among HIV Infected Children on Highly Active Anti Retroviral Therapy in Wolaita Zone, South Ethiopia: a facility based cross sectional study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mesay Lema Geleta ◽  
Fithamlak Bisetegn Solomon ◽  
Efrata Girma Tufa ◽  
Fekadu Elias Sadamo ◽  
Samson Kastro
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
South Ethiopia ◽  
Highly Active

Abstract Background Anemia is a global public health problem and most of the HIV positive people become anemic at some point in the course of the disease. We lack adequate evidence on the magnitude of anemia among children on highly active anti retroviral therapy in Ethiopia and particularly in South Ethiopia. Thus, this study aimed at determining the proportion and associated factors of anemia among children on highly active anti retroviral therapy in Wolaita zone, South Ethiopia.Method a facility based cross-sectional study has been conducted from November to December 2018 on 256 children 6 months to 14 years of age who were on Anti retroviral therapy. Data were collected through an interview with caregivers and review of medical records. CD4+ cell count was analyzed using FACS caliber and Hemoglobin level was measured with Hem cue 301 analyzer. Stool sample was examined for presence of intestinal parasites by direct wet mount technique. Data analyzed with Stata version 14.0 were conveyed in mean and standard deviation of the mean, median and inter-quartile range. Multivariate analysis was carried out to identify independent predictors of the outcome variable. Adjusted Odds Ratio with 95% confidence interval was reported.Results The magnitude of anemia was found to be 38.8%. Taking Co-trimoxazole antibiotic prophylaxis (AOR=.45; 95% CI: .21, .95), caregivers’ not receiving nutritional counseling (AOR=09; 95% CI: .01, .98) and presence of intestinal parasites (AOR=3.10; 95% CI: 1.39, 6.88) were associated with anemia.Conclusion The magnitude of anemia obtained in this study is a moderate public health problem. Health education programs in Anti Retroviral Therapy clinics should be targeted at appropriate dietary practice, and appropriate hand washing and other hygienic practices to prevent intestinal parasitic infections. Co-trimoxazole prophylaxis should give given to all eligible children based on the recommendation.

scholarly journals ANGKA KEJADIAN MEROKOK PADA PASIEN TB PARU YANG BEROBAT DI POLIKLINIK DOTS PADA BULAN NOVEMBER 2014

e-CliniC ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Widyanita K. Silo ◽  
M. C. P. Wongkar ◽  
Yuanita A. Langi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Lung Tuberculosis ◽  
Keywords Lung

Abstract: Lung Tuberculosis is an infectious disease that remains as a public health problem. Several studies suggest a significant relationship between smoking and lung tuberculosis. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of smoking in patients of lung tuberculosis in DOTS Polyclinic Prof. Dr R. D. Kandou Hospital, Manado. This was a descriptive cross - sectional study conducted in October 2014. Samples included 57 people. Total of lung tuberculosis patients who smoked were 33 people; 28 were males (84.8 %). In the age group of 56-65 years there were 9 people (27.3 %). The most frequent of jobs were self-employed (8 people; 24.2 %). The results showed that the incidence of smoking in patients of lung tuberculosis approximately 57.9 %. Keywords: lung tuberculosis, smoking.Abstrak: Penyakit TB paru merupakan penyakit infeksi yang masih menjadi masalah kesehatan dalam masyarakat. Beberapa penelitian menyebutkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara merokok dengan TB paru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui angka kejadian merokok pada pasien TB paru di Poliklinik DOTS RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Desain penelitian adalah cross-sectional terhadap pasien TB paru yang berobat di Poliklinik DOTS RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado pada bulan November 2014. Sampel berjumlah 57 orang. Jumlah pasien TB paru yang merokok adalah 33 orang, dimana jenis kelamin terbanyak laki-laki yaitu 28 orang (84,8%). Kelompok umur 56-65 tahun adalah yang terbanyak yaitu 9 orang (27,3%), dan pekerjaan terbanyak adalah wiraswasta 8 orang (24,2%). Hasil dari penelitian ini didapatkan angka kejadian merokok pada pasien TB paru sekitar 57,9% dari keseluruhan data.Kata kunci: TB paru, merokok

scholarly journals Facility infrastructure of primary health services regarding tuberculosis control: a countrywide cross-sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Baumgarten ◽  
Juliana B. Hilgert ◽  
Ione C. Pinto ◽  
Fabiana C. M. Zacharias ◽  
Alexandre F. Bulgarelli
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tb Control ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Health Centres

