scholarly journals Fuelwood harvest, management and regeneration of two community forests in Central Nepal

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 75-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bharat Babu Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Size Class ◽  
Class Diagram ◽  
Community Forests ◽  
Shorea Robusta ◽  
Central Nepal ◽  
Sal Forest ◽  
Schima Wallichii ◽  
The Impact

From July to December 2003 we studied the impact of forest resource use and management practices on community structure and regeneration of locally managed Shorea robusta (sal) forest in the mid-hills of central Nepal. We carried out a household survey in two villages (Namjung village of Gorkha and Khari village of Dhading district), and studied the community structure and regeneration of important multipurpose tree species (Shorea robusta Gaertn. and Schima wallichii (DC.) Korth.) in community forests. Dependency on forests has been decreasing due to limited access to resources, decrease in cattle number and the cultivation of more fuelwood and fodder trees in non-forested land. Nonetheless, forests remain the major source of fuelwood, supplying 63% of the total. Alternative energy sources (biogas and solar cell) were not significant at the time of our study. S. robusta was the dominant tree in both forests, with high relative density (74%) in Namjung forest (NF) and 50% in Khari forest (KF); its importance value index (IVI) was 171 in NF and 152 in KF. Tree density of sal in NF was the highest (909 tree ha–1) among the reported values in references for the same species. Both forests had comparatively low species diversity (1.09 in NF and 1.30 in KF); local management appears to contribute to reduced diversity. Regeneration of sal was sustainable and fairly high, with a typical reverse-J-shaped size class diagram (in NF), a good predictor of mono-dominant sal forest. Regeneration of S. wallichii was unsustainable in both forests. Key words: Schima wallichii, Shorea robusta, size class diagram, species diversity Himalayan Journal of Sciences 3(5) 2005 p. 75-80

scholarly journals Does scientific forest management promote plant species diversity and regeneration in Sal (Shorea robusta) forest? A case study from Lumbini collaborative forest, Rupandehi, Nepal

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Awasthi ◽  
S. K. Bhandari ◽  
Y. Khanal
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Plant Species Diversity ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Shorea Robusta ◽  
Sal Forest

Scientific forest management is an emerging need for managing existing natural forests of Nepal on the basis of silvicultural intervention. The study was carried out in Lumbini Collaborative Forest at Rupandehi District of Nepal, where Sal (Shorea robusta) forests are being managed under Irregular Shelterwood System with eighty years of cutting cycle since 2011–2012. The study was purposed to find out the intial effects of silvicultural intervention on plant species diversity and regeneration of Sal forest. The vegetative sampling was done using quadrate method based on the principle of simple random sampling both in the managed as well as the unmanaged parts of forest. The study found out remarkable increase in regeneration as well as decrease in plant diversity in the managed first and second-year stands (Block I and Block II respectively) as compared to the unmanaged stand (Block III) at its initial level of implementation. The mean value of diversity, richness, evenness, dominance index and regeneration of S. robusta varied significantly (p?0.05) between the managed blocks (stands). The seedling density of S. robusta was found higher in the managed blocks (Block I and Block II) as compared to the unmanaged one (Block III) in terms of height class. The study recommends implementation of Irregular Shelterwood System for managing the existing degraded Sal forests of the Terai region of Nepal, however, its long term effects on plant species diversity should be further studied in detail.Banko Janakari, A Journal of Forestry Information for NepalVol. 25, No. 1Page: 20-29

scholarly journals Forest Composition, Fuelwood Harvest and Regeneration Status in Four Community Forests of Central Nepal

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 53-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghanashyam Subedi ◽  
Binod Khatiwada ◽  
Sandesh Bhattarai ◽  
Kamal Prasad Acharya
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Forest Community ◽  
Forest Composition ◽  
Community Forest ◽  
Community Forests ◽  
Shorea Robusta ◽  
Regeneration Status ◽  
Central Nepal ◽  
Scientific World ◽  
Castanopsis Indica

