STATE OF DOCTRINAL RESEARCH ON THE LEGAL REGULATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN RUSSIA BASED ON THE WORKS OF RUSSIAN LAWYERS

2021 ◽  
pp. 11-22
Author(s):  
Galina Andreeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
Current State

This review summarizes the statements of Russian scientists about the current state of scientific development of issues of legal regulation of AI, the complexities of the problems facing scientists and the assessment of the proposed ways to solve them in the most important aspects of legal regulation of AI.

Current State of Legislation, Law Enforcement and Judicial Practice in the Sphere of Conclusion, Modification and Termination of Lease Agreements for Land Plots, Concluded for Construction Purposes

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 16-23
Author(s):  
V. V. Cheremukhin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
Synthesis System ◽  
Judicial Practice ◽  
Current State ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Statistical Indicators

Construction, as a sphere of the national economy, has impressive statistical indicators, determining the importance and relevance of its proper legal regulation, especially in terms of land use for relevant purposes. This article discusses the current situation in the sphere of provision of land plots for construction purposes, further alteration and termination of the relevant lease relations; provides a detailed analysis of the current legislation, law enforcement and judicial practice in such sphere. The purpose of the article is to analyze and summarize legislation judicial and law enforcement practice in this area, as well as the development of specific directions for a comprehensive dissertation research, proposals for improving the legislation regulating these relations. This goal is achieved by solving tasks such as studying of the existing legal regulation of disputed legal relations, law enforcement and judicial practice, identification of problematic and conflict-of-laws issues in the field under consideration, review of the degree of scientific development of the research topic, determination of trends in the development of this sphere of legal relations, development of specific proposals for changing legislation and law enforcement practice. General scientific (synthesis, system analysis, analogy) and special (formal-legal, comparative-legal) methods are used to solve the above problems. Based on the results of consideration of these issues, the author formulates the main problems of the legal relations under consideration, an assessment of the current degree of scientific development of this field is given, the main directions of the planned scientific research are also outlined, proposals are formulated to improve legislation and law enforcement practice.

LEGAL REGULATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ROBOTICS: CONCEPTS AND PERSPECTIVES

2021 ◽  
pp. 128-135
Author(s):  
Tigran T. Aliyev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
Digital Algorithms ◽  
The Masses ◽  
And Robotics

More recently, the idea of a robot among laypeople was at the level of an "exhibition piece" that had little or no connection to real life, but rather was part of a theoretically possible future. But with the passage of time and the development of technology, artificial intelligence has been introduced into people's everyday lives: smartphones, robots that help and facilitate human life, electronic assistants in various kinds of services. At the same time, the relation-ship between robots and humans is still largely unregulated by law. The probability of unpre-dictable consequences is growing exponentially. In order to reduce the risk of such adverse consequences, the need for legal regulations plays a key role, the content of which is being reviewed and developed by leading lawyers and engineers. The Industrial Revolution changed the very notion of the ways and means of production in the minds of the masses in such a way that the process of robotisation and the introduction of artificial intelligence into various spheres of life became inevitable. Later on it was under-stood that human influence on production process began to decrease noticeably and was re-placed by programs, which with the help of digital algorithms determined behavior of robots and character of artificial intellect thinking. Russian legislation faced the task of legal assess-ment of the nature of artificial intelligence and regulation of its use. The article analyzes possible ways of disclosing the concept "artificial intelligence" as a legal category and its correlation to the concept "robot", deals with questions of legal respon-sibility for the work of artificial intelligence, studies the possibility of recognition of a robot possessing artificial intelligence as a subject of law. Purpose of work is to propose ways of legislation development in conditions of digitalisa-tion and introduction of artificial intelligence in everyday life. The topic of legal regulation of artificial intelligence and robotics is investigated on a scientific basis. The scientific basis of this article was formed on the basis of scientific works of foreign scientists (Higgins T., Musk I., Calo R., Frumkin A.M., Kerr I., Pagallo W., Walker J.). The scientific development of the content of this article was based on general scientific methods: analysis, synthesis, generalization, statistics, induction and deduction, interpretation, classification and comparative methods.

scholarly journals Promising directions of scientific research on the issues of operational-search combatting mercenary and violent crimes in Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 256-263
Author(s):  
Maryna Voloshyna
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
Search Activity ◽  
Violent Crimes ◽  
Current State ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
National Police ◽  
Personal Research

