scholarly journals Airbnb: Understanding the Concept, Recognizing the Values

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 132-169
Author(s):  
Ramesh Raj Kunwar
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Disruptive Innovation ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
The World ◽  
Shed Light

Peer-to-peer (P2P) accommodation into the tourism market through a model of disruptive innovation is going to be very popular in the world. This has been coined as network hospitality led by Airbnb platform which will work as a mediator between the hosts and guests. Trust plays the major role for decision making to buy the shelter. The objective of studying this new area is to understand in better way through the help of secondary sources. Academic research is generally guided by the theories. Therefore, the researcher aimed to know which kind of concepts and models were applied by previous scholars. The study is confined to the Airbnb and Couchsurfing. For this study, the researcher has followed umbrella type of review research which will shed light on the knowledge of peer-to-peer accommodation and sharing economy.

Bridging the “Know-Do” Gap in Healthcare Priority-Setting: What Role Has Academic Research Played?

2005 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 26-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devidas Menon ◽  
Tania Stafinski
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Health Services Research ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Priority Setting ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Services Research ◽  
Academic Health ◽  
The World

“Evidence-informed” priority-setting in healthcare has become increasingly important in most health systems around the world. This paper presents the results of a two-part study of the role of academic health services research in healthcare priority-setting. First, a review of peer-reviewed literature was done to elicit the factors important to priority-setting. Second, a survey of authors of this literature was conducted to determine the value of relevant academic work to decision-making.

scholarly journals LEADERSHIP AND DECISION MAKING IN CASES OF UNCERTAINTY AND RISK - THE CASE OF THE EMERGING CORONAVIRUS (COVID-19) CRISIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 52-74
Author(s):  
Prof. Dr. Nazem Malkawi ◽  
Dr. “MOHAMMADHAIDER“ MOHAILAN ◽  
Dr.Ahmad MALKAWI ◽  
DR. REHMEH MALKAWI
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Health Economic ◽  
Cultural Change ◽  
Virtual Work ◽  
Complete Information ◽  
Psychological Aspects ◽  
Analytical Methodology ◽  
The World ◽  
Systematic Framework ◽  
Shed Light

Motivation/Background: The purpose of this paper is to shed light on leadership and decision-making in situations of uncertainty and risk-the case of the emerging coronavirus (COVID-19) crisis, as well as to give a systematic framework as a guide for leaders to deal with the COVID-19 and other sudden crises. Method: This paper is based on theoretical analytical methodology, were questions of the study are built, and then data were collected from previous research about study concepts. This helps in extracting lessons and principles that help researchers to answer study questions and build a methodological the framework. Results: The current COVID-19 crisis is a global sudden crisis that differs from previous crises in terms of its strength, effects, and speed, it strucks all health, economic, social and psychological aspects of life. It causes a challenge of supply chains pose to governments and organizations, accelerated transformation to virtual work, and brought cultural change at all levels. All this forced leaders to take quick and bold decisions in the absence of complete information and lack of transparency. Conclusions: The originality of this study stems from studying the new COVID-19 crisis that suddenly struck the world and confused the most powerful countries and institutions, as leaders stood unable to deal with this crisis and its destructive effects in various aspects of life. Research on dealing with this crisis is still incomplete and subject to modification and change. Therefore, studying this and coming up with a systematic framework increases originality and novelty of this study.

scholarly journals Mergers and Acquisitions within the Sharing Economy: Placing All the Players on the Board

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 743
Author(s):  
Cristina Pérez-Pérez ◽  
Diana Benito-Osorio ◽  
Susana María García Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Mergers And Acquisitions ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Initial Attempt ◽  
Specific Knowledge ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
The World ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
The Way

The sharing economy is changing the way customers perceive businesses and making traditional companies face new challenges. Many outmoded companies have decided to embrace these changes either by creating their own sharing platforms or by acquiring an already existing one. This paper is an initial attempt to shed light on the reasons behind mergers and acquisitions involving at least one sharing platform. We conduct an in-depth analysis of M&As over the period 2012–2019 with a sample of 108 operations, covering countries all around the world. Our analysis reveals how important and commonplace these operations are becoming, and how widely spread sharing platforms are. The paper also shows how traditional companies are dealing with these new competitors and how sharing companies need the specific knowledge provided by established companies with outmoded approaches.

The Future of Shared Economy: A Case Study on Airbnb

2021 ◽  
pp. 231971452110035
Author(s):  
Aruna Polisetty ◽  
Jikku Susan Kurian
Keyword(s):  
Business Model ◽  
Economic Model ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Service Capacity ◽  
Indian Market ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Bed And Breakfast

One of the most popular IT-facilitated peer-to-peer economic model driving the world, the sharing economy attained its importance in India of late and witnessed a sudden acceptance among people. This model emphasizes the sharing of underutilized goods or service capacity, without transferring the ownership, with the aid of an intermediary, which was widely accepted by the Indian market mainly because of high mobile penetration, high millennial concentration and its aspirational population. Though there are numerous examples of shared economy prevailing in India, this case is on the initiation, hiccups, acceptance, growth, and the pandemic led to sudden blow in the business of Airbnb, the bed and breakfast startup founded by Brian Chesky, Joe Gabberia and Nathan Blecharczyk. Though the young workforce, dominated by millennials and Gen Z generations, acted as a catalyst in the growth of Airbnb, the unanticipated pandemic catapulted the business of Airbnb, invalidating its business model. The business model that provided a handful of earning opportunities to both the hosts and the business is no more in existence. However, Airbnb adopted a series of measures to protect the rights of both parties. This case discusses the possible strategies Airbnb can adopt to get its business back to track post-pandemic days.

