scholarly journals Role of ultrasound in diagnosis and differentiation of benign and malignant ovarian mass: A Hospital based study in Western Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 86-89
Author(s):  
Subash KC ◽  
Ashish Shrestha ◽  
Sagar Khadka ◽  
Ramesh Poudel
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Ovarian Mass ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Histopathological Findings ◽  
Important Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Ovarian Masses

Background: As ovarian malignancies are one of the commonest malignancies in female population, timely and accurate diagnosis helps in early treatment resulting in better survival. Ultrasound is easily available diagnostic tool not only to diagnose but also accurately distinguish malignant from benign ovarian masses. Aims and Objectives: To evaluate sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of ultrasound in diagnosing and differentiating benign from malignant ovarian masses in comparison with histopathological findings. Materials and Methods: A prospective study was carried out from August 2015 to August 2018 for a period of 3 years. Total 150 patients with ovarian masses who were operated in our hospital and their final histopathological reports were available, were included in our study. Ultrasound diagnosis and histopathological diagnosis were compared. Results: Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of ultrasound in diagnosing and differentiating malignant from benign ovarian masses were found to be 78.94%, 98.47% and 88.23% respectively compared with histopathological findings. Conclusion: Ultrasound is very sensitive, specific and accurate in not only diagnosing ovarian mass but also in differentiating malignant from benign entities making it invaluable and important diagnostic tool in evaluation of ovarian masses.

scholarly journals Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Pelvic Masses and Its Correlation with Histopathology in a Teaching Hospital in Telangana, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 502-506
Author(s):  
Ravi Kumar Marri ◽  
Sushmita Palleboina
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Imaging Technique ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Histopathological Findings ◽  
First Choice ◽  
Pelvic Masses ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Ovarian Masses

BACKGROUND Ultrasonography (USG) is the diagnostic test of choice in evaluating pelvic masses. Because of considerable overlap in the morphologic pattern of different pelvic masses, diagnosis should be correlated with histopathological findings. We wanted to do an ultrasonographic evaluation of pelvic masses and study its correlation with histopathology in a teaching hospital. METHODS This is a prospective study done among 40 cases subjected to USG at Department of Radiology, Hyderabad, Telangana, over a period of seven months. The USG findings were noted and were correlated with the final histopathological findings. The sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound for malignancy were 75 % and 88.8 % respectively. RESULTS In the present study ovarian masses were most frequent (67.5 %), followed by uterine (25 %) and adnexal masses (7.5 %). Majority of the benign pelvic masses (67 %) were seen in the age group of 31 – 40 years while malignant pelvic masses (15 %) were more common in the age group of 51 – 60 years. CONCLUSIONS Ultrasonography is the first choice imaging technique to investigate pelvic masses in women. Of all gynaecological pelvic masses, ovarian masses are the commonest. Sonography has good sensitivity and specificity and is very effective in diagnosis of gynaecological masses and it correlates well with the final histopathological diagnosis. KEYWORDS Ultrasonography, Pelvic Masses, Ovarian Masses, Histopathology

scholarly journals Correlation of colposcopy with biopsy in cases of abnormal cervical cytology

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
Kirtipal Subedi
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Value ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Cervical Cytology ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Cervical Biopsy ◽  
Abnormal Cervical Cytology ◽  
Disease Threshold ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Aims: This study aims to find out the role of colposcopy and its correlation with cervical biopsy in detection of pre malignant cervical lesion. Methodology: This is hospital based prospective observational study on 60 cases with abnormal cervical cytology reports conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, PMWH, Thapathali, Kathmandu. Colposcopy guided biopsies were done and findings noted. Results: Among 60 cases enrolled in the study the most common cervical cytology finding was ASCUS, LSIL, HSIL and ASC-H present in 46.6%, 31.6%, 15% and 6.6% respectively.  The colposcopy finding among these cases was normal, CIN1, CIN 2 and CIN 3 in 45%, 23.3%, 16.7% and 9% respectively. Among these cases the most common biopsy finding was normal, CIN 1, CIN 2, CIN 3 and squamous cell carcinoma in 55%, 18.3%, 8.3%, 15% and 3.3% respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of colposcopy with CIN 1 as disease threshold was calculated to be 80.6%, 93.1%, 81.8% and 92.6% respectively. While evaluating the validity of colposcopy with histopathology, colposcopy seems to make an accurate diagnosis in 75% of cases, overestimating in 15% and underestimating in 8% of cases. Conclusions: There is a good correlation of colposcopy with histopathological diagnosis of cervical cancer. Keywords: colposcopy, cytology, diagnosis, premalignant  

scholarly journals Invasive hemodynamic assessment of patients with cardiomyopathies

