scholarly journals IDENTIFICATION OF MACROPHYTA IN THE SWAMP AREA OF THE SAWAH VILLAGE, KAMPAR REGENCY, RIAU PROVINCE

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-106
Author(s):  
Aprilia Safitri Nasution ◽  
Windarti Windarti ◽  
Efawani Efawani
Keyword(s):  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Colocasia Esculenta ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Azolla Pinnata ◽  
Panicum Repens ◽  
Salvinia Natans

There were many types of macrophyta present in the swamp area of the Sawah Village, but there was no information about the types of macrophyta in that area. To understand the type of macrophyta presence in that area, a research has been carried out in February 2019. The method usedz is a the survey method, where the swanp area of the Sawah Village used as the location of the research and macrophytes as the object of research. Sampling was done once during the study. The plants were then identified based on Steenis (1981). There are 10 types of macrophytes found in the swanp area of the Sawah Village namely: Colocasia esculenta, Eichhornia crassipes, Eleocharis dulcis, Paspalum comersonii, Azolla pinnata, Utricularia aurea, Salvinia natans, Nepbrolepis biserrata, Monochoria vaginalis, Panicum repens.

scholarly journals Phytoremediation of emulsion paint wastewater using Azolla Pinnata, Eichhornia Crassipes and Lemna Minor

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 550-557
Author(s):  
E.A. Echiegu ◽  
C.O. Ezimah ◽  
M.E. Okechukwu ◽  
O.A. Nwoke
Keyword(s):  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Lemna Minor ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Preliminary Treatment ◽  
Azolla Pinnata ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentrations ◽  
Emulsion Paint ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Test Plants

The use of three macrophytes namely Azolla pinnata, Eichhornia crassipes and Lemna minor for the phytoremediation of emulsion paint wastewater was investigated. Samples of the paint wastewater and test plants were collected and analyzed for physicochemical characteristics and heavy metal concentrations before and after phytoremediation for six weeks. The TDS of the treated wastewater was reduced by over 80.0% by each of the test plants while the TSS increased as a result of debris from withered test plants. Dissolved oxygen reduction ranged from 12.5% to 50.0%, COD from 49.5% to 57.1%, BOD from 46.7% to 54.7, heavy metals from 11.0 to 92.5%. A. pinnata appears to have performed significantly better (P < 0.05) than the other plants followed by E. crassipies and L. minor. It can be concluded that the test plants (especially A. pinnata) can be effectively used for the preliminary treatment of paint wastewater.

scholarly journals Phytoremediation of Phosphorous and Ammonia with Eichhornia crassipes and Azolla pinnata in Waste Waters from Estero de San Miguel Mendiola Manila Philippines

2019 ◽  
Vol 93 ◽  
pp. 02004
Author(s):  
L Acero
Keyword(s):  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Aquatic Macrophytes ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Azolla Pinnata ◽  
Waste Waters ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Difference Test ◽  
Test Result ◽  
Phosphorous Level

Wastewater treatment and removal of pollutants by phytoremediation, remain a major concern of the 21th century. This study is focused on the phytoremediation study in Philippine setting, specifically in one of the tributaries of Pasig river-the Estero de San Miguel. It determined the pH, Ammonia and Phosphorous before, 7th and 14th day of phytoremediation with the use of A. pinnata and E. crassipes. Twelve improvised water ponds/troughs, 3 ponds per treatment were used for 14 days. T- control (only wastewater), T1 for A. pinnata + wastewater, T2 for E. crassipes + wastewater and T3 for A. pinnata E. crassipes + wastewater. Potential hydrogen, Ammonia-N mg/L, phosphorous mg/L were analyzed before, on the 7th and 14th day of the study. Data gathered was analyzed using ANOVA and Fisher Least Significant Difference test as post hoc test. Result revealed that T1 (A. pinnata) lowered the pH and ammonia-N (mg/L) of wastewaters from Estero de San Miguel. T3 (combination of A. pinnata + E. crassipes) has significantly lowered the Phosphorous level of the wastewaters. Thus both aquatic macrophytes can be used as phytoremediation agents in the said Estero.

scholarly journals Performance Comparison of Eichhornia crassipes and Salvinia natans on Azo-Dye (Eriochrome Black T) Phytoremediation

