scholarly journals Assessment Of Third Ventricular Parameters in Computed Tomography of Head: A Pilot Study in Tertiary Level Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 82-86
Author(s):  
Umesh P Khanal ◽  
Keshav Sah ◽  
Ram B Chand
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Third Ventricle ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ct ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Upper Limits ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Enhanced Ct

Introduction Measurement of ventricles of the brain is important for evaluating changes due to growth, ageing, intrinsic and extrinsic pathologies. The aim of this study was to determine the various parameters of the third ventricle and to assess their association with gender and age using computed tomography (CT) scans of head. MethodsThis retrospective, quantitative, cross sectional study was performed in the Department of Radiology and Imaging, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital from July to October 2019 (4 months) on images of 100 patients (50 males and 50 females) whose age group were 18-87 years, who underwent non-contrast and contrast enhanced CT scan of head. ResultsThe total mean of width of third ventricle was found to be 0.33±0.09 cm, 0.35±0.10 cm in male and 0.31±0.06 cm in female. Third ventricle width (TVW) showed statistically significant correlation with male and also with Age. Mean of third ventricle sylvian fissure distance index was 0.41±0.67 cm, 0.42±0.65 cm in male and 0.39±0.06 cm in female respectively. Mean of third ventricle ratio was 0.03±0.09 cm, 0.03±0.09 cm in male and 0.02±0.09 in female respectively. The value were slightly higher in male. ConclusionThe third ventricle width in CT in this study was 0.33±0.09 cm. CT was very useful to determine the upper limits of normal value and its variation with age.

scholarly journals Identifying communication-related predictors of patient satisfaction in a briefing prior to contrast-enhanced computed tomography

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Scholz ◽  
Sandra Lange ◽  
Britta Rosenberg ◽  
Marie-Luise Kromrey ◽  
Annika Syperek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patients Satisfaction ◽  
Physician Characteristics ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ct ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Enhanced Ct

Abstract Background This study aimed to prospectively investigate patients’ satisfaction with briefings before computed tomography (CT) examinations, determine feasibility, and identify factors influencing patient satisfaction independent of patient and physician characteristics. Methods One hundred sixty patients received information by a radiologist prior to contrast-enhanced CT examinations in an open, prospective, two-center, cross-sectional study (including the introduction of the radiologist, procedure, radiation exposure, possible side effects, and alternatives). Afterwards, patients and radiologists evaluated the briefing using a standardized questionnaire. Additionally, factors such as age, socioeconomic status, inpatient/outpatient status, length of the radiologist’s professional experience, duration of the briefing, clarity of the radiologist’s explanations as perceived by patients, and the duration of communication were obtained in this questionnaire. Subsequently, three classes of influencing factors were defined and entered stepwise into a hierarchical regression. Results Patient satisfaction ratings differed significantly by type of hospitalization, perceived type of communication, and patient gender. Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that perceived clarity was the strongest predictor of patients’ satisfaction when controlling for the patient and physician characteristics. Conclusions Patients appeared to be satisfied with the briefing prior to CT examination. The mean briefing time (2 min 35 s) seemed feasible. Patients’ demographics influenced satisfaction. To improve patients’ satisfaction with briefings before contrast-enhanced CT, radiologists should aim to clarify their communication.

scholarly journals A QUANTITATIVE, CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY TO MEASURE AORTA SACRAL PROMONTORY DISTANCE AMONG FEMALES REFERRED FOR CONTRAST ENHANCED CT ABDOMEN

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hit Narayan Prasad ◽  
Swati Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sacral Colpopexy ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Sacral Promontory ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ct ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Enhanced Ct ◽  
Significant Change

Aim: This study was carried out to measure the aorta sacral promontory distance among the females referred for contrast enhanced CT abdomen in a tertiary hospital. Material and methods: A quantitative, cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of radiology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Science, Patna, Bihar, India from December 2019 to October 2020.Total of 140 patients who underwent Contrast Enhanced CT abdomen. The age, height and weight of the patients were noted. In this study, aorta sacral promontory distance was determined. Results: The mean age was found to be 51.37 years, mean APT distance 4.61±0.80 cm and mean BMI 24.88. Increased in age was correlated with decrease in APT distance but there was no correlation between BMI and APT distance. According to this study, APT distance was decreased in elderly female patients but no significant change in BMI and APT. Conclusion: we conclude that the age increased, APT distance decreased and there was no significant change in relation to BMI. Therefore, during sacral colpopexy, the surgeon should be careful and consider the aorta sacral promontory distance in the elder female patients while performing dissection. Keywords: aorta sacral promontory distance, pelvic organ prolapse, sacral colpopexy.