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 16-29
Author(s):  
Monika Shumkova ◽  
Kiril Karamfiloff ◽  
Raya Ivanova ◽  
Dobrin Vassilev
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Cardiac Catheterization ◽  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Cardiac Diseases ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Hemodynamic Assessment ◽  
Important Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Invasive Diagnostics

Invasive hemodynamic assessment of cardiac diseases has become an important diagnostic tool in recent decades. Non-invasive methods are the main techniques used to assess cardiac function, due to their wider availability. Cardiac catheterization is useful when there are diagnostic problems that cannot be solved with routine methods. Cardiac catheterization should be individualized according to the specific problems of the patient and based on the results from non-invasive methods. Invasive diagnostics is used in the assessment of patients with various cardiovascular diseases, including cardiomyopathies. In this review, we consider the role of cardiac catheterization, its advantages and disadvantages as part of the overall assessment of patients with cardiomyopathies.  

Utility of Squash Cytology in Spinal Lesions with Special Reference to Ki67 Immunostain

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 424-430
Author(s):  
Debashis Chakrabarty ◽  
Shubhamitra Chaudhuri ◽  
Priyanka Maity ◽  
Uttara Chatterjee ◽  
Subhasis Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Spinal Tumours ◽  
Who Grade ◽  
Spinal Lesions ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background: Squash cytology is of significant importance in intraoperative consultation of central nervous system (CNS) pathology. There are several studies on squash cytology of CNS lesions, and only a few of them deal with spinal lesions alone. Aims: (1) To evaluate intraoperative squash cytology of spinal lesions. (2) To correlate cytological diagnosis with histopathological diagnosis and assess the diagnostic accuracy. (3) To study Ki67 expression on squash smears and determine whether it can assist in grading spinal tumours on cytology. Materials and Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 68 patients with clinico-radiologically diagnosed lesions of the spine. Intraoperative squash smears were stained with haematoxylin-eosin (H&E) stain, Papanicolaou (Pap) stain, and May-Grünwald-Giemsa (MGG) stain. Subsequently, histological diagnosis was made. Ki67 immunostaining was performed on squash smears and histology sections. Results: The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and diagnostic accuracy of squash cytology in spinal lesions were 84.6, 100, 100, 23.1, and 80.88%, respectively. On immunocytochemistry, the mean Ki67 labelling indices for grade I, II, and III tumours were 0, 0.33 and 9%, respectively. Conclusion: Squash smear cytology is a rapid intraoperative technique for diagnosing spinal lesions, with high specificity and high positive predictive value. It is more effective in diagnosing neoplasms than non-neoplastic lesions. Ki67 immunostaining can be done on cytology smears to effectively differentiate between WHO grade I and grade II spinal tumours.

scholarly journals Role of Combining Colour Doppler and Grey Scale Ultrasound in Differentiating Benign from Malignant Ovarian Masses

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-162
Author(s):  
Muna Abid Al-Ghani Zghair ◽  
Qays Ahmed Hassan ◽  
Rana Ahmed Mahdi
Keyword(s):  
Flow Imaging ◽  
Ovarian Mass ◽  
Colour Doppler ◽  
Diagnostic Reliability ◽  
Grey Scale ◽  
Single Score ◽  
Overall Reliability ◽  
Ovarian Masses