The article deals with issues of scientific elaboration of the problems of counteracting mercenary and violent crimes in Ukraine and the main directions of their scientific research. The article analyzes the main provisions of modern scientific developments in the field of criminal law, criminology, criminalistics, the theory of operational-search activity. The author, based on the analysis of existing points of view, the results of personal research, expresses his attitude to the aforementioned issue and proposes qualitatively new approaches to defining promising areas of scientific research on the issues of operational-search counteraction to mercenary and violent crimes in Ukraine. It is determined that the purpose of the article is to analyze the current state of scientific development of problems of operational and investigative counteraction to mercenary and violent crimes in Ukraine and outline promising areas of research on operational and investigative counteraction to mercenary and violent crimes in Ukraine in modern conditions. In the article the author analyzes in detail the scientific works of domestic scientists of different times on various aspects of combating mercenary and violent crime. In particular, issues of criminal law, criminology, forensic, criminal procedure and operational and investigative nature are studied. It is noted that in the territory of independent Ukraine a large number of scientists have studied the problematic issues of operational and investigative counteraction to mercenary and violent crimes both at the level of dissertations and at the level of scientific articles and textbooks. The author argues that the study of dissertations and monographs in recent years indicates a lack of general theoretical and organizational and tactical issues of operational and investigative counteraction to mercenary and violent crimes in Ukraine. Today remain: undefined and undeveloped: issues of normative-legal regulation of operative-search counteraction to mercenary-violent crimes; determining the features of operational and investigative characteristics of mercenary and violent crimes in Ukraine; content and direc-tions of improvement of information-analytical support of operative-search counteraction to mercenary-violent crimes; directions of internal and external cooperation of the National Police units in combating mercenary and violent crimes in Ukraine; tactical features of operational and investigative measures to combat mercenary and violent crimes in Ukraine, etc.

scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence in the Legal Space

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 314-327
Author(s):  
Oleg A Yastrebov
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Industrial Robots ◽  
Intellectual Activity ◽  
Current State ◽  
Human Labor ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Legal Space ◽  
Active Implementation

The active implementation of digital technologies into all spheres of public life, as well as the rapid development of artificial intelligence, is assuming a serious dimension, thus requiring a special attention of the legislator. The article examines the current state of the legal regulation of the artificial intelligence. The author considers the Strategy of the Information Society Development in the Russian Federation for 2017-2030, as well as provides some clear examples of active implementation of artificial intelligence into social reality. The author also provides the McKinsey consulting group's research findings which reflect the prospects for replacing human labor by robots. It is pointed out that the issue of total computerization and the corresponding displacement of a human from the sphere of intellectual activity is rather controversial. The article also discusses the main possible problems related to the artificial intelligence technologies: the problems of responsibility that may arise in the operation of industrial robots; the continuity of digital activity can affect the psychoemotional state. The issue of a possibility for creating robots with intelligence and endowed with personality is being considered from the Philosophy perspective. The conclusion is drawn that the theoretical study of the intellect and the "electronic person" is one of the possible redirections of the Russian law development in modern conditions.

scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence and Sui Generis Right: A Perspective for Copyright of Ukraine?

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 144-154
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Intellectual Property Rights ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Investment Theory ◽  
Current State ◽  
Protected Object ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Special Category ◽  
The Eu

This note explores the current state of and perspectives on the legal qualification of artificial intelligence (AI) outputs in Ukrainian copyright. The possible legal protection for AI-generated objects by granting sui generis intellectual property rights will be examined. As will be shown, AI remains a very challenging subject matter for legal regulation. This article seeks to identify the pros and cons of proposals in the Draft Law of Ukraine ‘On copyright and related rights’ on sui generis right relative to AI-generated objects. A comparative analysis of the EU Database Directive provisions is conducted regarding sui generis right to non-original databases. Investment theory will be considered as the only justification for a sui generis right protection of AI outputs aimed at the protection of substantial investments. The special criteria identifying the scope of the substantial investments in computer-generated objects are unclear in the Draft Law of Ukraine ‘On copyright and related rights’. The proposed provisions are considered premature since they cover the concept of fully autonomous AI. The article concludes that the adoption of the proposed provisions may lead to excessive legal protection, as a special category of protected object is not identified.

Artificial Intelligence and Inequality in the Middle East

2020 ◽  
pp. 624-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nagla Rizk
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Young Population ◽  
Mena Region ◽  
Poor Countries ◽  
Current State ◽  
Resource Poor ◽  
Youth Entrepreneurship ◽  
The Arab Spring ◽  
The Impact

This chapter looks at the challenges, opportunities, and tensions facing the equitable development of artificial intelligence (AI) in the MENA region in the aftermath of the Arab Spring. While diverse in their natural and human resource endowments, countries of the region share a commonality in the predominance of a youthful population amid complex political and economic contexts. Rampant unemployment—especially among a growing young population—together with informality, gender, and digital inequalities, will likely shape the impact of AI technologies, especially in the region’s labor-abundant resource-poor countries. The chapter then analyzes issues related to data, legislative environment, infrastructure, and human resources as key inputs to AI technologies which in their current state may exacerbate existing inequalities. Ultimately, the promise for AI technologies for inclusion and helping mitigate inequalities lies in harnessing grounds-up youth entrepreneurship and innovation initiatives driven by data and AI, with a few hopeful signs coming from national policies.

scholarly journals Commentary to “Practicing Dialectics of Technoscience During the Anthropocene” by Hub Zwart

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans-Jörg Rheinberger
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Biology ◽  
Philosophy Of Science ◽  
The Other ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
Current State

AbstractHub Zwart’s article is about the idea—and the practice—of an embedded philosophy of science, that is, a philosophy participating in and at the same time reflecting about the current state of the sciences facing the Anthropocene, to which I am very sympathetic. There are, however, two caveats. The first is that participation is always in danger to end up in a more or less uncritical eulogy, in the present case of synthetic biology. The second is that I have doubts about packing the historical path of scientific development into the Procrustes bed of Hegelian dialectics. This usually leads to one or the other form of teleology.

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