IMAGING CHARACTERISTIS OF MDCT IN NASOPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA

2014 ◽  
pp. 159-167
Author(s):  
Huu Thuan Ngo ◽  
Minh Loi Hoang ◽  
Van Dinh Nguyen ◽  
Dinh Duyen Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Lateral Wall ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Slice Thickness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lymph Nodes Metastasis ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ct ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Key Words Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Objectives: Imaging characteristis of MDCT in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Subject and methods: Cross- sectional study in 51patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma by MDCT at Danang Cancer Hospital from January 2013 to July 2014. Results: The findings reveal that the tumor in lateral wall (66.7%), diameter > 2cm (64.7%), hypodensity (98%), contrast- enhanced CT (62.7%). Blunting of fossa of Rosenmuller (96.1%), invasion of parapharyngeal space (62.7%), destruction of pterygoid bone (19.6%), invasion of skull base (17.6%), destruction of sphenoid bone (9.8%). Lymph nodes metastasis (96.1%), diameter (> 1- 3cm) is 58.8%. T-staging by CT showed T1 (35.3%), T2 (37.3%), T3 (17.6%) and T4 (9.8%). N- staging by CT showed N2 (66.7%), N3a- N3b (19.6%). Staging of Nasopharyngeal carcinoma: stage II-III (60.8%), stage IVA-IVB (23.5%) and stage IVC (11.8%). Conclusions: MDCT with a thinner slice thickness and high quality images is able to detect lymph nodes metastasis with small size and those in deep neck area and assess comprehensively the invasion of the tumor. Key words: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma, MDCT

scholarly journals Prospective Study on the Performance of 18F-DOPA Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography in Patients with Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inés Califano ◽  
Fabian Pitoia ◽  
Roxana Chirico ◽  
Alejandra de Salazar ◽  
Maria Bastianello
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Medullary Thyroid ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ct ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Enhanced Ct

Abstract Purpose 18F-DOPA Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (18F-DOPA PET/CT) is a sensitive functional imaging method (65-75%) for detecting disease localization in medullary thyroid cancer (MTC). We aimed: i) to assess the clinical usefulness of 18F-DOPA PET/CT in patients with MTC and elevated calcitonin (Ctn) and CEA levels and, ii) to evaluate changes in disease management secondary to the findings encountered with this methodology. Methods thirty-six patients with MTC and Ctn levels ≥150 pg/ml were prospectively included. Neck ultrasound, chest contrast-enhanced CT, liver magnetic resonance imaging/ abdominal 3-phase contrast-enhanced CT and bone scintigraphy were carried out up to 6 months before the 18F DOPA PET/CT. Results 77.7% were female and 27% had hereditary MTC. Median Ctn level was 1450 pg/ml [150-56620], median CEA level 413 ng/ml [2.9-7436]. Median Ctn DT was 37.5 months [5.7-240]; median CEA DT was 31.8 [4.9-180]. 18F-DOPA PET/CT was positive in 33 patients (91.6%); in 18 (56%) uptake was observed in lymph nodes in the neck or mediastinum, in 7 cases (22%) distant metastases were diagnosed, and in 8 additional patients (24%) both locoregional and distant sites of disease were found. Ctn and CEA levels were higher in patients with ≥ 3 foci of distant metastases. In 14 patients (38.8%), findings on 18F-DOPA PET/CT led to changes in management; surgery for locoregional lymph nodes was the most frequent procedure in 8 patients (22%). Conclusion 18F-DOPA PET/CT was useful for the detection of recurrent disease in MTC and provided helpful information for patient management.

scholarly journals Misdiagnosis of Rectus Abdominis Abscess Owing to Delayed Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuichiro Nagase ◽  
Yukinori Harada
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Rectus Abdominis ◽  
Rectus Abdominis Muscle ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ct ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Enhanced Ct ◽  
The Right ◽  
Enhanced Computed Tomography ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography

