Protection of orphans and children left without parental care from violence and abuse: legal grounds and psychological assistance

The paper deals with the problem of abuse and violence against minors, among which the authors distinguish a special category: orphans and children left without parental care. Approaches to the definition and forms of violence and ill-treatment of minors are described. The psychological causes and consequences of violence and ill-treatment are analyzed. Technologies for providing psychological assistance to child victims of violence and abuse are offered. A significant part of the work is devoted to the consideration of the features of interdepartmental interaction on prevention and timely detection of signs and consequences of abuse and violence against children. The result of such an analysis was the development of a model regulation describing the procedural and legal issues of coordinating such interaction between specialists from different departments in order to protect the interests of minors. The work is addressed to psychologists, teachers, specialists of organizations for children.

Ceramic and Stone Bread Stamps of Taurica. To the Question of the Allocation of Stylistic Groups

Introduction. Among the liturgical objects of the Byzantine Christian cult, liturgical bread stamps make up a special category. Despite the fact that they have become widespread on the territory of the Byzantine Empire since late antique and early medieval times, for medieval Crimea they remain a rare find. The source base of the work consists of 34 ceramic and limestone bread stamps, discovered in different years in almost all regions of medieval Taurica. Of these, only 3 copies were not introduced into scientific circulation, which greatly simplifies the work and avoids unnecessary repetitions. Bronze and wooden bread stamps, which have a pronounced originality, are not considered in this work. Methods and materials. The standard methods, which usually involved for the study of archaeological materials, are used in the work: stratigraphic, typological, and comparative. Analysis. Despite the fact that each bread stamp found on the peninsula has individual features, the work for the first time made an attempt to distinguish several stable stylistic groups. The main criterion is the design features of the objects and the arrangement of the elements forming the composition. Results. The data obtained made it possible to conclude that today we can talk about 8 groups in which stamps of different morphology are presented. The chronological scope of the occurrence and the period of existence of each of these groups is different. Archaeological complexes are also different, where products of a particular group were recorded. In quantitative terms, the groups are also not uniform. Some of them form single specimens of prosphores, others are more numerous.

Zoomorphic Motifs on the Ceramics from the Selitrennoe Settlement

During the archaeological study of the Selitremmoe settlement, a significant number of ceramic materials were discovered, among which a special category is represented by fragments of vessels with zoomorphic motifs. The discovered fragments belong to local and imported ceramics. For the first group, the largest category of finds is represented by fragments with ornithomorphic images, among which a duck, a goose, a heron, as well as one image of a hoofed animal were identified. For imported ceramics, the image of fish is characteristic. The published materials supplement the information about the material and artistic culture of the population of Saray al-Jedid city, its cultural and trade relations.

The Dark Side of Resilient Leaders: Vampire Leadership

While ‘bad’ leaders can include incompetent, oc­casionally self-indulgent, and lazy leaders, an import­ant special category of leader has long been estab­lished in the literature for those whose egotism and ill-will toward others have corrupted ‘good’ leader­ship norms. Such behavior is generally called toxic. This essay further builds on that analysis by exam­ining leaders who are not simply occasionally toxic, but whose whole agenda is to fan division, hatred, and malignant collective delusion. The article first examines good leadership using servant and resil­ient leadership theory. Then it provides examples of varying degrees of toxicity based on eight elements in which good leadership is perverted. Finally, the ar­ticle looks at President Donald Trump as an example of ruthless rapaciousness and whose tenacity (re­silience) enables him to maximize his toxicity over time – vampire leadership.

Narrative and Polemic Aspects of Epistolary Communication in Ukraine of the Late 16th – Early 17th Century

The article analyses epistles as a form of communication in the framework of Ukrainian publicism in the late 16th – early 17th century, which is characterized by the interaction of various polemical forms of expression and their influence on the recipient. It is noted that epistolary texts were among the most popular forms at that time, and their role was strengthened with the proclamation of the Union of Brest (1596). Being able to promptly convey information, along with the development of methods for active polemicization, they came to be established as a means of communication, so epistolary works provided the opportunity to express ideas and, through various forms, convey information about important social and political problems to the addressees (listeners, recipients). Due to this feature, they increased the author’s influence on the readers. Private correspondence, which had the status of political documents at that time, is distinguished as a special category as it mainly expressed the viewpoints of representatives of different religious denominations. The exchange of letters between the persons involved in the Brest Union intensified considerably. It is emphasized that because of certain genre features epistolary works of that time could be viewed as open letters/epistles. Such a genre form was also popular in Western European Protestant publicism of the 17thcentury. The article considers the narrative and polemical aspects of epistolary texts, using examples from correspondence by Ipatii Potii, Kliryk Ostrozkyi and Ivan Vyshenskyi.