Crystals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eszter Rápó ◽  
Katalin Posta ◽  
Alexandra Csavdári ◽  
Boglárka Éva Vincze ◽  
Gyöngyvér Mara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Organic Dyes ◽  
Performance Comparison ◽  
Aqueous Environment ◽  
Toxic Stress ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
Defense Enzyme ◽  
Eriochrome Black T ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Salvinia Natans

Organic pollutants, such as dyes, have a negative effect on the aqueous environment, therefore, their elimination from water bodies is a high priority. In this work, Eichhornia crassipes and Salvinia natans, both model plants with high phytoremediation efficiency, were exposed to various concentrations (Ci = 50–500 mg/L) of Eriochrome Black T (EBT). Their capacity to assimilate EBT was studied for 16 days of exposure, similar to natural conditions and by spectrophotometric monitoring of the dye concentration (EE. crassipes; 150 mg/L = 33%; ES. natans; 150 mg/L = 71.5%). The changes of the experimental parameters (pH—equalised by day 5, temperature, humidity, light intensity) were followed, and plant growth and biochemical responses to toxic stress effects (photosynthetic pigments, Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX)—decreased effect of P, Mg, Ca, S and K, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), defense enzyme) were examined. Furthermore, changes in oxidative- and photo-degradation of EBT in time and the solid-state properties (SEM, EDX, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy-FTIR) of the dye were investigated. Our results demonstrate that, despite the toxic stress, both species succeeded in reducing the dye-concentration of the water and S. natans proved to be more efficient in binding and removing organic dyes. With our findings, we proved that both plants alleviated the abiotic stress of dye contamination.

scholarly journals PENGGUNAAN ATRAKTAN DAUN TALAS (Colocasia esculenta) DENGAN VARIASI PESTISIDA NABATI TERHADAP POPULASI KEONG MAS Pomacea canaliculata Lamarck (Mollusca : Ampullariidae) PADA PADI DI SUMATERA UTARA

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Vorly Junesna Nadeak ◽  
Ameilia Zuliyanti Siregar
Keyword(s):  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Colocasia Esculenta ◽  
Morinda Citrifolia ◽  
Pomacea Canaliculata ◽  
Artocarpus Altilis ◽  
Areca Catechu

Keong mas (Pomacea canaliculata Lamarck) merupakan salah satu hama utama pada tanaman padi yang sampai saat ini belum dapat dikendalikan dengan baik dengan perkembangbiakan sangat cepat. Pengendalian dengan moluskisida kimia meninggalkan residu lingkungan, sehingga dicari alternatif pengendalian yang ramah lingkungan menggunakan kombinasi atraktan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan tanaman yang efektif sebagai pestisida nabati yang dapat digunakan untuk mengendalikan keong mas di lapangan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan April sampai Mei 2017 di Susuk VIII, Padang Bulan, Medan Selayang.  Metode yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap non faktorial dengan 6 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan yaitu (kontrol), serbuk pinang (Areca catechu), serbuk serai (Cymbopogon citrates), serbuk daun sukun (Artocarpus altilis), serbuk mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia), dan serbuk eceng gondok (Eichhornia crassipes). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan serbuk pinang (Areca catechu) paling efektif mengontrol mortalitas keong mas pada hari ke-7 (100%). Perhitungan persentase rumpun padi yang terserang keong mas terendah pada perlakuan serbuk pinang dengan rata-rata  adalah 0,062 pada waktu kematian 2 hari setelah aplikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kelima serbuk pestisida nabati ini dapat mengendalikan keong mas pada tanaman padi di Sumatera Utara. 

scholarly journals Gluconeogenic fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase from the mature sporocarps of common aquatic ferns: partial purification and basic characterization of this enzyme from Marsilea minuta (Polypodiopsida)

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 386-397
Author(s):  
S.S. Ghosh ◽  
◽  
M. Das ◽  
S. Basu ◽  
J. Adhikari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Partial Purification ◽  
Light Illumination ◽  
Azolla Pinnata ◽  
Fructose 1,6 Bisphosphatase ◽  
Salvinia Natans ◽  
Km Value ◽  
Gluconeogenic Enzyme ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Fructose 1,6 Bisphosphate

