scholarly journals A retrospective study (2015-2019) of avian salmonellosis diagnosed at the Central Diagnostic Laboratory of the National Veterinary Institute, Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 144-147
Author(s):  
Barde Israel Joshua ◽  
◽  
Ndam Daushe Nangor ◽  
Oladele Blessing Sunday ◽  
Fatihu Mohammed Yakasai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Programs ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
National Veterinary Institute ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Veterinary Research ◽  
Plateau State ◽  
Biosecurity Practices ◽  
National Veterinary Research Institute ◽  
Veterinary Institute ◽  
Analyze Data

Salmonella organisms are widely distributed in nature and survive well in a variety of food and contamination and can occur at multiple steps along the food chain. The study was conducted at the Central Diagnostic Laboratory of the National Veterinary Research Institute (N.V.R.I) located in Vom Jos South Local Government Area of Plateau State Nigeria. Information was obtained via postmortem records and laboratory results that isolated Salmonella species were retrieved and analyzed retrospectively in the study area for five years. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze data while tables were used for result proportions presented in percentages. A total of 2512 cases of poultry diseases were documented for a period of five years from 2015 to 2019 with an average of 502.4 cases annually. A total of 436 of salmonellosis was documented during the period under review and an average of 87.2 cases annually. 24.4% prevalence was recorded in 2018 and 12.4% in 2015. 2019 had the highest prevalence of 28.4 with an average avian salmonellosis prevalence of 19%. 24.6% avian salmonellosis was recorded in the age bracket of 5 to 8 weeks, 29.5% was documented in the age bracket of 9 to 12 weeks which was the second highest and 33.3% in the age bracket of 0 to 4 which was the highest. Avian salmonellosis affects all types of birds. Out of 436 positive avian salmonellosis cases recorded in the period under review, 251 were layers while 156 were broilers with 29 being local birds and cockerels. This study does explicitly indicate that avian salmonellosis is highly prevalence in the study area and this could play a great role in lowering poultry productivity in the study area, thereby highlighting the need for effective health programs like good biosecurity practices and vaccination in order to boost poultry production.

scholarly journals Prevalence Study of Gastrointestinal Helminth in Domestics Dogs (Canis Familiaris) Slaughtered in Selected Abattoirs in Plateau State, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Armstrong Yusuf Chanding ◽  
Yahaya Abdullahi Umar ◽  
Tanko James Tenshak ◽  
Shuaibu Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Canis Familiaris ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Veterinary Research ◽  
Gastrointestinal Helminth ◽  
Dipylidium Caninum ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Plateau State ◽  
Zoonotic Parasites ◽  
National Veterinary Research Institute

Being that dogs are domestic animals to man, they are also consumed as meat. This study therefore aimed to determine the presence of gastrointestinal helminth of dogs in the two Local Government Areas of Plateau State, Nigeria namely Jos South and Pankshin and also to identify possible risk factors of zoonosis. Gastrointestinal content of 228 slaughtered dogs in abattoirs were selected randomly from Unguwarkare in Jos South and Kurum, in Pankshin LGAs. Samples were conveyed to the parasitological division of the National Veterinary Research Institute (N.V.R.I) Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria for analysis. The Post-mortem Differential Parasite Counts procedure as described by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) was used for the analysis. Of the total 228 feacal samples analysed, 138 (60.53%) were positive for at least one of the intestinal parasites. Among the gastrointestinal helminth, Taenia pisiformis, Dipylidium caninum and Echinococusgranulosus were the cestodes recorded with prevalence of 36.84%, 12.72% and 1.75% respectively. Nematodes recorded were Ancylostoma caninum (3.51%), Toxocaracanis (4.83%) and Trichurisvulpis(0.88%). However, from the 114 samples collected from Unguwarkare study area, 77(67.54%) were positive for the various intestinal helminthes which include Taenia spp. (42.98%), D. caninum (1316%) and E. granulosus (2.63%). As for the nematodes, A. caninum, T. canis and T. vulpis recorded 3.51%, 2.63% and 0.88% prevalences respectively. The parasites recorded from the remaining 114 samples analysed at Kurum include 28.95% T. pisiformis, 12.28% D. caninum and 0.88% E. granulosus while the nematodes recorded wereT. Canis (7.02%), A. caninum (3.51%) and T. vulpis (0.88%). The study revealed the presence of zoonotic gastrointestinal helminthes in dogs in the study areas with highest infection rate recorded at Unguwarkare in Jos South LGA compared with those of Kurum community of Pankshin LGA. Therefore, the general public in the said areas are at high risk of being infected with any of the zoonotic parasites. 

scholarly journals Fungal Infections in Plateau State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 67-79
Author(s):  
L. U. Enurah ◽  
S. J. Shaibu ◽  
A. A. Bitrus ◽  
A. H. Momoh- Zekeri ◽  
L. H. Lombin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Veterinary Research ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Plateau State ◽  
Good Hygiene ◽  
National Veterinary Research Institute

