scholarly journals SEED MYCOFLORA OF Lens culinaris MEDDIK. FROM DIFFERENT STORAGE CONDITIONS AND IN-VITRO INHIBITION USING PLANT EXTRACTS

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 19-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roshan Chhetri ◽  
Sanjay Kumar Jha
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Lens Culinaris ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Vitex Negundo ◽  
Eclipta Prostrata

Nine hundred sixty seeds of lentils (Lens culinaris) from three different storage sources were tested for seed fungi using Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) and Blotter technique. Thirty five different fungi were isolated, PDA method being better than Blotter technique. Seeds from traditional village storage were found to be more infested with fungi than source local market and source Nepal Agricultural Research Centre (NARC). The fungal infestation on seeds from village storage was 49.37%, source NARC was 44.37% and source local market was 30.31%. Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Alternaria alternata, Penicillium chrysogenum and Fusarium oxysporum were the fungi having higher incidence and frequency. Surface disinfection by 2% NaOCl reduced the fungal incidence and frequency. The aqueous extract of three plants viz, Ageratum houstonianum, Eclipta prostrata and Vitex negundo at 25%, 50% and 100% concentration were assessed in-vitro for antifungal activity against Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus niger, Chaetomium funicola and Fusarium oxysporum. Among these fungi, Alternaria alternata was best controlled by Ageratum houstonianum; Aspergillus niger by Eclipta prostrata; Fusarium oxysporum by Vitex negundo and Ageratum houstonianum. The inhibition increased from lower concentration (25%) to higher (100%).ECOPRINT 23: 19-27, 2016

scholarly journals Effet de l’association de certains fongicides avec le chlorure de calcium sur le développement d’un complexe fongique responsable de la pourriture des pommes en conservation

2007 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled Attrassi ◽  
Rachid Benkirane ◽  
Benaissa Attrassi ◽  
Allal Douira
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Penicillium Expansum ◽  
Rhizopus Stolonifer ◽  
Cladosporium Herbarum ◽  
Trichothecium Roseum

L’utilisation du bénomyl et du thiabendazole (famille chimique des benzimidazoles), de l’azoxystrobine et du pyriméthanil montre, autant in vitro qu’in vivo, que ces fongicides sont faiblement à moyennement efficaces contre les agents pathogènes suivants : Rhizopus stolonifer, Penicillium expansum, Aspergillus niger, A. fumigatus, Alternaria alternata, Cladosporium herbarum, Fusarium oxysporum, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Monilia fructigina, Cryptosporiopsis malicorticis, Spilocaea pomi et Trichothecium roseum. Utilisé in vitro, le chlorure de calcium seul à plus de 4 % est toléré par les douze espèces fongiques. In vivo et à basse température, le chlorure de calcium est efficace lorsqu’utilisé à 4 et 6 %. L’association de ces fongicides avec le chlorure de calcium (4 %) permet de diminuer l’intensité des lésions causées par la pourriture des pommes en conservation. Le chlorure de calcium apparaît intervenir en renforçant les liens avec les principaux sites d’action des fongicides de l’agent pathogène évalué.

scholarly journals Qualidade sanitária e fisiológica de sementes de abóbora variedade Menina Brasileira

2006 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derblai Casaroli ◽  
Danton C. Garcia ◽  
Marlove F. B. Muniz ◽  
Nilson L. de Menezes
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Penicillium Digitatum ◽  
Cucurbita Moschata ◽  
Rhizopus Stolonifer ◽  
Cladosporium Cucumerinum

O trabalho teve como objetivos avaliar e correlacionar a qualidade sanitária e fisiológica de sementes de abóbora, variedade Menina Brasileira (Cucurbita moschata.). Foram avaliados dois lotes de sementes de abóbora produzidas no sistema agroecológico e quatro no sistema convencional, com e sem tratamento químico. Os lotes foram submetidos aos testes de sanidade, seguindo a metodologia do "Blotter test", com congelamento, germinação e vigor (primeira contagem, índice de velocidade de germinação, envelhecimento acelerado e emergência de plântulas). Os resultados indicaram a separação dos lotes de diferentes origens a partir da qualidade sanitária e fisiológica, onde as maiores incidências de fungos foram observadas nos lotes agroecológicos e o maior potencial fisiológico foi observado nos lotes de origem convencional não tratados. Foram encontrados os fungos Fusarium oxysporum, Alternaria alternata, Cladosporium cucumerinum, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium digitatum, Rhizopus stolonifer e Phoma terrestris. A qualidade sanitária não interferiu na qualidade fisiológica das sementes de abóbora, variedade Menina Brasileira.

Antifungal Activities of Some Indole Derivatives

2010 ◽  
Vol 65 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 437-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Xu ◽  
Qin Wang ◽  
Wen-Bin Yang
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Pyricularia Oryzae ◽  
Indole Derivatives ◽  
Alternaria Brassicae ◽  
Antifungal Activities

Nine indole derivatives were evaluated in vitro against Fusarium graminearum, Alternaria alternata, Helminthosporium sorokinianum, Pyricularia oryzae, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumarinum, and Alternaria brassicae. Most of the compounds were found to possess antifungal activities. Especially compounds 2, 5, 8, and 9 exhibited broad-spectrum antifungal activities against the above-mentioned seven phytopathogenic fungi, and showed more potent activities than hymexazole, a commercial agricultural fungicide.