Abstract Background Tuberculosis (TB) is still a major public health problem in many countries, including Brazil. Primary health care (PHC) services are a set of important services with infrastructure and resources to diagnose, treat, and cure several diseases, including the TB. Aim The aim of this study is to analyse aspects of the facility infrastructure of Brazilian PHC, regarding the control and treatment of TB from a countrywide perspective. Methods This is a cross-sectional study based on PHC services. Data were collected from 38,812 health centres and were assessed by means of the National Program for Improving Access and Quality Primary Care. The outcome was obtained by the presence and availability of the following infrastructure items: air circulation in the consultation room, refrigerator, individual protective equipment, plastic jar for sputum examination, and TB notification form of the primary care information system. Poisson regression was used to calculate the prevalence ratio. Findings Of the 38,812 evaluated centres, only 1628 (4.2%) presented a positive result regarding the outcome. Primary health centres, among all types of centres, presented the highest quality of facility infrastructure for TB control. Centres with large workloads, as well as those that presented a list of offered services and a welcoming consulting room, also presented the highest quality infrastructure. The present study shows that major improvements should be made to the infrastructure to reach a satisfactory TB control in Brazil.

scholarly journals The prevalence of retinopathy in diabetes mellitus and associated risk factors: a community-based cross sectional study in peri urban area

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 2226
Author(s):  
Sanjeev K. Gupta ◽  
Anshuman Sharma ◽  
Sanjay Agarwal ◽  
Sanjay Gupta ◽  
Shalini Sarouthia
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Visual impairment i.e. diabetic retinopathy is the one of most common manifestation of diabetes mellitus. Globally it is becoming an increasing public health problem especially in the developing countries because of increase in number of diabetic patients.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in the vicinity of Urban Heath and Training Centre (UHTC), Peoples University, Bhopal over a period of 6 months through screening in camps held, which included a total of 840 participants (aged ≥25 years) by following simple random procedure and in those who had newly diagnosed or long standing diabetes were referred to ophthalmologist for further evaluation. Retinopathy was determined by ophthalmoscopy and fundus photography. Anthropometric measurements (BMI), glycosylated haemoglobin were also evaluated among the confirmed diabetic patients in the study.Results: An increased prevalence of diabetes (5.95%) and retinopathy (28%) (95% CI 11.2-32.0) was found. In all age groups prevalence of bilateral blindness, bilateral low vision, unilateral blindness and unilateral low vision were respectively 2%, 28%, 0%, 70%. Independent risk indicators for the occurrence of diabetes such as age, BMI, HbA1c, were found significant for the occurrence of retinopathy in the study population.Conclusions: Visual impairment due to diabetic retinopathy remains an important public health problem in people with diabetes so timely interventions are required to resolve this major issue.

scholarly journals Water, sanitation, and hygiene as a priority intervention for stunting in under-five children in northwest Ethiopia: a community-based cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayechew Ademas ◽  
Metadel Adane ◽  
Awoke Keleb ◽  
Gete Berihun ◽  
Getu Tesfaw
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Sanitation And Hygiene