This paper describes a study carried out on people of different ages with various skin diseases who submitted themselves for examination and diagnoses at the Dermatophylosis Research Centre of the National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria. Samples of skin scrapping were collected and cultured on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) while some were examined under the microscope for possible morphological identification of the fungi. The results showed that out of the thirty samples analyzed, nine genera of fungi were isolated comprising of Trichophyton 10 (33.3%), Aspergillus 9 (30%), Penicillum 4 (13.32%), Microsporum 2 (6.70%), Epidermorphyton 1 (3.33%), Trichosporum   1 (3.33%), Cryptococcus 1 (3.33%), Mucor 1 (3.33%), and Cephalosporium  1 (3.33). The study revealed high incidence of human fungal diseases, a situation that calls for good hygiene practices in the study area to mitigate and possibly eradicate the prevalence of human skin diseases in the rural area of Plateau State.

Phytochemical and Antibacterial Activities of Combined Leaves and Flower Extracts of English Camphor Basil (Ocimum canum) on Some Selected Bacteria Associated with Skin Infections

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (06) ◽  
pp. 20246-20253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gberikon, G.M ◽  
Dabo, A. D ◽  
Agbo, E.B
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Skin Infections ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Veterinary Research ◽  
Pharmacological Significance ◽  
Test Organisms ◽  
Plateau State ◽  
Phytochemical Components ◽  
National Veterinary Research Institute

Phytochemical and antibacterial activities of combined leaves and flower extracts of English camphor basil (Ocimum canum) on some selected bacteria associated with skin infections was investigated. Plant samples were collected at Mista Ali, Bassa LGA of Plateau State. Phytochemical analysis was carried out in the Biochemistry Laboratory of National Veterinary Research Institute Vom (NVRI), located in Jos South LGA. The test organisms, S. aureus, S. pyogenes, P. aeruginosa, S. marcescens, E. faecalis were obtained from the microbial banks of bacteriology and dermatophilosis sections of NVRI, Vom and were standardized with a Nephelometer.  Quantitatively, the leaves and flower ethanolic extracts were tested individually and in combination against bacteria associated with skin infections both extracts showed the presence of steroids, cardiac glycosides and flavonoids while tannins were detected in the leaves extract only. There was significant (p<0.05) variation in the quantity of inherent phytochemical components of the extracts. Cardiac glycoside had the highest concentrations (0.64±0.02 and 0.54±0.02) in the leaves and flower extracts respectively. Leaves extract showed activity against test bacteria except E. faecalis. Strains of S. pyogenes and S. aureus were only susceptible to flower extract. The MBC ranged from 50-100mg/ml for the sensitive bacterial isolates. Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Index (FICI) from the combined extracts varied from 1.89 to 3.97 on the test bacteria that showed lack of interaction (FICI<4). Thus, combination of leaves and flower of O. canum may not exhibit any advantage. However, the plant contain bioactive constituents of pharmacological significance and should be explore for more potentials.

scholarly journals Sero-Detection of Avian Influenza A/H7 in Nigerian Live-Bird Markets in Plateau State

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-174
Author(s):  
C.N. Chinyere ◽  
E.C. Okwor ◽  
C.A. Meseko ◽  
W.S. Ezema ◽  
N.D. Choji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Haemagglutination Inhibition ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Live Bird Market ◽  
Live Bird Markets ◽  
Plateau State ◽  
Keywords Influenza ◽  
Live Bird

Avian influenza has been reported in domestic birds in Nigeria since 2006 and subtype H5 of the Gs/Gg lineage has continued to be detected up till date. It has been suggested that waterfowls and local birds sold in live-bird markets may be natural reservoir and source of reinfection of different subtype of avian influenza in poultry farms. This study aims at serodetection of avian influenza virus in waterfowls and local birds at live-bird markets in Plateau State, Nigeria. A total of three hundred and nine (309) blood samples were  collected over a period of three months and two hundred and ninety-two (292) sera were analysed by c-ELISA for influenza A nucleoprotein using standard protocols. Haemagglutination Inhibition (HI) specific for subtypes H5, H9, and H7 was also carried out using standard protocols on ELISA positive samples. The results showed seroprevalence of 5.14% (n=15) for influenza A. Serotype H7 was thereafter detected by HI in 5 of the 15 influenza A positive samples. The H7 positive sera also reacted with H7N3, H7N4, H7N1 and H7N7 virus strains with HI titre ranging between 1:32 to 1:512. This investigation for the first time showed serological evidence of influenza A subtype H7 in local birds and waterfowls sold at the live bird market in Nigeria. Further virological surveillance to isolate the virus is important in order to better understand influenza virus epidemiology in Nigeria and the potential risk that other subtypesof influenza poses to poultry production and public health. Keywords: Influenza A, subtype H7, serological detection, live bird market, Nigeria.