A 77-year-old man, who was on anticoagulation, presented with a painful lump on the right abdominal wall. Laboratory tests showed slight anaemia and elevated inflammatory markers. Abdominal plain computed tomography (CT) revealed a mass in the right rectus abdominis muscle. He was admitted with a diagnosis of primary rectus abdominis haematoma. However, on the next day, the diagnosis was corrected to primary rectus abdominis abscess, following contrast-enhanced CT of the abdomen. This case illustrates the importance of considering primary rectus abdominis abscess in patients with suspected primary rectus abdominis haematoma, and contrast should be used when performing CT.

scholarly journals Sex difference in aortic valve fibrosis assessed by contrast-enhanced computed tomography in severe aortic stenosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
V Myasoedova ◽  
E Fraschini ◽  
G Mostardini ◽  
L Bonfanti ◽  
M Chiesa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Aortic Stenosis ◽  
Sex Difference ◽  
Severe Aortic Stenosis ◽  
Aortic Valve Area ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ct ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Enhanced Ct

Abstract Background Aortic stenosis (AS) is characterized by fibro-calcific remodeling of aortic valve leaflets. Progressive aortic valve calcification (AVC) occurs in both sexes and cardiac computed tomography (CT) is recognized as a high-quality technique for AVC evaluation. To date, sex-specific CT thresholds of AVC have been implemented in clinical practice since it is now recognized that women have less AVC burden than men. In addition, recent evidences indicate that women have more fibrotic remodeling of aortic valve leaflet compared to men. Purpose Aortic valve fibrosis (AVF) being a significant contributor to valve gradient, we sought to evaluate the difference in AVF burden between men and women with severe AS using contrast-enhanced CT. Methods We included 56 patients matched for age and sex with severe AS. All patients underwent Doppler echocardiography and cardiac CT before intervention. Contrast attenuation values (Hounsfield Units, HU) and contrast-to-noise ratio were measured at the level of the ascending aorta. Total AVF was assessed based on HU ranging between 30 and 350, adjusting the upper threshold by increments of 25 HU in either direction until blood pool was not highlighted. Indexed contrast-enhanced CT calcium volume (iAVC) and fibrosis volume (iAVF) were calculated dividing the volumes by the aortic annular area. Fibro-calcific ratio was calculate dividing iAVF by iAVC volumes. Results There was no difference between men and women in major cardiovascular risk factors, valve phenotype (bicuspid vs. tricuspid), nor pharmacological treatment. Men had higher body surface area than women (1.89±0.14 vs. 1.67±0.17 m2, respectively; p<0.001), while women had lower aortic valve area than men (AVA; 0.74±0.2 vs. 0.91±0.2 cm2, respectively; p=0.007) but similar indexed AVA (0.44±0.15 vs. 0.48±0.12 cm2/m2, respectively; p=0.262). Women had significantly lower iAVC compared to men (36 [36–72] vs. 72 [67–123] mm3/cm2, respectively; p=0.03). However, iAVF was significantly higher in women compared to men (83 [78–123] vs. 63 [58–83] mm3/cm2, respectively; p=0.006). Finally, the fibro-calcific ratio, which indicates the predominance of valve fibrosis if >1.0, was significantly higher in women compared to men (2.57 [2.14–7.02] vs. 0.78 [0.84–2.02], respectively; p=0.003). Conclusions Our study highlights for the first time a sex difference in the fibrotic content of severe AS evaluated by contrast-enhanced CT. These findings might be valuable to promote further studies on the role of sex-specific tissue composition in AS progression and outcomes. FUNDunding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: Foundation. Main funding source(s): Fondazione Gigi e Pupa Ferrari ONLUS

scholarly journals Evaluation of chronic headache by computed tomography: a retrospective study

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anish Subedee
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Chronic Headache ◽  
Patient Management ◽  
Alter Patient ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ct ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Enhanced Ct ◽  
Minor Abnormality ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Clinically Significant