Clinical evaluation of pregnant women with SARS-COV2 pneumonia: a real-life study from Egypt

Background Knowledge about the outcome of COVID-19 on pregnant women is so important. The published literature on the outcomes of pregnant women with COVID-19 is confusing. The aim of this study was to report our clinical experience about the effect of COVID-19 on pregnant women and to determine whether it was associated with increased mortality or an increase in the need for mechanical ventilation in this special category of patients. Methods This was a cohort study from some isolation hospitals of the Ministry of Health and Population, in eleven governorates, Egypt. The clinical data from the first 64 pregnant women with COVID-19 whose care was managed at some of the Egyptian hospitals from 14 March to 14 June 2020 as well as 114 non-pregnant women with COVID-19 was reviewed. Results The two groups did not show any significant difference regarding the main outcomes of the disease. Two cases in each group needed mechanical ventilation (p 0.617). Three cases (4.7%) died among the pregnant women and two (1.8%) died among the non-pregnant women (p 0.352). Conclusions The main clinical outcomes of COVID-19 were not different between pregnant and non-pregnant women with COVID-19. Based on our findings, pregnancy did not exacerbate the course or mortality of COVID-19 pneumonia.

ABSTRACT DEVERBAL FORMATIONS WITH BASES OF GREEK ORIGIN

The object of analysis here are the deverbal abstract nouns with roots of Greek origin and Bulgarian suffix. Most of them are motivated by fully adapted verbs borrowed from Greek and of particular interest from the perspective of word formation are the secondary derivatives formed from denominative verbs motivated by Greek nous and adjectives. The transformation of borrowed words into productive bases, which are combined with local word-forming suffixes, is the final stage of the complex process of lexical borrowing, which follows the stage of morphological adaptation of borrowed words, i. e. their grouping into a certain lexical-grammatical type. Many of them have formed large groups of derivatives. Being composed of elements of different languages, the new lexemes are hybrid in nature regarding their word-formation and their separation into a special category reflects the new status of the Greek bases of the borrowings. The hybrid formations of this type are the final result of the assimilation of the Greek loan words into the Bulgarian language, which is why they occupy a specific position in the Bulgarian lexical und. The use of some of them is dialect or archaic, but they all contribute to the enrichment of the vocabulary and the ways of expression in Bulgarian.

A Special Category of Migrants: The Romanian Exile During the Communist Period

The Romanian exile, an important category of political opponents to the Romanian Communist regime, constituted a social and intellectual category which has been investigated by researchers who edited their diaries, memoirs, or letters and published studies regarding their works and lives. Nonetheless, there are some aspects still to be revealed regarding this sociopolitical category of individuals and their work. Thus, we will try to fit the exile within the category of migrants – and examine how the Romanian Securitate regarded them from this perspective. We will therefore resort to their works, studies, and articles, and also to documents found in the Securitate Archives, in an attempt to present their perception by the repressive political body which forced them into migration/exile.

SUB-MEDIUM CITIES AS A SPECIAL CATEGORY OF SMALL CITIES IN CENTRAL RUSSIA

Статья посвящена особой категории малых городов - субсредним городам. К этой категории городских населенных пунктов отнесены города с людностью от 20 до 50 тыс.чел. В работе проведен анализ роли субсредних городов в территориально-урбанистической структуре регионов Центральной России. Проанализирована динамика людности городов в период с 1959 по 2020 гг. На основе показателей естественного и миграционного движения населения проведена оценка современной демографической ситуации, сложившейся в городах данной категории. Особое внимание в работе уделено анализу центральных функций, который показал важную роль субсредних городов в организации территории Центральной России. На примере городов Тверской области проанализирован вклад данной категории городов в региональное развитие. The article is devoted to a special category of small towns - sub-middle towns. This category of urban settlements is from 20 to 50 thousand people. The paper analyzes the role of sub-mediums in the territorial-urban structure of the regions of Central Russia. The dynamics of the population density of cities in the period from 1959 to 2020 is analyzed. Based on the results of the natural and migration movement of the population, an assessment of the current demographic situation in the cities of this category has been carried out. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the central functions, which showed the important role of sub-middle cities in the organization of the territory of Central Russia. On the example of the cities of the Tver region, the contribution of this category of cities to regional development is analyzed.