scholarly journals Judgments in the Sharing Economy: The Effect of User-Generated Trust and Reputation Information on Decision-Making Accuracy and Bias

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mircea Zloteanu ◽  
Nigel Harvey ◽  
David Tuckett ◽  
Giacomo Livan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Diagnostic Information ◽  
Positivity Bias ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Trust And Reputation ◽  
Substantial Change

The growing ecosystem of peer-to-peer enterprise – the Sharing Economy (SE) – has brought with it a substantial change in how we access and provide goods and services. Within the SE, individuals make decisions based mainly on user-generated trust and reputation information (TRI). Recent research indicates that the use of such information tends to produce a positivity bias in the perceived trustworthiness of fellow users. Across two experimental studies performed on an artificial SE accommodation platform, we test whether users’ judgments can be accurate when presented with diagnostic information relating to the quality of the profiles they see or if these overly positive perceptions persist. In study 1, we find that users are quite accurate overall (70%) at determining the quality of a profile, both when presented with full profiles or with profiles where they selected three TRI elements they considered useful for their decision-making. However, users tended to exhibit an “upward quality bias” when making errors. In study 2, we leveraged patterns of frequently vs. infrequently selected TRI elements to understand whether users have insights into which are more diagnostic and find that presenting frequently selected TRI elements improved users’ accuracy. Overall, our studies demonstrate that – positivity bias notwithstanding – users can be remarkably accurate in their online SE judgments.

scholarly journals Racial discrimination in the sharing economy: Evidence from Airbnb markets across the world

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bastian Jaeger ◽  
Willem Sleegers
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Racial Discrimination ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Racial Minorities ◽  
The World

Online peer-to-peer platforms aim to reduce anonymity and increase trust by displaying personal information about sellers. However, consumers may also rely on the names and profile photos of sellers to avoid sellers from certain social groups. Here we analyze more than 100,000 Airbnb rentals to test whether consumers discriminate against hosts from racial minorities. If consumers prefer to stay with a White host, then hosts from racial minorities should be able to charger lower prices for similar rentals. In Study 1, we analyzed 96,150 Airbnb listings across 24 cities, 14 countries, and 3 continents and found that non-White hosts charge 2.74% lower prices for qualitatively similar rentals. In Study 2, a preregistered analysis of 12,648 listings across 14 cities in the United States showed that, compared to White hosts, Black hosts charge 7.39% lower prices and Asian hosts charge 5.94% lower prices. Even though the magnitude of the price penalties varied, they emerged consistently across most cities. In sum, the current findings suggest that there is widespread discrimination against Airbnb hosts from racial minorities.

Consumer perception of service quality The case of Airbnb and Couchsurfing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Dewitte ◽  
Jérôme Mallargé ◽  
Alain Decrop
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Annual Growth ◽  
Collaborative Consumption ◽  
The World ◽  
Consumption Practices ◽  
Hospitality And Tourism Industry ◽  
Bank Group

Recent economic, social and environmental concerns have drawn attention to the necessity to rethink our consumption patterns (Barnes & Mattsson, 2016) and call for alternative forms of consumption. In parallel, digitalization dramatically changes the way we live, work, consume and travel (OECD, 2020). As a result, new consumption practices have emerged in the last years, privileging access over ownership (Botsman & Rogers, 2010). Those practices, labelled as sharing economy or collaborative consumption (Belk, 2014; Benoit et al., 2017; Botsman & Rogers, 2010), involve most of the time peer-to-peer exchanges (for a fee or for free) that are coordinated through community-based online services (Hamari, Sjoklint & Ukkonen, 2016). Such collaborative services have recently boomed, impacting many sectors, including the hospitality and tourism industry (Sigala, 2017), with well-known initiatives such as Airbnb or Couchsurfing. Peer-to-peer accommodation services are transforming the tourism industry (PWC, 2015) by enabling consumers to share and access goods escaping traditional services like hotels and travel agencies. According to Hotrec (2014), peer-to-peer accommodation is twice bigger than the conventional tourism accommodation industry in Europe. The World Bank Group estimates a 31% annual growth of this new accommodation type between 2013 and 2025, which is six times bigger than the annual growth of the conventional bed and breakfast and hotel industry. In total, peer-topeer accommodation makes up about 7% of accommodation worldwide (Bakker & Twining-Ward, 2018). Two of the most sucessful sharing economy unicorns, AirBnB and Couchsurfing, have very different business models. Airbnb is an online peer-to-peer marketplace that matches hosts wishing to share their home with travelers (i.e. guests) who are looking for accommodation. Valued at 38 billion USD (Forbes, 2018), Airbnb has more than 60 million customers and around two million accommodations in the world (OECD, 2016). At the opposite, Couchsurfing is a free online hospitality exchange network that connects travelers looking for a place to sleep with people offering their ‘couch’ for a couple of nights. The community gathers around ten million members around the world.

Medical Diagnosis from a Clinician’s Point of View

1978 ◽  
Vol 17 (01) ◽  
pp. 28-35
Author(s):  
F. T. De Dombal
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
Medical Diagnosis ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Joint Research ◽  
The World

This paper discusses medical diagnosis from the clinicians point of view. The aim of the paper is to identify areas where computer science and information science may be of help to the practising clinician. Collection of data, analysis, and decision-making are discussed in turn. Finally, some specific recommendations are made for further joint research on the basis of experience around the world to date.

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