scholarly journals A STUDY OF LACTATION CURVES OF IMPORTED FRESIAN CATTLE IN A TROPICAL ENVIRONMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 137-139
Author(s):  
J. A Ibwawuchi
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Tropical Environment ◽  
Veterinary Research Institute ◽  
Veterinary Research ◽  
Friesian Cattle ◽  
National Veterinary Research Institute ◽  
Research Institute

In 586 .iortrial laciabons of 150 Friesian cattle maintained at the National Veterinary' Research institute, Vom, from 1968 to 1983. Maximum milk production ,was attained in the fifth week of lactation. The fourth and sixth lactation curves showed superiority over the first, second, third and fifth. The curves apparently indicate that culling of unproductive animals before the 6th lactation could be economically unreasonable.

Molecular characterisation of Mycobacterium caprae strains isolated in Poland

2017 ◽  
Vol 182 (10) ◽  
pp. 292-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Krajewska-Wędzina ◽  
Monika Kozińska ◽  
Blanka Orłowska ◽  
Marcin Weiner ◽  
Krzysztof Szulowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Genotypic Diversity ◽  
Reference Laboratory ◽  
Molecular Characterisation ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Veterinary Research ◽  
Mycobacterium Caprae ◽  
Explicit Mention ◽  
Cattle Herds ◽  
National Veterinary Research Institute

Bovine tuberculosis (bovine TB, bTB) is caused by bovine bacilli: Mycobacterium bovis and M caprae. The studies conducted in Poland, in the National Bovine Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory in the Department of Microbiology of the National Veterinary Research Institute in Pulawy, show that animal tuberculosis in Poland is also caused by M caprae. We here describe the identification and genotypic assessment of 52 isolates of M caprae obtained from Polish cattle and wild animals over the last five years. We show that strains isolated from bison have significant genotypic diversity and are distinct compared with the genotypes of strains isolated from cattle. Similarly, isolates from cattle herds can be highly genotypically variable. Formal designation of the members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex is controversial in Poland; there is a gap in veterinary legislation with regard to bTB and no explicit mention of M caprae causing tuberculosis in animal.

Prevalence of Pneumonyssoides caninum infection in dogs in Sweden

2001 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
LK Gunnarsson ◽  
G Zakrisson ◽  
A Egenvall ◽  
DA Christensson ◽  
A Uggla
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Median Number ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
National Veterinary Institute ◽  
Caninum Infection ◽  
Agricultural Sciences ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Veterinary Institute ◽  
Small Breed

A prospective study of 474 dogs, 145 cats, and 66 wild red foxes submitted for necropsy to the Departments of Pathology at the National Veterinary Institute and the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden, was conducted to examine for the presence of Pneumonyssoides caninum, the canine nasal mite. Pneumonyssoides caninum (P. caninum) was found in 95 (20%) of the dogs but in none of the cats or foxes. The median number of P. caninum mites per infected dog was 13 (range, 1 to 250). Dogs older than 3 years of age were more often infected with P. caninum than younger dogs, and large-breed dogs were more often infected than small-breed dogs. No sex predisposition was found.

scholarly journals Estimation of the Age and Reproductive Performance of Wild-Born and Escaped Mink (Neovison vison) Caught in the Wild in Denmark

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 162
Author(s):  
Sussie Pagh ◽  
Cino Pertoldi ◽  
Mariann Chriel ◽  
Heidi Huus Petersen ◽  
Trine Hammer Jensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
National Veterinary Institute ◽  
Pulp Cavity ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cavity Width ◽  
Veterinary Institute

The feral mink population in Denmark consists of two groups of animals: mink born in the wild and mink that have recently escaped from farms. The aims of this study were to: (1) estimate the reproductive performance and mortality of the Danish mink born in the wild (wild-born) and mink escaped from farms (captive-born); (2) discuss the likelihood of a self-sustaining population of wild-born mink in Denmark; and (3) model the relationship between the pulp cavity width and the age of mink. During 2018, 247 wild caught mink were sent for necropsy at the Danish National Veterinary Institute. Based on body length, 112 were determined as captive-born and 96 as wild-born. The mean litter size ± SE of wild-born females was 7.6 ± 0.9 (range: 5–11 kits) and for captive-born females 5.9 ± 0.9 (range: 1–10 kits). The relationship between age (in months) of mink and pulp cavity width was highly significant. Individuals with a pulp cavity width of >35% were younger than one year. Based on fecundity, the turnover of the mink population was estimated to be 66%, and the yearly mortality was estimated at 69%. Hence, the population is slightly declining. In conclusion, a feral reproducing mink population in Denmark persists without a continuous influx of captive-born mink from farms.

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