Abstract Background Stunting was a significant public health problem for under-five in developing countries including Ethiopia. Globally, it was estimated 21.9% or 149 million (81.7 million in Asia and 58.8 million in Africa) under-five children stunted in 2018. In East Africa, 24 million are stunted which is the highest-burden from African regions. Hence, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of stunting and its association with Water Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) in northwestern Ethiopia. Method A community-based cross-sectional study design was conducted among 630 participants from December to mid-January 2019. From five kebeles, two were selected by a simple random sampling technique for the study. To reach study participants a systematic sampling technique was used. Data were collected by using an observational checklist, pretested questionnaire, and anthropometric measurement. Anthropometric indicator, height-for-age was determined using the current World Health Organization (WHO) growth standards. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was computed to analyze the data. From the multivariable analysis the Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) with 95% Confidence Interval (CI) and P-value < 0.05 were used to declare statistical significance. Result The prevalence of stunting among under-five children was 35.6% (95%CI; 31.9–39.5%). The result from this study showed that having illiterate father and mother, give birth before marriage (single), large family size, short maternal height, unimproved drinking water source, unimproved sanitation, poor hygienic practice, having diarrhea in the previous 2 weeks before the data collection, method of child feeding, age at which complementary feeding started, frequency of feeding, not deworming and mothers who had antenatal care visit of fewer than three times were statistically associated with stunting. Conclusion In this study, stunting was an important public health problem among under-five children. It remains the same as the national average prevalence of Ethiopia. To alleviate this problem proper family planning utilization, good dietary intake, maternal and paternal education, and WASH interventions are critical.

scholarly journals A study on stigma and apprehensions related to COVID-19 among healthcare professionals in Delhi

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 4547
Author(s):  
Kartikey Yadav ◽  
Ananya Ray Laskar ◽  
S. K. Rasania
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Perceived Stigma ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public Health Emergencies ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Public health emergencies during pandemics of communicable diseases, may cause fear leading to social isolation and stigma. Cases have been reported of healthcare professionals (HCPs), facing discrimination on account of heightened fear and misinformation. However, there is dearth of literature with regards to the nature and magnitude of this stigma. Hence, this study was conducted to assess perceived and experienced stigma related to the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among HCPs and also assess their apprehensions about testing, quarantine/isolation and consuming Hydroxy-chloroquine as prophylaxis (HCQ).Methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken among the HCPs working in Delhi during the period May to July 2020. The study was conducted using a semi-structured online questionnaire which was circulated on official contact numbers and email IDs of HCPs in the Google.doc format.Result: Seventy percent of the participants in the current study perceived some kind of stigma, 50% of study participants perceived some form of stigma in their residential colony, 46% observed change in behaviour of their neighbours. Around 20% of participants experienced stigma, most commonly being rude behaviour or harassment from neighbour/landlord. A statistically significant association was observed between marital status (p=0.038), designation (p=0.021) and place of stay (p=0.013) of the study participants and perceived stigma among them. The level of awareness regarding HCQ was high (94.3%), but more than 60% didn’t consume it due to apprehension about side effects.Conclusion: In view of the substantial stigma faced by the HCP, necessary measures to curb the fear and dispel misinformation related to COVID-19 must be undertaken. the rural population.

scholarly journals Identification of socio-demographic factors and the causes of poor adherances of urban DOTS in Biratnagar

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
V Kattel ◽  
R Rizal ◽  
D Katwal ◽  
S Subedi ◽  
G Kattel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Poor Compliance ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
Severe Degree

Background : TB is a major public health problem. Though Investigation and chemotherapy is free of cost we are still facing poor compliance and severe degree of disease among the poorly treated ones. We have tried to explore into reasons behind it. Methodology : It was a retrospective cross- sectional study done at Biratnagar Sub-metro Politian City. Result : People accept DOTS. They visit as early as they are referred but are diagnosed lately. They have multiple reasons to quit the treatment before completion. Conclusion : We found that early diagnosis and proper counselling about the need of prolonged regime of treatment and its side effects are important factors in preventing transmission and poor compliance. Keywords: TB; DOTS; HIV; BPKIHS; cases; defaulters     DOI: 10.3126/saarctb.v7i1.3957SAARC J. TUBER. LUNG DIS. HIV/AIDS 2010 VII(1) 13-18

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