scholarly journals Effects of row spacings and varieties on grain yield and economics of maize

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 209-218
Author(s):  
Saurabha Koirala ◽  
Akash Dhakal ◽  
Dhiraj Niraula ◽  
Sampurna Bartaula ◽  
Urbashi Panthi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Four Levels

Maize is the second most important crop of Nepal. The yield of the crop is low due to lack of appropriate plant density for the varieties. The field experiment was carried out to study the effect of different row spacings on different maize varieties at Deupur, Lamahi municipality of the dang district in province No. 5, Nepal during the rainy season from June to September, 2018. Four levels of spacings (boardcasting and three row spacings of 45, 60 and 75 cm) and two maize varieties (Rampur Composite and Arun-2) were evaluated using randomized complete block design with three replications. The highest grain yield was found in Rampur Composite and Arun-2 while they were planted with row spacing of 60 cm with plant to plant spacing of 25 cm. The highest grain yield, cob length, cob circumference, number of rows per cob, thousand grain weight  were reported when maize was planted in the  row spacing 60×25cm. Among the maize varieties, Rampur Composite produced the highest grain yield, cob length, cob circumference, number of rows per cob as compared to Arun-2. This study suggested that maize production can be maximized by cultivating maize varieties with row spacing of 60 cm with plant to plant spacing of 25 cm.

scholarly journals Effect of different levels of nitrogen on growth and yield of hybrid maize (Zea mays L.) varieties

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-62
Author(s):  
Kripa Adhikari ◽  
Sudip Bhandari ◽  
Krishna Aryal ◽  
Mohan Mahato ◽  
Jiban Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Maize Variety ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Hybrid Maize

Nitrogen (N) fertilizer is considered as one of the most important factors affecting growth and grain yield of hybrid maize. This study was conducted to determine the effects of different rates of nitrogen and varieties on growth and yield of hybrid maize in Lamahi Municipality, Dang, Nepal from June to October, 2019. Three levels of hybrid maize varieties (10V10, Rajkumar F1 and NMH-731) and four levels of nitrogen (160, 180, 200 and 220 kg N ha-1) were evaluated using two factorial randomized complete block design with three replications. The results showed that grain yield and yield attributing traits of hybrid maize varieties increased with the increasing level of nitrogen from 160 to 220 kg ha-1. The application of nitrogen @ 220 kg N ha-1 produced the highest grain yield (10.07 t ha-1), cob length (16.33 cm), no of rows per cob (14.97), no of grains per row (33.37), cob diameter (4.54), thousand grain weight (276.77 g), stover yield (12.91 t ha-1), biological yield (23.00 t ha-1), harvest index (43.80), gross return (NRs. 208940 ha-1), net return (NRs.104488 ha-1) and B:C ratio (2.001). The hybrid maize variety 10V10 produced the highest grain yield (9.35 t ha-1), net returns (NRs. 91740.66 ha-1) and B:C ratio (1.91) accompanied by the highest cob length (16.25 cm), and as number of grains per row (32.35) as compared to other varieties. This study suggested that maize production can be maximized by cultivating hybrid maize variety 10V10 with the use of 220 kg N ha-1 in inner Terai region of Nepal.

scholarly journals Effects of Variety and Spacing on Yield Indices of Open-Pollinated Maize in Asaba Area of Delta State

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. C. Enujeke
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Factorial Experiment ◽  
State University ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Teaching And Research ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Delta State University

<p>This study was carried out in the Teaching and Research Farm of Delta State University, Asaba Campus (Nigeria) from March to December in 2008 and replicated between March and December, 2009, to evaluate the effects of variety and spacing on yield indices of Open-pollinated maize. It was a factorial experiment carried out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replicates. Four open-pollinated varieties (Suwan -1- SR, ACR97, BR9922-DMRSF<sub>2</sub> and AMATZBRC<sub>2</sub>WB) were evaluated under three different plant spacing for such yield indices as number of cobs/plant, cob length, grain weight and number of grains/cob of maize. The results obtained indicated that variety BR9922-DMRSF<sub>2</sub> was outstanding with number of cobs/plant of 1.7 in both 2008 and 2009, cob length of 27.7 cm and 26.7 cm in 2008 and 2009, respectively. Its grain weight was 4.7 t/ha in 2008 and 4.9 t/ha in 2009, and its number of grain/cob was 467.7 in 2008, and 463.9 in 2009. Plants sown at spacing of 75 cm x 15cm had higher number of cobs/plant of 1.9 in both 2008 and 2009.Their grain weights (t/ha) were 5.0 in 2008 and 5.2 in 2009, their cob lengths were 18.6cm in 2008 and 20.1cm in 2009, while their number of grains/cob were 363.0 in 2008, and 369.0 in 2009. The results of interaction showed that except variety x space, the parameters investigated were all significantly (P &lt; 0.05) different and affected yield indices of open-pollinated maize. Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended that (i) open-pollinated variety BR9922-DMRF<sub>2 </sub>be grown in the study area for increased grain yield indices of maize. (ii) Plant spacing of 75 cm x 15 cm which resulted in higher number of cobs/plant and higher grain weight be adopted in maize production.</p>