Objective: To find out the proportion of intracranial abnormalities in patients with chronic headache without neurologic abnormality with the use of computed tomography (CT) and to compare the results with similar studies done previously. Materials and methods: CT images of 56 patients with chronic/recurrent headache and normal neurological findings were reviewed retrospectively. In 38 of 56 patients, both plain and contrast enhanced CT were done. Patients were divided into three groups according to the CT findings: those with no abnormality, those with minor abnormality (that did not alter patient management) and those with clinically significant abnormality. Proportion of patients in each group was found out and results were compared with previous studies with similar study design. Z test was used to evaluate whether the difference in proportions of patients in our study and previous study was statistically significant or not. Results: Of the 56 patients, 50 had normal CT (89.28 %), four had minor abnormality (7.14%) that did not alter patient management and two had significant lesions (3.57%). Contrast enhanced CT did not improve lesion detection. The minor findings detected were sub-ependymal calcifications of Tuberous sclerosis, calcified neurocysticercosis and old lacunar infarctions in external capsule. Clinically significant lesions detected were small ring enhancing lesion (neurocysticercosis or tuberculoma) and pineal cyst. Results of this study were compared with previous study with similar study design. The Z test showed that the difference in proportions in these studies was not statistically significant (p =0.0708 for minor findings and p =0.2033 for significant findings). Conclusion: The proportion of intracranial abnormalities detected by CT in this study was similar to that of previous studies. The use of intravenous contrast material administration did not improve its yield. This corroborates the evidence that the ability of CT scan in detecting significant intracranial pathology is poor in patients with chronic headache without neurologic abnormality.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jonmc.v1i2.7301 Journal of Nobel Medical College (2012), Vol.1 No.2 p.57-63

scholarly journals Evaluation of genitourinary fistulas in pelvic malignancies with etiopathologic correlation: role of cross sectional imaging in detection and management

2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (1111) ◽  
pp. 20200049 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anitha Mandava ◽  
Veeraiah Koppula ◽  
Gaurav Sharma ◽  
Meghana Kandati ◽  
K.V.V.N. Raju ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pelvic Malignancies ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ct ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Enhanced Ct ◽  
Cross Sectional Imaging ◽  
Sectional Imaging ◽  
Ct And Mri

Objective: Genitourinary fistulas in pelvic malignancies are abnormal communications occurring due to either locally advanced tumours invading the surrounding organs or post-therapeutic complications of malignancies. In this article we review and describe the role of cross-sectional imaging findings in the management of genitourinary fistulas in pelvic malignancies. Methods: A retrospective study, for the period January 2012 to December 2018, was undertaken in patients with pelvic malignancies having genitourinary fistulas. The cross-sectional (CT and MRI) imaging findings in various types of fistulas were reviewed and correlated with the primary malignancy and the underlying etiopathology. Results: Genitourinary fistulas were observed in 71 patients (6 males, 65 females). 11 types of fistulas were identified in carcinomas of cervix, rectum, ovary, urinary bladder, sigmoid colon, vault, endometrium and prostate. The commonest were rectovaginal and vesicovaginal fistulas. 13 patients had multiple fistulas. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of CT and MRI are 98%, 100%, 66%, 98% and 95%, 25%, 88% and 50% respectively. Contrast-enhanced CT with oral and rectal contrast is more sensitive and specific than MRI in the evaluation of genitourinary fistulas. Conclusion: Imaging findings significantly influence the management and outcome of genitourinary fistulas in pelvic malignancies. Contrast-enhanced CT is the imaging modality of choice in the evaluation of pelvic fistulas associated with malignancies and MRI is complimentary to it. Advances in knowledge: To our knowledge, this study is the first of its kind wherein the mean duration of occurrence of fistulas in pelvic malignancies is correlated with the underlying etiopathology.

Computed Tomography in Massive Pulmonary Embolism

1989 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Kälebo ◽  
J. Wallin
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Massive Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Dynamic Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ct ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Enhanced Ct ◽  
Dynamic Contrast Enhanced Ct

The usefulness of computed tomography (CT) for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE) was demonstrated in two cases. Employing dynamic, contrast-enhanced CT, both direct and indirect signs of PE may be rapidly and conveniently demonstrated. Possible contraindications for therapy may be diagnosed simultaneously and follow-up examinations after therapy may be readily performed. The method serves as a good complement when PE must be verified before treatment with potent agents.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document