Present study aims to explore forest composition, fuelwood harvest and regeneration status in two community forests of central Nepal. We carried out our study in different periods of 2007 and 2008. Household surveys were conducted to find the condition of fuelwood harvest and people dependency on community forest. Community forests of Nawalparasi districts are dominated by Shorea robusta whereas community forests of Syanja district are dominated by Castanopsis indica and Schima wallichii with highest IVI value. Percapita fuelwood consumption and domestic animals are higher in Nawalparasi district than in Syanja district. Grasses are the main source of fodder in Nawalparasi district whereas trees in Syanja district. Farmland is the main source for fodder in both the districts but even higher in Syanja district. For fuelwood people depend on forest than the farmland. Dominant tree species in Patapati Lulpani Community Forest (PLCF) showed reverse J-shaped size class distribution indicating sustainable regeneration whereas dominant tree species in Gamtam Community Forest (GCF), Dhuseri Community Forest (DCF) and Bhedawari Community Forest (BCF) showed poor regeneration status. Key words: Community forest; Forest composition; Fuelwood harvest; Regeneration. DOI: 10.3126/sw.v7i7.3826 Scientific World Vol.7(7) 2009 pp.53-58

scholarly journals Biomass and Carbon Stock in the Sal (Shorea robusta) Forest of Dang District Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 204-212
Author(s):  
Supuspa Regmi ◽  
Krishna Prasad Dahal ◽  
Garima Sharma ◽  
Siddhartha Regmi ◽  
Mahamad Sayab Miya
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Carbon Accounting ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Community Forests ◽  
Shorea Robusta ◽  
Block Number ◽  
Sal Forest ◽  
Below Ground ◽  
The Mean

The study was conducted to find the net carbon stock in the Sal (Shorea robusta) forest in Bagdaila Chisapani community forest of Dang district, Nepal. The inventory was done by a stratified sampling technique with 0.5% sampling intensity taking into account the woody plants with ≥ 5cm DBH. A total of 49 sample plots of radius 8.94m and 5.64 were established to measure tree biomass and sapling biomass respectively in the forest. The mean above-ground carbon (AGC) was 160.4 t ha-1 and the mean below-ground carbon (BGC) was 24.1t ha-1. The mean total carbon stock in the study area was estimated to be 99.02 t ha-1; of which maximum carbon stock of 143.51 t ha-1 was found in block number 5. Sal was the major tree species in the CF. The biomass and carbon content in this forest is found quite low as compared to other studies in the Sal forest and other tropical forests which were due to the presence of tree stands of less diameter and height. This study would be helpful in the long-term management of forests, planning, and research purposes. The data from this study could also be taken as a reference document for the participation of community forests in carbon accounting under the REDD+ scheme in Nepal.

scholarly journals Firewood consumption and extraction from community forests in East Khasi Hills District, Meghalaya: Its impact on woody species diversity and population structure

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 669-677
Author(s):  
Marvellous B. Lynser ◽  
◽  
Ksanbok Makdoh ◽  
Batriti Nongbri ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Community Forests ◽  
High Dependency ◽  
The Impact

Firewood serves as the principal source of energy for cooking and heating, for many rural communities, but the impact of firewood extraction on the forest is often undermined. The present study was undertaken to assess the firewood consumption pattern by households living near community forests of East Khasi Hills District, Meghalaya and the impact of such activity on species diversity and population structure on such forests. Data on firewood consumption and preferred firewood species, and impacts of firewood harvesting on species diversity and population structure were collected through household surveys and phytosociological studies respectively. The surveyed households showed high dependency on firewood and the consumption pattern varies with the family size. The preferred firewood species are those of hardwood trees such as Quercus spp., Lithocarpus spp., Castanopsis spp. and Myrica spp. Firewood extraction have negative impact on forests, resulting in decrease in species diversity and population of the preferred firewood species. Statistical analysis revealed that species richness and diversity and density differ significantly in protected and unprotected forests. Despite low per capita consumption of firewood and precautionary measures like regulated harvesting in the study area, firewood harvesting cannot be ignored as an important cause of forest degradation and biodiversity loss. More research into local ecological and cultural contexts and perceptions concerning costs and benefits can help devise sustainable management options, including alternative sources of fuel.