scholarly journals Effects of Nitrogen and Plant Density on Maize (Zea mays L.) Phenology and Grain Yield

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiban Shrestha ◽  
Deo Nath Yadav ◽  
Lal Prasad Amgain ◽  
Jhanka Prasad Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

Nitrogen fertilizer and plant density are considered some of the most important factors affecting phenology and grain yield of maize. Therefore, current study was conducted to assess the effects of nitrogen fertilizer application and plant density on phenology (days to tasseling, silking and maturity) and grain yield of maize (Variety: Rampur Composite) at Mangalpur VDC-3, Anandapur, Chitwan, Nepal during 2006-07 winter season. The five levels of nitrogen as 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg N/ha and three levels of the plant population as 55555, 66666 and 83333 plants/ha were evaluated using two factorial randomized complete block design with three replications. The days of flowering (tasseling and silking) decreased with increasing nitrogen level up to 200 kg N/ha and increased with increasing level of plant population up to 83333 plants/ha). Physiological maturity and grain yield increased with increasing level of nitrogen up to 200 kg N/ha and plant population up to 83333 plants/ha. The highest grain yield (6925.79 kg/ha) was obtained with 200 kg N/ha + 66666 plants/ha. This study suggested that maize production can be maximized by cultivating maize with the use of 200 kg N/ha and maintaining the plant density of 66666 plants/ha.

scholarly journals Response Of Maize Varieties To Sowing Dates In Inner Terai Region, Dang, Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
Pukar Khanal ◽  
Rupak Karn ◽  
Pratibha Budhathoki Chhetri ◽  
Samita Karki ◽  
Shrawan Kumar Sah
Keyword(s):  
Unit Area ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Spring Season ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Hybrid Maize

AbstractSowing dates and varieties affect the productivity of maize. A field experiment was conducted to find out the response of maize hybrids to sowing dates on growth and productivity of maize in spring season at Lamahi, Dang in 2019. The experiment was laid out in two factor factorial Randomized Complete Block Design with four replications. The treatment consisted of combination of three different sowing dates (February 1, February12 and February 23) and two maize varieties (Arun-2 i.e. OPV and hybrid Bioseed-9220).The result revealed that earlier planting on February 1 produced the highest yield (8265 Kg ha-1) which was significantly superior than latter planting of February 12(6099 kg ha-1)and February 23 (5934 kg ha-1).The higher yield in earlier planting was due to significantly higher no of kernel per ear, non-significant but higher number of cob per unit area, thousand grain weight. Similarly, Bioseed 9220 produced higher yield (7798 kg ha-1) compared to Arun-2 (5,734 kg ha-1). The higher yield of hybrid Bioseed 9220 was because of higher number of cob per unit area harvested and more number of kernel per cob. Therefore, earlier planting with hybrid maize is recommended in spring season of Dang and locations with similar climatic conditions for higher productivity of maize.

Varietal performance of transplant aman rice under different hill densities

1970 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAT Sohel ◽  
MAB Siddique ◽  
M Asaduzzaman ◽  
MN Alam ◽  
MM Karim
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Lower Yield ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Biological Yield

An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh from July to December 2004 to evaluate the effect of hill spacing on the performance of BRRI dhan40 and BRRI dhan41 as Transplant aman crop. The experiment consisted of five hill spacings viz., 5cm. 10cm, 15 cm, and 25 cm where row to row spacing of 25 cm was kept constant for all treatments. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with four replications. The 25 cm x 5 cm hill spacing produced the tallest plant, highest total number of tillers/hill, bearing tillers/hill lowest number of non-hearing tillers/hill, grain yield and harvest index, while 25 cm x 5 cm hill spacing produced the highest number of sterile spikelets/panicle, straw yield and biological yield. BRRI dhan41 produced higher grain yield (4.7 t/ha) which was the contribution of higher number of grains/panicle and heavier grain weight. Lower yield (4.51 t/ha) was recorded in BRRI dhan40.Key Words: Varietal performance; T. aman rice; hill density.DOI: 10.3329/bjar.v34i1.5750Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 34(1) : 33-39, March 2009

scholarly journals Effect of Seed Distribution and Population on Maize (Zea maysL.) Grain Yield