The present communication reports substantial activity of gluconeogenic fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase; EC 3.1.3.11) in three common heterosporous aquatic ferns (Marsilea minuta, Salvinia natans, and Azolla pinnata) and also describes a protocol for its partial purification from mature sporocarps of Marsilea minuta. The cytosolic FBPase, obtained from Marsilea minuta, Salvinia natans, and Azolla pinnata was recognized as gluconeogenic enzyme due to its drastic catabolic inactivation in presence of externally administered glucose and its insensitivity towards photosynthetic light illumination. Cytosolic gluconeogenic FBPase was partially purified from mature sporocarps of Marsilea minuta to about 22-fold over homogenate following low-speed centrifugation (11, 400 × g), 30–80% ammonium sulfate fractionation followed by subsequent chromatography using matrices like CM-Cellulose, Sephadex G-200, and Ultrogel AcA 34. The profile of partially purified FBPase in PAGE under non-denaturing condition was recorded. The enzyme activity increased linearly with respect to protein concentration to about 100 µg and with respect to time up to 75 minutes. Temperature optimum was found at 35 °C. The effect of substrate concentration and kinetic analyses for FBPase were carried out using D-fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (D-FBP, the substrate) in the range of 0.0 to 1.0 mM at an interval of 0.1 mM concentration. The Km value for D-FBP of FBPase was 0.06129 mM and Vmax was 4525 nmole Pi released (mg)-1 protein h-1 as determined by nonlinear regression kinetics using Prism 8 software (Graph Pad). The enzyme was functional in a constricted pH range of 7.0 to 8.0, giving maxima at pH 7.5. This cytosolic enzyme was significantly stimulated by Mg2+ and strongly inhibited by Hg2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+.

scholarly journals Production of Ethanol Using Yeast Isolates on Water Hyacinth and Azolla

1970 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riajul Hossain ◽  
Miraj Kobad Chowdhury ◽  
Sabina Yeasmin ◽  
M Mozammel Hoq
Keyword(s):  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Cellulosic Biomass ◽  
Azolla Pinnata ◽  
Biomass Resources

Fossil fuel depletion and limitations turn scientists to develop alternative fuels as well as biofuels. Cheap cellulosic biomass could be used as raw materials for production of ethanol. Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) and Azolla (Azolla pinnata) are the two biomass resources considered in this study. The purpose of this study was to produce ethanol using water hyacinth and Azolla as substrates used to produce ethanol by using two yeasts presumptively identified as Sachharomyces cerevisiae (Sc-SR4, Sc-MR8) and Kluyveromyces marxianus (Km-SR3). For saccharification, water hyacinth and Azolla were pretreated with different concentrations (0.25 to 1.0%) of sulphuric acid. D-glucose and reducing sugar yield was found higher for Azolla (40% of dry weight) than water hyacinth (25.2% of dry weight). The ethanol yield was higher with water hyacinth, (0.32g/g ethanol), than that of Azolla, (0.20g/g ethanol). Acid and heat treatment both affected saccharification. The water hyacinth hydrolysate fermentation resulted in 1.9% (v/v) ethanol by the isolate Sc-SR4 and 1.4% (v/v) ethanol by the Sc-MR8 and thus the Sc-SR4 proved to be more efficient than Sc-MR8. Similarly, fermentation of Azolla hydrolysate gave 1.01% (v/ v) ethanol by Sc-SR4 and 0.45% (v/v) by the Sc-MR8 isolate. Key words: Biofuel; Ethanol; Yeast; Cellulosic Substrates   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v27i2.9173 BJM 2010; 27(2): 56-60

scholarly journals Diferenciação de espécies daninhas aquáticas pela análise multivariada de caracteres estruturais foliares

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.V. Costa ◽  
R.A. Rodella ◽  
D. Martins
Keyword(s):  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Panicum Repens ◽  
Brachiaria Mutica

