scholarly journals Ear diseases in school going children of Sunsari and Morang districts of Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjeev Kumar Thakur ◽  
Rabin Acharya ◽  
Sanjay Kumar Singh ◽  
Nisha Ghimire
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ear Diseases ◽  
Important Health ◽  
Tube Dysfunction ◽  
Ear Wax

This study was carried out to find the prevalence of ear diseases in school-going children of the Sunsari and Morang district of Eastern Nepal. This is a prospective, cross sectional, clinical study in 3729 school going children of up to 15 years of the Sunsari and Morang district of eastern Nepal done in year 2014 and 2015 AD. Informed consent was obtained. 1346 (36.09%) children had different ear ailments. Ear wax 616 (45.76%) and otitis media with effusion 226 (16.79%) were the commonest diseases found. Chronic otitis media mucosal type was found in 104 (7.73%) children. Chronic otitis media squamous 6 (0.45%), Otomycosis 155 (11.51%), otitis externa 16 (1.19%), acute Otitis media 119 (8.84%), Eustachian tube dysfunction 92 (6.84%), Perichondritis 4(0.29%), Foreign body in the ear 2 (0.15%), Preauricular sinus 2 (0.15%) and sensorineural hearing loss 4 (0.29%) were the other diseases found. Ear diseases are important health problems among school-going children of the Sunsari and Morang district of eastern Nepal. Health education,nutrition, improvement of socioeconomic status and health care facilities should be helpful in reducing the prevalence of ear diseases.

scholarly journals Upper respiratory tract infection and otitis media are clinically and microbiologically associated

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
Hanan Raheem Hassooni ◽  
Samih Faiq Fadhil ◽  
Raed M. Hameed ◽  
Adil Hassan Alhusseiny ◽  
Saad Ahmed Ali Jadoo
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Upper Respiratory

Background: Although significant improvement has been achieved in terms of antibiotic care, otitis media (OM) continues to be a worldwide health problem that may develop serious complications. This study aimed to detect the growth of organisms and to find out the most susceptible factors related to OM among the Iraqi population. Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at the out-patient department (OPD) of Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT) at the Baquba teaching hospital at the Faculty of medicine, Diyala University from November 2017 to March 2018. A total of 300 ear samples collected from 87 (29.0%) patients of acute otitis media (AOM), 104 (34.7%) patients of otitis media with effusion (OME), and 109 (36.3%) patients of chronic otitis media (COM). Standard microbiological procedures were recruited to investigate the samples using aerobic and anaerobic culture methods. Results: The highest incidence of OM 218 (72.7%) was observed among the age group of fewer than ten years old. The most common bacteria isolated were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (35.0%), Staphylococcus aureus (25.0%), Proteus spp. (24.0%), Escherichia coli (7.0%), Streptococcus pneumonia (6.0%), Klebsiella pneumonia (2.0%) and Streptococcus pyogenes (1.0%). It was found that upper respiratory infection (URTI), adenoid inflammation with (URTI), adenoid inflammation, the practices of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), and the accident or trauma are the main factors related to OM in about (42.0%), (31.0%), (11.0%), (10.0%) and (6.0%) of cases respectively. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that OM was effectively related to URTI and adenoid inflammation with (URTI) in about 73.0% of cases. More attention should be given to early diagnosis and treatment of URTI before progressing to undesirable OM.

scholarly journals Chronic Otitis Media with Effusion in Chronic Sinusitis with Polyps

2018 ◽  
Vol 97 (8) ◽  
pp. E13-E18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Daval ◽  
Hervé Picard ◽  
Emilie Bequignon ◽  
Philippe Bedbeder ◽  
André Coste ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Nasal Polyposis ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

The relationship between otitis media with effusion (OME) and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) remains unclear. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 80 consecutively presenting patients—42 males and 38 females, aged 15 to 76 years (median: 48)—who were diagnosed with CRSwNP. Our aim was to ascertain the prevalence of OME in CRSwNP patients, to determine whether the severity of CRSwNP affected OME, and to identify risk factors for OME in CRSwNP patients. The severity of CRSwNP was assessed on the basis of nasal symptoms, endoscopic nasal examinations, and Lund-Mackay staging scores. In addition to demographic data, we obtained information on each patient's history of otitis, otoscopic findings, and the results of pure-tone audiometry and tympanometry. We then compared the data between CRSwNP patients with OME (n = 20) and those without (n = 60). In the OME group, a conductive hearing loss was present in 16 patients (80.0%); all patients in the control group had normal hearing. With regard to symptoms, only rhinorrhea appeared to be more common in patients with OME than in those without, although the difference was not statistically significant. We found no significant difference in nasal polyposis grades between the two groups. Also, we found no correlations between the risk of OME and previous surgical treatment, asthma, allergy, aspirin intolerance, aspirin and/or NSAID intolerance, aspirin and/or sulfite intolerance, and aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease. Based on our findings, we conclude that OME occurs frequently during the evolution of CRSwNP, even when the nasal disease is well controlled. This finding suggests the possible presence, in OME and/or CRSwNP, of a global inflammatory process that involves the epithelium in both the middle ear and upper airway.