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bee Khim Chim ◽  
Peter Omara ◽  
Natasha Macnack ◽  
Jeremiah Mullock ◽  
Sulochana Dhital ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
Block Design ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Seed Distribution ◽  
Treatment Structure ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Maize planting is normally accomplished by hand in the developing world where two or more seeds are placed per hill with a heterogeneous plant spacing and density. To understand the interaction between seed distribution and distance between hills, experiments were established in 2012 and 2013 at Lake Carl Blackwell (LCB) and Efaw Agronomy Research Stations, near Stillwater, OK. A randomized complete block design was used with three replications and 9 treatments and a factorial treatment structure of 1, 2, and 3 seeds per hill using interrow spacing of 0.16, 0.32, and 0.48 m. Data for normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), intercepted photosynthetically active radiation (IPAR), grain yield, and grain N uptake were collected. Results showed that, on average, NDVI and IPAR increased with number of seeds per hill and decreased with increasing plant spacing. In three of four site-years, planting 1 or 2 seeds per hill, 0.16 m apart, increased grain yield and N uptake. Over sites, planting 1 seed, every 0.16 m, increased yields by an average of 1.15 Mg ha−1(range: 0.33 to 2.46 Mg ha−1) when compared to the farmer practice of placing 2 to 3 seeds per hill, every 0.48 m.

scholarly journals Impact of vermicompost based nitrogen management and plant spacing on the performance of short duration transplant Aus rice (cv. Parija)

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 542-547
Author(s):  
Shubroto Kumar Sarkar ◽  
Swapan Kumar Paul ◽  
Kallyan Kanty Saha ◽  
Artho Baroi ◽  
Md. Abdur Rahman Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Short Duration ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nitrogen Management ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Yield Performance ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Promising Practice ◽  
Biological Yield

An investigation was carried out at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University to inspect the effect of vermicompost based nitrogen management and plant spacing on the yield performance of short duration transplant Aus rice (cv. Parija). The study comprised three spacing viz. 20 cm × 20 cm, 20 cm × 15 cm and 20 cm × 10 cm, and five nitrogen management viz. no nitrogen, 75 kg N ha-1, 55 kg N ha-1 + vermicompost @1.25 t ha-1, 35 kg N ha-1 + vermicompost @2.5 t ha-1 and vermicompost @5 t ha-1. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. At harvest, both the spacing of 20 cm × 20 cm and 20 cm × 15 cm produced the tallest plants, the highest number of total tillers hill-1 and effective tillers hill-1. The highest grain yield (3.59 t ha-1) was recorded in 20 cm × 15 cm spacing which was at par with the grain yield (3.52 t ha-1) in 20 cm × 10 cm spacing. The 20 cm × 10 cm spacing also produced the highest straw yield (4.88 t ha-1) and biological yield (8.40 t ha-1). The lowest grain, straw and biological yields were recorded at the wider spacing of 20 cm × 20 cm. In contrast, the highest grain yield (3.79 t ha-1), straw yield (4.99 t ha-1) and biological yield (8.79 t ha-1) were found in 75 kg N ha-1 which was as good as the yields of 55 kg N ha-1 N+ vermicompost @1.25 t ha-1. The highest number of total tillers hill-1 (14.11) and effective tillers hill-1 (12.67) were found in the interaction effect of 20 cm × 20 cm spacing with 75 kg N ha-1. The interaction between 20 cm × 15 cm and 55 kg N ha-1 N+ vermicompost @1.25 t ha-1 gave the highest grain yield (4.58 t ha-1), straw yield (5.71 t ha-1) and biological yield (10.29 t ha-1). The lowest grain yield (2.03 t ha-1), straw yield (3.49 t ha-1) and biological yield (5.52 t ha-1) were found in the interaction between 20 cm × 20 cm and no nitrogen. Therefore, usage of 20 cm × 15 cm spacing fertilized with 55 kg N ha-1 + vermicompost @1.25 t ha-1 appeared as the promising practice of transplant Aus rice cv. (Parija) cultivation.