Synthesis and Antifungal Activities of Some 2,6-Bis-(Un)Substituted Phenoxymethylpyridines

2010 ◽  
Vol 65 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 433-436
Author(s):  
Hui Xu ◽  
Huan Qu
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Alternaria Brassicae ◽  
Antifungal Activities

Several 2,6-bis-(un)substituted phenoxymethylpyridines were synthesized and evaluated in vitro against Fusarium graminearum, Helminthosporium sorokinianum, Alternaria brassicae, Alternaria alternata, and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum. Among all derivatives, compound 3 a exhibited a broad-spectrum antifungal activity against the five phytopathogenic fungi.

scholarly journals Efficacy of fungicides in controlling fusarium wilt of gladiolus

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 599-607
Author(s):  
L Yasmin ◽  
MA Ali ◽  
FN Khan
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Field Condition ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Spike Length ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
Infested Field

The efficacy of fungicides in controlling Fusarium wilt of gladiolus was studied at Horticulture Research Centre (HRC), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur during 2010-2012 following RCB design with four replications. Six fungicides such as Bavistin (0.1%), Provax (0.2%), Mancozeb (0.2%), Rovral (0.2%), Chlorax (10%) and Cupravit (0.7%) were evaluated against the Fusarium wilt disease of gladiolus (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. gladioli) under naturally infested field condition. Bavistin was very effective in reducing the disease incidence and thereby resulting maximum corm germination (99.98%), spike length (73.90 cm), rachis length (43.70 cm), florets spike-1 (12.63), flower sticks plot-1 (38.75) and corm plot-1 (60.23) and cormel yield ha-1 (2.51 t) of gladiolus. Provax and Cupravit were also effective in inhibiting the disease incidence as well as better spike length, rachis length, florets spike-1, no of flower sticks, corm and cormel yield.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 42(4): 599-607, December 2017

scholarly journals Fungistasis del aceite esencial extraído de una población de Tagetes lucida de Hidalgo, México

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-341
Author(s):  
Edgar López López ◽  
Margarita Gisela Peña Ortega ◽  
María Teresa Beryl Colinas León ◽  
Francisco Díaz Cedillo ◽  
Miguel Ángel Serrato Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Penicillium Janthinellum

La especie T. lucida conocida como ‘pericón’, es un recurso natural de México cuyo aceite esencial tiene propiedades antifúngicas, aunque no en todos los hongos fitopatógenos se ha explorado el efecto que puede ocasionar esta sustancia vegetal. De una población recolectada en Atotonilco el Grande, Hidalgo, México se obtuvo aceite esencial por hidrodestilación con rendimiento de 0.2%; mediante la técnica CG-EM se identificaron ocho componentes diferentes en el aceite, pero los abundantes fueron: estragol (48%) y anetol (35%). También se evaluó la actividad antimicótica in vitro del aceite esencial contra Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum, Penicillium janthinellum y Rhizoctonia solani mediante la técnica de difusión en agar, realizando dos experimentos: el primero ensayando concentraciones de 0, 0.1 y 1% y en el segundo 0, 2 y 3%. La concentración de 1% redujo el crecimiento micelial 46% para F. oxysporum, 39% en R. solani, 21% en A. niger y 16% en P. janthinellum; sin embargo, en concentraciones altas de aceite, como 3%, solo en R. solani se observó la mayor la reducción del crecimiento micelial (72%).

scholarly journals ESTUDO DO POTENCIAL DE FUNGOS ENDOFÍTICOS NO CONTROLE DO AGENTE CAUSAL DA FUSARIOSE EM TOMATEIRO

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Kellem Ângela Oliveira de Sousa ◽  
José Fábio França de Orlanda ◽  
Gustavo De Andrade Bezerra ◽  
Thatyane Pereira De Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Annona Muricata ◽  
Penicillium Italicum ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz

RESUMO: O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar a capacidade antimicrobiana in vitro, de diferentes extratos de fungos endofíticos, como alternativa no biocontrole de Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici. Foram obtidos oito isolados endofíticos de plantas do Cerrado Maranhense e de interesse econômico, a saber: aroeira (Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão), jenipapo (Genipa americana L.), milho (Zea Mays L.), mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz), vinagreira (Hibiscus sabidariffa L.) e graviola (Annona muricata L.). Os isolados endofiticos das espécies foram identificados em Aspergillus niger e Penicillium italicum, com características morfológicas distintas entre as colônias e todos os isolados endofíticos verificou-se crescimento mediano. Para a atividade antimicrobiana, foi realizada a extração dos metabólitos dos isolados endofiticos com os solventes: Acetato de Etila, Clorofórmio e Diclorometano, posteriormente realizado o bioensaio através do confronto direto do antagonista (endófito) sobre o Fusarium Oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici, raça 1, pelo método de difusão em ágar. Os extratos dos isolados endofíticos obtidos do solvente Clorofórmio apresentaram capacidade inibitória, assim interferindo no crescimento do Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici raça. Que foram provenientes do caule milho (II) e de jenipapo, com diâmetros de 13mm e 11mm, respectivamente, os outros extratos dos isolados apresentaram halos de inibição inferior. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: antibiose, controle biológico, fitopatógeno.