Delayed Onset Post-Tympanotomy Otorrhea

1988 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
George A. Gates ◽  
Christine Avery ◽  
Thomas J. Prihoda ◽  
G. Richard Holt
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Secretory Otitis Media ◽  
Delayed Onset ◽  
Tympanostomy Tubes ◽  
Care Costs

Otorrhea is the most frequent complication of the use of tympanostomy tubes. When it occurs after the immediate postoperative period, otorrhea is probably the result of external contamination of the middle ear or acute otitis media. We analyzed data from 627 operations upon 1248 ears of 491 children with chronic secretory otitis media and found that delayed onset (longer than 7 weeks) postoperative otorrhea occurred after 26.4 percent of the 382 operations in which tympanostomy tubes were used. The average number of episodes of otorrhea per case was 1.46 and ranged from 1 to 9. The rate of otorrhea occurrence in patients with tubes in place was significantly higher in the summer months. Otorrhea also occurred after 9.0 percent of 245 myringotomy procedures. The average number of episodes was 1.32 and ranged from 1 to 3. Treatment of postoperative otorrhea increases the health care costs of surgical treatment of chronic otitis media with effusion; this problem should be included in the calculation of cost-effectiveness.

Prevalence of ear diseases in the children of Delhi

2015 ◽  
Vol 129 (5) ◽  
pp. 425-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
S K Chadha ◽  
K Gulati ◽  
S Garg ◽  
A K Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Ear Diseases ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Significant Public Health Problem ◽  
Significant Public Health

AbstractObjective:This study aimed to assess the prevalence and profile of ear diseases in children from Delhi, India.Methods:A population-based cross-sectional door-to-door survey was carried out in two districts of Delhi, and involved children of all demographic sections of the region. A total of 4626 children aged between 18 days and 15 years underwent examinations including otoscopy, impedance audiometry and hearing screening.Results:In all, 14.8 per cent of the study sample was diagnosed with one or more ear morbidities, the most common being cerumen impaction (7.5 per cent) and chronic suppurative otitis media (3.6 per cent). There was clinical evidence of otitis media with effusion in 2 per cent of children, and 0.96 per cent had otitis externa (bacterial and fungal). The point prevalence of acute suppurative otitis media was 0.39 per cent. In all, 0.45 per cent of children were found to have an undiagnosed foreign body within the ear canal.Conclusion:The high prevalence of ear disease poses a significant public health problem in Delhi.

Management of Otitis Media Using Agency for Health Care Policy and Research Guidelines

1998 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Griffith S. Hsu ◽  
Samuel C. Levine ◽  
G. Scott Giebink
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Health Care Policy ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Care Policy ◽  
Research Guidelines ◽  
Recurrent Acute Otitis Media ◽  
History Of

Increased costs of managing otitis media and its complications may result from delays in diagnosis and treatment. The Agency for Health Care Policy and Research developed guidelines to assist in the management of chronic otitis media with effusion. We examined the medical care adherence to Agency for Health Care Policy and Research guidelines in 59 consecutive patients referred because of chronic otitis media with effusion and recurrent acute otitis media. Patient history and examination data were collected prospectively. In the group with chronic otitis media with effusion, the rate of adherence to Agency for Health Care Policy and Research guidelines was 0%; in those with recurrent acute otitis media, adherence was 5%. Delayed referral occurred in 34% of patients; 25% of patients were referred early. The average duration of effusion in patients with chronic otitis media with effusion was 5.2 months; the duration of recurrent acute otitis media immediately before referral was 9.3 months. Eighteen patients (47%) in the chronic otitis media with effusion group had a history of recurrent chronic otitis media with effusion spanning an average of 22.7 months. On referral, hearing loss was discovered in 92% of all patients, and in 69% the tympanogram was flat. The complication and sequelae rate was 49.1%, and speech delay was the most frequent at 16.9%. We conclude that in our study patients there is a significant referral delay, long history of chronic otitis media with effusion in patients before referral, high rate of hearing loss, and high complication rate. Continued efforts should be directed toward improving education of all clinicians so that diagnostic tools and timely otolaryngologic referral are better used.

