scholarly journals Study on Curvatures of Clavicle With Its Clinical Importance

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 279-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
M K Haque ◽  
D I Mansur ◽  
K Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Intramedullary Nailing ◽  
Total Curvature ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
First Year ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Human Skeleton ◽  
Left Clavicle ◽  
Lateral Curvature ◽  
The Right

Background The clavicle is the most frequently fractured bone of the human skeleton. 70–80% of fractures occur at the middle third of the shaft of the bone. Anatomical variations in the clavicle of relevance to form intramedullary fixation. Objectives The purpose of this study was attempted to know about comparative differences between curvatures of the right and left clavicles, from certain metrical parameters. Methods The materials for the present study consisted of 257 (135 right and 122 left) adult clavicles, which were collected from the Department of Anatomy and from the students of the first year M.B.B.S during the period 2010 - 2011, Department of Anatomy, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Nepal. The deepest points of the curvatures of the clavicle, where the convexities were the maximum. These angles were measured with the help of a protractor. The sum of the two angles constituted the total curvature of the bone. Results The average medial angle, lateral angle and sum of the two angles of right side were 150.97º ±6.16 SD, 139.76º ±7.55 SD and 290.73º ±11.14 respectively and that of the left side were 151.50º ±5.67SD, 141.73º ±8.44 SD and 293.23º ±11.69SD respectively. The present study revealed that the medial and lateral angles of the left clavicle were greater than that of the right clavicle and medial curvature was more than the lateral curvature of the same clavicle. Conclusions It is important to recognize anatomical variations in the curvatures of clavicle when considering intramedullary nailing techniques. It also helps Anthropologists in their study of evolution.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v9i4.6344 Kathmandu Univ Med J 2011;9(4):279-82

A rare variation in the formation of the lower trunk of the brachial plexus its embryological basis and clinical importance - a case report

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 49-52
Author(s):  
N Satyanarayana ◽  
R Guha ◽  
P Sunitha ◽  
GN Reddy ◽  
G Praveen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Brachial Plexus ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Nerve Roots ◽  
Rare Variation ◽  
Lower Trunk ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
The Right

Brachial plexus is the plexus of nerves, that supplies the upper limb.Variations in the branches of brachial plexus are common but variations in the roots and trunks are very rare. Here, we report one of the such rare variations in the formations of the lower trunk of the brachial plexus in the right upper limb of a male cadaver. In the present case the lower trunk was formed by the union of ventral rami of C7,C8 and T1 nerve roots. The middle trunk was absent. Upper trunk formation was normal. Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal,2011,Vol-6,No-4, 49-52 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v6i4.6727

scholarly journals Unusual variation in musculocutaneous nerves

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 408-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Bhattarai ◽  
PP Poudel
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Clinical Investigation ◽  
Nerve Repair ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Musculocutaneous Nerve ◽  
Branching Pattern ◽  
Variational Study ◽  
The Right ◽  
Nerve System

Background: Variations in origin, course, branching pattern, termination and connections of the musculocutaneous nerve in the arm are not as uncommon as was once thought. Variational study of nerve in Nepalese is very less and can be of surigical-clinical importance. This opinion led us to performing this study. Objectives: The aim of this study was to a study in Nepalese which could be important for clinical investigation and the surgical treatment of peripheral nerve injury. Materials and methods: This study was carried out in Manipal College of medical sciences (MCOMS). Dissection of formalised 16 cadavers (n=32 upper limbs) were carried out using normal dissection kit with the help of standard dissection manual in two and half years. Results: The study revealed the variation in course, branching pattern and termination of musculocutaneous nerve in 6.25% of cases unilaterally on the right side. No statistically significant differences by gender and side were observed. Conclusion: This present study provides the evidence of variation of musculocutaneous nerve in Nepalese. The knowledge of the anatomical variations of the peripheral nerve system can help explain an incomprehensible clinical sign. Key words: Musculocutaneous nerve; Median nerve; Brachial plexus; Peripheral nerve repair. DOI: 10.3126/kumj.v7i4.2763 Kathmandu University Medical Journal (2009) Vol.7, No.4 Issue 28, 408-410

scholarly journals Morphometry of Acromion Process of Human Scapulae and Its Clinical Importance Amongst Nepalese Population

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
DI Mansur ◽  
K Khanal ◽  
MK Haque ◽  
K Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Shoulder Joint ◽  
Surgical Repair ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bipedal Gait ◽  
Measuring Tape ◽  
The Right

Background Morphometry of the acromion process of the scapula is an important factor implicated in impingement syndrome of the shoulder joint. Authors who have studied this process have tried to classify it according to the standard Bigliani classification viz., type 1, 2 and 3. Objectives To analyze and classify the acromion process of human scapulae. Methods The present study was observational, cross-sectional and descriptive in nature. The present study was conducted on 68 adult human scapulae (30 right and 38 left) of unknown age and sex in the Department of Anatomy, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Nepal. The length and breadth of the acromion process and the distances from the tip of the acromion process to the uppermost point of the glenoid cavity and to the tip of the corocoid process were measured with a help of caliper and measuring tape. Results The average length of acromion process on the right and left scapulae were 46.46 ± 5SD mm and 45.57 ± 5.21 SD mm respectively. The average breadth of acromion process of right and left scapulae were 26.63 ± 3.55 SD mm and 27.23 ± 3.06 SD mm respectively. The acromio-coracoid distance on the right and left side were 39.03 + 6.20 mm and 39.39 +5.32 mm respectively. The acromio-glenoid distance was also measured which was 31.83 +3.66 mm & 31.97 +3.96 mm on right and left side respectively. The acromion process was classified in the present study into 3 types, based on the shape as: Triangular - 36.76%, Quadrangular - 52.94% and Tubular - 10.29%. Conclusions Knowing the data on the shape and various distances of acromion may not only help the orthopaedicians during surgical repair around the shoulder joint but also may be of interest to the anthropologists when studying about the evolution of the bipedal gait. The morphometric analysis of the acromion should be used like an auxiliary to promote a better knowledge about the disease that appears in this area. Kathmandu University Medical Journal | Vol.10 | No. 2 | Issue 38 | Apr – June 2012 | Page 33-36 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v10i2.7340