scholarly journals In Vitro and In Vivo Antifungal Activity of Clove (Eugenia caryophyllata) and Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) Essential Oils and Functional Extracts Against Fusarium oxysporum and Aspergillus niger in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Laila Muñoz Castellanos ◽  
Nubia Amaya Olivas ◽  
Juan Ayala-Soto ◽  
Carmen Miriam De La O Contreras ◽  
Miriam Zermeño Ortega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Ethyl Esters ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Fruit Samples

In this study, hydrodistillation was used to obtain essential oils (EOs) from pepper (Piper nigrum L.) and clove (Eugenia caryophyllata) and co-hydrodistillation (addition of fatty acid ethyl esters as extraction co-solvents) was used to obtain functional extracts (FEs). Antifungal activity of EOs and FEs was evaluated by determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against Fusarium oxysporum and Aspergillus niger. The results showed that pepper (Piper nigrum) and clove (Eugenia caryophyllata) essential oils and their functional extracts are effective in vitro at concentrations from 400 to 500 ppm after 10 days of culturing. The essential oils and functional extracts were used on tomato fruit samples at three different concentrations: 350, 400, and 450 ppm5. Clove essential oil reduced the growth of Aspergillus niger from 50% to 70% and Fusarium oxysporum to 40%. The functional extracts (FEs) of clove and pepper, mixed with ethyl decanoate (FEs-C10), were the best combination for protecting the tomato fruit in vivo against both phytopathogenic fungi. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to identify eugenol as the principal compound in clove oil and limonene, sabinene, and β-caryophyllene in pepper oil.

scholarly journals Effet des huiles de pourghère (Jatropha curcas L.) et de neem (Azadirachta indica

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1282-1293
Author(s):  
Issa Adamou ◽  
Zakari Abdoul Habou ◽  
Moussa S. Hassimi ◽  
Salamatou M. Mamane ◽  
Toudou Adam
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Rhizopus Oryzae ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Curvularia Lunata ◽  
Neem Oil

Les huiles de Jatropha curcas communément appelé pourghère et de neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss), sont testées comme alternatives aux pesticides chimiques dans l’optique d’y déceler de potentiels effets fongicides tout en préservant l’environnement. Les effets des deux huiles végétales sont comparés à ceux de deux fongicides conventionnels, la griséofulvine 250 mg et la nystatine ainsi que l’alcool 95°, sur cinq champignons phytopathogènes (Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Curvularia lunata, Fusarium oxysporum et Rhizopus oryzae). Les observations ont porté sur la mesure du diamètre de la zone d’inhibition exercée par les différentes substances inhibitrices à travers les milieux gélosés. Le dispositif expérimental appliqué a été celui du bloc complètement randomisé de Fisher avec huit répétitions. Les moyennes des diamètres de la zone d’inhibition sont respectivement de 26,51 mm pour la nystatine, 14,53 mm pour la griséofulvine, 4,53 mm pour l’huile de neem, 3,05 mm pour l’huile de jatropha, et 0,00 mm pour l’alcool 95°. L’huile de neem a eu un effet inhibiteur net sur la croissance de l’ensemble des champignons testés. En revanche, l’huile de jatropha a exercé un meilleur contrôle de la croissance des espèces Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger et Rhizopus oryzae. Les deux huiles pourraient être recommandées dans la protection des denrées stockées, notamment les céréales.Mots clés : Extraits végétaux, effet fongicide, zone d’inhibition, lutte alternative. English Title: Effect of Jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.) and neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) oils on in vitro devloppement of pathogenic funji Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Curvularia lunata, Fusarium oxysporum et Rhizopus oryzae Oils of Jatropha curcas (pourghère) and neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) were tested as alternatives to chemical pesticides in a view to finding some potential fungicide effects harmless to environment. The effects of the two natural oils were compared with those of two conventional fungicides, griseofulvin 250 mg and nystatin and also alcohol 95° on five phytopathogenic fungi (Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Curvularia lunata, Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizopus oryzae). Observations consisted in measuring the diameter of the zone of inhibition by different substances through the agarose medium. The experimental device applied was the Fisher completely randomized bloc with eight repetitions. Means of inhibition zone diameters were respectively de 26.51 mm for nystatin, 14.53 mm for griseofulvin, 4.53 mm for neem oil, 3.05 mm for jatropha oil, and 0.00 mm for alcohol 95°. The neem oil showed good inhibition effect on the growth of the whole set of tested fungi. In contrast, jatropha oil exhibited a better fungal growth control on Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger and Rhizopus oryzae species. Thus, these two vegetable oils could be recommended in cereal protection in postharvest.Keywords: Vegetal oils, fungicide effects, inhibition zone, alternative control.

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