scholarly journals Vegetation structure, natural regeneration and management of Parroha community forest in Rupandehi district, Nepal

1970 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 70-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajendra Acharya ◽  
Babat Babu Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Vegetation Structure ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Size Class ◽  
Tree Density ◽  
Class Diagram ◽  
Shrub Layer ◽  
Shorea Robusta ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Total Tree

Understanding vegetation structure and regeneration in community forests in important for management planning. The present work was done during September to October 2005. The information on forest management practices was collected by Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) which included field observation, interviews and focus group discussion. A total of 125 plant species belonging to 55 families with 36 tree species, 50 shrubs and 39 herbs were recorded from the 0.7 ha sampling area. The total tree density and basal area at South-East (SE) facing slope was 595 pl/ha and 29.68 m²/ha, respectively, where Terminalia alata was the most dominant with highest importance value index (IVI). On the other hand, total tree density and basal area was 453 pl/ha and 41.78 m²/ha, respectively, at South-West (SW) facing slope, where Shorea robusta was the most dominant with the highest IVI. Total shrub/sapling density was 4708 pl/ha at SE slope and 4137 pl/ha at SW slope. Similarly, total herb/seedling density was 10.86 pl/m² at SE slope and 9.79 pl/m² at SW slope. The total number of tree species (S) in tree stage was higher at SE slope than at SW slope and the number of species in shrub layer was higher at SE slope than at SW slope. The two slopes had nearly equal number of species in herbaceous layer. Higher species diversity (H) of different lifeforms was found at SW slope. The SW slope had higher species evenness (J) and Simpson’s index of dominance (C) for all life forms than at SE slope. High similarity index for all tree, shrub/sapling and herb/seedling layers (63.63%, 84.61% and 77.10% respectively) were found between two sites. Alpha (α) diversity for shrub layer was higher at SE slope whereas beta (β) diversity for tree layer was higher at SW slope than at SE slope. Regeneration of Shorea robusta and Terminalia alata was continuous because density increased from tree, sapling to seedlings with a typical reverse J shaped size class diagram at both slope. But regeneration of S. robusta at SW slope was sporadic. The reccurence of forest fire during summer season has appeared as a major problem for the management of forest. The active participation of the local people in forest conservation activities can be effective for sustainable management of forest. Keywords: Community forestry; Vegetation; Regeneration; Size class diagram; Shorea robusta; Terminalia alata. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/sw.v9i9.5523 SW 2011; 9(9): 70-81

scholarly journals Regeneration of Shorea robusta. Gaertn in tropical forest of Palpa district, central Nepal

1970 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 53-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarita Basyal ◽  
HD Lekhak ◽  
Anjana Devkota
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Size Class ◽  
Seedling Density ◽  
Significant Relation ◽  
Soil Parameter ◽  
Shorea Robusta ◽  
Size Class Distribution ◽  
Class Distribution ◽  
Central Nepal

A study on the regeneration of the Shorea robusta Gaertn in tropical forest of Palpa district was carried out during June-November, 2005. The altitude of study area ranged from 200 m -700 m asl in north facing slope. The study area was natural forest where, Shorea robusta and Terminalia alata, were dominant species .The size class distribution of Shorea robusta resembled the reverse J-shaped curve indicates better regeneration of sal in study area. Sapling and seedling density of Shorea robusta significantly correlated (p=0.01) but was no significant relation with soil parameter. Keywords: Regeneration; Shorea robusta; Size Class distribution Tropical Forest DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/sw.v9i9.5519 SW 2011; 9(9): 53-56   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/sw.v9i9.5518

scholarly journals Species Diversity, Soil Nutrients Dynamics and Regeneration Status of Sal (Shorea robusta) Forests in Western Himalayan Region of India