scholarly journals Qualidade de Vida das Crianças com Otite Média e Impacto da Colocação de Tubos de Ventilação Transtimpânicos numa População Portuguesa

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Rita Lameiras ◽  
Deodato Silva ◽  
Assunção O´Neill ◽  
Pedro Escada
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Portuguese Version ◽  
Physical Suffering ◽  
Recurrent Acute Otitis Media

Introduction: Quality of life is an important measure for health-outcome evaluation. Although otitis media is one of the most common childhood diseases, its impact on Portuguese children’s quality of life is unknown. The aim of this study is to determine the quality of life of Portuguese children with chronic otitis media with effusion and/or recurrent acute otitis media and the short-term impact of transtympanic ventilation tubes, using the Portuguese version of the OM-6 questionnaire, a valid, reliable and sensitive instrument to evaluate the health-related quality of life in children with otitis media.Material and Methods: This study was conducted in a tertiary referral center, to where children are referred from primary care and hospital pediatric consultations. The Portuguese version of the OM-6 questionnaire was applied to children with chronic otitis media with effusion and/or recurrent acute otitis media. The instrument was re-administered at two months postoperatively to a group of children who underwent tympanostomy tube placement, to evaluate the change in quality of life with the surgical procedure.Results: The study involved a sample of 169 children, aged between 6 months and 12 years (mean: 4.20 ± 2.05 years). The average score in the survey was 3.3 ± 1.47, of a maximum of 7 (worst quality of life). The domains ‘caregiver concerns’, ‘hearing loss’ and ‘physical suffering’ had the highest scores. The domain ‘hearing loss’ was correlated with the domain ‘speech impairment’ (rs = 0.41; p < 0.001) and the domain ‘physical suffering’ correlated with the domain ‘activity limitation’ (rs = 0.47; p < 0.001). There was a correlation between the score on ‘hearing loss’ and the presence of conduction hearing loss (χ2 (6) = 24.662; p = 0.022). Children with chronic otitis media with effusion had lower scores on the domain ‘physical suffering’, while children with recurrent acute otitis media had lower scores in the domain ‘hearing loss’ and higher scores in the domain ‘emotional distress’. There was an improvement in the quality of life in all the dimensions studied by the questionnaire after surgery. The improvement was large in 55%, moderate in 15% and small in 10% of the cases. The presence of otorrhea postoperatively did not decrease the quality of life improvement achieved with surgery.Conclusion: Otitis media has a negative impact on Portuguese children quality of life. Tympanostomy tubes improve quality of life related to the middle ear in most children. The application of validated disease-specific questionnaires allows an enhanced understanding of the impact of otitis media on Portuguese children quality of life and of the success of therapeutic measures.

Immunologic Characteristics of Cytokines in Otitis Media with Effusion

1992 ◽  
Vol 101 (10_suppl) ◽  
pp. 21-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuo Himi ◽  
Toshio Suzuki ◽  
Hiroyuki Takezawa ◽  
Hiroyuki Kodama ◽  
Akikatsu Kataura
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Gm Csf ◽  
Cytologic Analysis ◽  
Macrophage Colony

Levels of cytokines, interleukin (IL)–1α, IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) were investigated in samples of the middle ear effusions (MEEs) from 144 ears with otitis media with effusion (OME) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, followed by cytologic analysis. Middle ear effusions of the acute purulent type contained a significantly higher concentration of cytokines compared with normal control sera (p < .001). Cytokines were observed at lower levels in MEE in adults than in children. Tests of children at the chronic stage of MEE showed higher levels of TNF than IL-1 and GM-CSF. Meanwhile, IL-1β showed significantly higher concentrations in acute purulent types than in serous and mucoid types (p < .01). In cytologic analysis, the mean level of IL-1β was significantly higher in the neutrophil-rich group than in other groups (p < .05). Cytokines possess several biologic properties, some of which are associated not only with acute otitis media but also with chronic otitis media. This study showed that cytokines, especially IL-1β, contribute to infiltration into the middle ear by inflammatory cells. This implies that the persistent presence of cytokines in MEE could be a factor in prolonged OME.

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