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate ovarian masses with conventional grey scale ultrasonography and colour Doppler flow imaging and to assess the diagnostic reliability of these methods in differentiating benign and malignant ovarian masses.We assessed 56 patients with an ovarian mass. Morphological characterisation of the mass was performed utilising the Sassone score. Colour Doppler parameters were recorded for each patient, and the Caruso vascular score was also applied. The results were compared with surgical/pathological and/or follow-up scans.Using the Sassone score, overall reliability in differentiating ovarian masses had a sensitivity of 89.5% and a specificity of 78.4%. Using the Caruso score alone, we found a sensitivity of 89.5% and a specificity of 86.5%. Using the Sassone and Caruso scores together, we found a sensitivity of 94.7% and a specificity of 89.1%.Combining both morphological and colour Doppler scores in the evaluation of ovarian masses obtained higher specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy than was obtained using a single score only.

scholarly journals Regulation of microRNA Expression in Sleep Disorders in Patients with Epilepsy

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
pp. 7370
Author(s):  
Edyta Dziadkowiak ◽  
Justyna Chojdak-Łukasiewicz ◽  
Piotr Olejniczak ◽  
Bogusław Paradowski
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Sleep Disorder ◽  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Medical Database ◽  
Sleep Studies ◽  
Important Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy ◽  
The Relationship

The effects of epilepsy on sleep and the activating effects of sleep on seizures are well documented in the literature. To date, many sleep-related and awake-associated epilepsy syndromes have been described. The relationship between sleep and epilepsy has led to the recognition of polysomnographic testing as an important diagnostic tool in the diagnosis of epilepsy. The authors analyzed the available medical database in search of other markers that assess correlations between epilepsy and sleep. Studies pointing to microRNAs, whose abnormal expression may be common to epilepsy and sleep disorders, are promising. In recent years, the role of microRNAs in the pathogenesis of epilepsy and sleep disorders has been increasingly emphasized. MicroRNAs are a family of single-stranded, non-coding, endogenous regulatory molecules formed from double-stranded precursors. They are typically composed of 21–23 nucleotides, and their main role involves post-transcriptional downregulation of expression of numerous genes. Learning more about the role of microRNAs in the pathogenesis of sleep disorder epilepsy may result in its use as a biomarker in these disorders and application in therapy.

scholarly journals Early carcinoma tongue: evaluation using ultrasonography and its comparison with final histopathological findings

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 3549
Author(s):  
Pankaj Kshirsagar ◽  
Varun Sudarshan Shetty ◽  
Pratham Mody ◽  
Harshad Namdev Gawade
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Tongue Cancer ◽  
Tumor Thickness ◽  
Depth Of Invasion ◽  
Excessive Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Histopathological Findings ◽  
Excessive Alcohol ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background: Squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue is a common malignancy associated with risk factors like excessive alcohol consumption, heavy tobacco smoking and human papilloma virus. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan is considered to be the gold standard in investigating these tumors. However, MRI equipment is expensive to buy and is not readily available in some centers. Computed tomography scan has also been used in imaging these patients, but this modality carries a radiation burden. Patient’s five-year survival is dependent on early diagnosis. It is, therefore, important to diagnose early and image accurately to ensure good outcomes. This study was focused on evaluating the role of Ultrasonography in assessing early tongue cancer and its comparison with postoperative histopathological findings. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the role of sonography in assessing early tongue cancer depth of invasion and compared it with postoperative histopathological findings.Methods: A prospective study was performed on 100 cases of early tongue cancer. sonography of the tongue was performed, BY 7.5 MHz - 12 MHz Probe. Ultrasonography findings compared with post-operative histopathological findings sensitivity and specificity calculated.Results: All patients underwent sonography of tongue with 7.5 MHz probe to know the depth of tumor and these findings were compared with depth demonstrated on final histopathological reports. Sensitivity and specificity of USG for depth of tumor were very high (HPR findings were taken as standard results). On USG, tumor thickness i.e. 2 mm, 2-4 mm and >4 mm were observed in 22, 55 and 23 patients. On HPR, tumor thickness i.e. 2 mm, 2-4 mm and >4 mm were observed in 20, 60 and 20 patients. Sensitivity and septicity both above 90%.Conclusions: Ultrasonography proved a reliable diagnostic tool with sensitivity and specificity more than 90%, for knowing the pre-operative depth of tumor but further larger randomized studies required to confirm the recommendations.

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