Algumas espécies de plantas aquáticas têm-se tornado problemáticas em reservatórios hidrelétricos no Brasil, devido a sua grande capacidade de reprodução. O objetivo destes trabalho foi diferenciar Brachiaria mutica, Brachiaria subquadripara, Panicum repens, Eichhornia crassipes, Heteranthera reniformis, Typha ubulata e Enhydra anagallis, utilizando-se 19 caracteres estruturais quantitativos do limbo foliar, que se relacionassem com a penetração e translocação de herbicidas. Amostras do terço médio do limbo foram fixadas em FAA 50, cortadas transversalmente em micrótomo com 8 mm de espessura e coradas com azul-de-toluidina. Foram quantificados (%) os seguintes caracteres estruturais da nervura central (NC) e da região internervural (IN): epidermes adaxial e abaxial, feixe vascular, bainha do feixe vascular, esclerênquima, parênquima e lacunas do aerênquima, além da espessura da folha, do número de estômatos e do número de tricomas nas faces adaxial e abaxial. Os 19 caracteres estruturais foram submetidos à Análise de Agrupamento e Análise de Componentes Principais. Houve a formação de três grupos principais: grupo 1 B. mutica, B. subquadripara e P. repens (Poaceae); grupo 2 E. crassipes e H. reniformis (Pontederiaceae) e E. anagallis (Asteraceae); e grupo 3 apenas T. subulata (Typhaceae). Os caracteres com maior poder discriminatório foram: porcentagem de epiderme adaxial (IN); porcentagem de epiderme abaxial; feixe vascular; bainha do feixe vascular; esclerênquima e lacunas do aerênquima (NC e IN); espessura da folha e número de estômatos das faces adaxial e abaxial. Concluiu-se que os caracteres estruturais quantitativos permitiram diferenciar essas espécies daninhas aquáticas em fase vegetativa.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF EMERGENT AND FLOATING MACROPHYTES IN RELATION TO SOME PHYSICOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF WAYA POND, BAUCHI, NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-73
Author(s):  
O. D. Akwuma ◽  
A. D. Ezra ◽  
A. J. Nayaya
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Typha Latifolia ◽  
Nuphar Lutea ◽  
State Of Water ◽  
Panicum Repens ◽  
Low Diversity ◽  
Floating Macrophytes ◽  
Potamogeton Natans

Emergent and floating macrophytes in relation to some  physicochemical parameters were assessed in Waya pond, Bauchi. Water and macrophytes were sampled monthly between October 2019 to March 2020. Ten physicochemical parameters were measured and twelve macrophytes species recorded. The diversity index was 1.38, evenness (0.55) and abundance were 12 species. The site was polluted as all the values of dissolved oxygen (DO) were ˂ 5 mg/L, nitrogen ˃ 18 mg/L and pH ˂ 7 except for December.  Pearson’s correlation coefficient revealed that DO correlated with Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) (r = 0.936, p˂0.01), Phosphate (r = 0.927, p˂0.01) and Nitrate (r = -0.953, p˂0.01). TDS correlated with Phosphate (r = 0.969, p˂0.01) and Nitrate (r = - 0.938, p˂0.01). The significant correlation between physicochemical parameters and macrophytes were: Nymphaea nouchali with DO (r = - 0.849, p˂0.05), TS (r = 0.88, p˂0.05). Panicum repens was negatively correlated with TDS, DO, TS, Phosphate but not Nitrates. Eichhornia crassipes, Nymphaea micrantha and Nymphaea lotus at p˂0.05 were negatively associated with TDS, DO, and Phosphate but positively with Nitrate. Nuphar lutea, Nelumbo nucifera and Echinochloa colona related positively with Turbidity. Nuphar lutea positively related with Nitrate but negative with DO, and TS. Typha latifolia with TS (r = - 0.871, p˂0.05). Potamogeton natans with phosphate (r = 0.927, p˂0.01). The state of water pollution in the study-area corresponded with low diversity, evenness and abundance of species. This puts biodiversity and sustainability at risk.

Development of a Rapid Survey Method of Sampling and Analysis for Asbestos in Ambient Air

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 630-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Heffelfinger ◽  
C. W. Melton ◽  
D. L. Kiefer ◽  
W. M. Henry ◽  
R. J. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Activation ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Potential Hazard ◽  
Transmission Microscopy ◽  
Comparative Analyses ◽  
Asbestos Fibers ◽  
Controlled Conditions ◽  
Unequivocal Identification ◽  
Identification And Quantification

A methodology has been developed and demonstrated which is capable of determining total amounts of asbestos fibers and fibrils in air ranging from as low as fractional nanograms per cubic meter (ng/m3) of air to several micrograms/m3. The method involves the collection of samples on an absolute filter and provides an unequivocal identification and quantification of the total asbestos contents including fibrils in the collected samples.The developed method depends on the trituration under controlled conditions to reduce the fibers to fibrils, separation of the asbestos fibrils from other collected air particulates (beneficiation), and the use of transmission microscopy for identification and quantification. Its validity has been tested by comparative analyses by neutron activation techniques. It can supply the data needed to set emissions criteria and to serve as a basis for assessing the potential hazard for asbestos pollution to the populace.

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