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akash . ◽  
M. Zakir ◽  
Navneet . ◽  
B. S. Bhandari
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Western Himalaya ◽  
Regeneration Potential ◽  
Shorea Robusta ◽  
Regeneration Status ◽  
Tiger Reserve ◽  
Forest Division ◽  
Sal Forest

Sal (Shorea robusta) forest is found in an extensive array of conditions in Western Himalaya. It has been heavily used for commercial purposes. Thus, we did a study to gather the information on sal forests occupying a broad range of the Rajaji Tiger Reserve which spans across an extensive range in the Western Himalaya. We tested the species diversity, soil nutrients status, and regeneration potential of the Sal forest. Vegetation was sampled in 10 transects zone of 20×20 m2 plots covering an area of 10.0 ha area. Trees, saplings, seedlings, shrubs, and herbs were sampled along the transects in the Chilla forest division of the tiger reserve. Samplings were done every 200 m along the transect with the help of the Nested quadrat method. Altogether 64 species were recorded: 24 trees, 12 shrubs, and 28 herbs. Environmental variables like pH, organic carbon, total nitrogen, available potassium, available phosphorous, and soil texture were also recorded to observe the effects of these environmental variables into diversity attributes. The Shannon Weiner index for trees was 1.350, for saplings 1.774, for seedlings 1.679. For shrub species, it was1.96. The Shannon Weiner index for herbaceous species in the rainy season was 2.8, in winter it was 2.36 whereas in summer it was 2.46. We concluded that the management of sal has enhanced the diversity and soil nutrients dynamics in the study area. Sal diversity also has enhanced the growth of co-dominant species like Mallotus philippensis, Aegle marmelos, Listea chinensis, Naringi crenulata, Ehretia laevis, Cassia fistula, etc. in the study area. Although we did not find any seedlings of the sal during the present study, the regeneration potential of sal forest increasing with a greater number of associated species provide a favorable environment for sal species.

scholarly journals Species Diversity, Forest Community Structure and Regeneration in Banke National Park

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renu Napit
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Size Class ◽  
Forest Community ◽  
Total Density ◽  
Size Class Distribution ◽  
Class Distribution

Banke national park, located in Banke district of western Nepal with an area of 550 sq. km was established as the  tenth national park in 2010 A.D. Forest community structure, species diversity and natural regeneration were  studied in the Park. A total of 1067 plots at every interval of 200m were laid by line transect method for the study. In  each plot three concentric rings of radii of 10m, 5m, and 1m were laid down for the study of trees, shrubs/saplings  and herbs/seedlings respectively. The park was floristically rich with a total of 113 species of trees representing 57  genera and 28 families. Similarly 85 species of shrubs including climbers and 107 species of herbs including  herbaceous climbers, and grasses were recorded. The obtained results from the size class distribution of the trees  resembling inverse ‘J’ shape indicated the good regenerating capability of the forest in the park. Fifty eight species  of saplings and 40 species of seedlings of trees were recorded. From the quantitative study of the trees, the  dominant species was Shorea robusta based on IVI (important value index) values, which was followed by Terminalia  alata, Anogeissus latifolius, Mallotus philippinensis, etc. The total density stand (D) and basal area (BA) of the  park were 291.48 trees/ha and 21.13 m2/ha respectively. The highest density (D) and the basal area (BA) of S.  robusta was 46.07 trees /ha and 5.07m2/ha respectively. The species diversity index (H) of the tree species in BaNP  was 1.32, with species evenness (J) of 0.64 and index of dominance (C) of 0.08. A total of seven forest community  types were estimated in the Park. The size class distribution diagram of all trees showed right skewed (inverse J  shaped) pattern indicating a good regenerating capability of the forest. The regeneration of S. robusta, T. alata and  A. latifolius were higher in comparison to other tree species which was indicated by the higher seedlings and  saplings density of them. S. robusta was the dominant with saplings density of 200.49 / ha and seedlings density  of 27153.4 /ha.Nepal Journal of Science and Technology Vol. 16, No.1 (2015) pp. 17-30

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