scholarly journals Optimizing Phosphorus and Row Spacing Management for the Production of Lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus) in Vertisols of Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
pp. 82-93
Author(s):  
Gebrekidan Feleke ◽  
Almaz Meseret ◽  
Sisay Eshetu ◽  
Bizuwork Tafes
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Net Benefit ◽  
Marginal Rate ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Four Levels

Poor agronomic management such as nutrient management and plant density are critical challenges of lentil production in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the effects of different row spacing and phosphorus (P) applications on the seed yield of lentil at Ude and Minjar, in 2017 up to 2019. The experiment was conducted in completely randomized block design with three replications. The treatments were comprised of a factorial arrangement of three levels of row spacing (20, 30 and 40 cm) and four levels of P fertilizer (0, 30, 60 and 90 kg P2O5 ha-1). The result revealed that at Ude, the row spacing x P fertilizer interactions was a significant effect on the biomass, seed, and haulm yield of lentil. However, at Minjar; only the main effects of row spacing and P fertilizer had a significant effect on biomass, seed, and haulm yield. Phosphorus agronomic use efficiency was significantly influenced by the interaction of row spacing and P fertilizer. As a result, the highest phosphorus agronomic use efficiency was recorded at 30 kg P2O5 ha-1coupled with 20 cm row spacing at both locations. The economic analysis revealed that 20 cm row spacing and 30 kg P2O5 ha-1fertilizer managements gave the highest net benefit and acceptable marginal rate of return (MRR) as compared to other practices at both locations. Therefore, 20 cm row spacing and 30 kg P2O5 ha-1rate of fertilizer would be recommended to enhance the productivity of lentil in the study areas.

scholarly journals Yield and Growth Response of Maize (Zea mays L.) to Varietal and Nitrogen Application in the Guinea Savanna Agro-Ecology of Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Alhassan Bawa
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Guinea Savanna ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Four Levels

Background and Objective. Maize is one of the oldest cultivated crops. It is the third most important cereal after wheat and rice globally. Compared to all other cereals, maize has the highest average yield per unit area. The objective of the research was to evaluate maize varietal response to different nitrogen fertilizer rates. Materials and Methods. The treatment consisted of two factors, namely six varieties of maize and four levels of nitrogen application rates. These were arranged in 6 × 4 factorial combinations and laid out using randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The data collected were subjected to combined analysis for variation in factorial experiments in RCBD using Genstat statistical package edition 18. The means were separated using Duncan’s multiple range test at a 5% probability level. Results. The study revealed that varieties, such as IWD-C3-SYN-F2 and OBATAMPA, produced the highest grain yield and growth parameters (agronomic traits) relative to other varieties. The maximum grain yield and biomass production also occurred at the nitrogen application rates of 90 and 120 kg N/ha. Conclusion. Varieties, such as IWD-C3-SYN-F2 and OBATAMPA, and N rate of 90 kg N/ha are, therefore, recommended to be used for maize production by the resource-poor farmers in the Guinea Savanna Agro-Ecology of Ghana.

scholarly journals Effect of Different Rates of N and Intrarow Spacing on Growth Performance of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) in Gurage Zone, Wolkite University, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Bewuket Gashaw ◽  
Shewaye Haile
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Optimum Level ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Demonstration Site ◽  
Four Levels

A field experiment was conducted in Wolkite University, Horticulture department practical demonstration site, from February to June 2019 with the objective of determining the optimum level of N and intrarow spacing for better growth of lettuce. The experiment consisted of four levels of N (N0 (0 kg/ha), N1 (50 kg/ha), N2 (100 kg/ha), and N3 (150 kg/ha)) and three levels of intrarow spacing (S1 (15 × 30 cm), S2 (20 × 30 cm), and S3 (25 × 30 cm)). The interrow spacing was maintained as 30 cm. The experiment was laid out in 3 × 4 factorial arrangement in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) and replicated three times. The main effect of nitrogen resulted maximum yield (9.45 ton/ha), dry weight per plant (28.75 g), and fresh weight per plant (57.57 g) which were recorded by the application of 150 kg/ha nitrogen. Likewise, the main effect of intrarow spacing gave maximum yield (8.01 ton/ha), dry weight per plant (21.31 g), and fresh weight per plant (59.15 g) from 25 × 30 cm plant spacing. For interaction effect, the highest yield (10.38 ton/ha), dry weight per plant (50.96 g), and fresh weight per plant (77.88 g) was found from N3S3 (150 kg/ha N and 25 × 30 cm plant spacing). Therefore, in the study, area using 150 kg/ha urea with 25 × 30 cm plant spacing could be advisable for optimum lettuce production.

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