scholarly journals Project “Equalizing opportunities – raising competence of children with disabilities”

2015 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-131
Author(s):  
Bartosz Piasecki ◽  
Ewa Mojs ◽  
Anna Sudoł ◽  
Włodzimierz Samborski
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Auditory Processing ◽  
High Potential ◽  
First Year ◽  
Central Auditory Processing ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Central Auditory Processing Disorders ◽  
School Based ◽  
Auditory Analysis ◽  
The Right

The project will enable the use of the Tomatis therapy for children with central auditory processing disorders and the introduction of a proprietary curriculum preparing children to learn English in primary school – based on the method that streamlines the auditory analysis, on the proprietary language integration CDs used in the Tomatis method and on individual educational and therapeutic lessons with the teacher. The curriculum will be developed in the course of research under the guidance of prof. UM dr hab. Ewa Mojs from the Poznan University of Medical Sciences. The leader of the consortium implementing the project is the Foundation for Local Activity. The innovation has a high potential for implementation. Applicants to begin with estimate ultimately the ability to implement the program in the first year in 350 schools with the right equipment.

scholarly journals Perioperative Identification of an Accessory Fissure of the Right Lung

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yannick Taverne ◽  
Gert-Jan Kleinrensink ◽  
Peter de Rooij
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Functional Anatomy ◽  
Lower Lobe ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Surgical Anatomy ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Profound Knowledge ◽  
The Right ◽  
Accessory Fissure

Anatomical variations of lungs are common in clinical practice; however, they are sometimes overlooked in routine imaging. Surgical anatomy of the lung is complex and many variations are known to occur. A defective pulmonary development gives rise to variations in lobes and fissures. Morphological presentation is of clinical importance and profound knowledge of the organogenesis and functional anatomy is imperative for the interpretation and evaluation of lung pathophysiology and subsequent surgical intervention. However, appreciating them on radiographs and CT scans is difficult and they are therefore often either not identified or completely misinterpreted. As presented in this case report, an accessory fissure separating the superior segment of the right lower lobe from its native lobe was seen perioperatively and could only retrospectively be defined on X-rays and CT scan. It is imperative to keep in mind that accessory fissures can be missed on imaging studies and thus can make the surgical procedure more challenging.

scholarly journals Study of anatomical variations of pterion in Karnataka population

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-58
Author(s):  
Sucharitha A ◽  
Chairtha Rao ◽  
Ashwini N S ◽  
Rameeza Beez
Keyword(s):  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
South Indian ◽  
Racial Variations ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Human Skulls ◽  
The Right ◽  
Keyhole Approach ◽  
The Brain ◽  
One Way Anova

The Pterion is a point of sutural confluence formed by frontal, parietal, temporal and sphenoid bones. Center of pterion is located 4cms above the midpoint of zygomatic arch and 3.5cms behind the fronto-zygomatic suture. Pterion is a reference landmark for many regions of the brain. Knowledge of various types of pterion is important in neurosurgeries as pterion keyhole approach has several advantages over traditional craniotomy; it has got radiological significance in interpretation of radiographs; in forensic medicine, it has been used for estimation of age and stature; and types of pterion has racial variations, hence it has got anthropological significance. Hence, the present study was taken to assess various types of pterion in South Indian adult human skulls. To classify the types of pterion based on Murphy’s classification and compare the right and left sides.The study was conducted on 100 adult dry human skulls collected from Kempegowda Institute of Medical Sciences & Research center, Bangalore. The various types of pterion were noted. All the readings were tabulated and subjected to analysis. All measurements and frequencies of the data were tabulated. The mean, standard deviation for each of the measurements were assessed. Statistical software SPSS version 16 was used. Right and left side were compared using One-Way ANOVA (Analysis of Variance). Various types of pterion were observed. Spheno-parietal was the most predominant (78%) type, followed by epipteric (16%), stellate (4%) and fronto-temporal (2%).: The results of the present study can be utilized by neurosurgeons, radiologists, anthropologists and forensic experts. The findings can be used in future for comparing various types of pterion from a different population, race or species altogether.

Carotid endarterectomy in patients with foetal-type posterior circle of Willis: Is there an indication for local anaesthesia?

VASA ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 404-407
Author(s):  
Maras ◽  
Tzormpatzoglou ◽  
Papas ◽  
Papanas ◽  
Kotsikoris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Endarterectomy ◽  
Local Anaesthesia ◽  
Anatomical Variation ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Circle Of Willis ◽  
Variable Degree ◽  
Operative Complications ◽  
The Right ◽  
Ica Stenosis ◽  
Symptomatic Stenosis

Foetal-type posterior circle of Willis is a common anatomical variation with a variable degree of vessel asymmetry. In patients with this abnormality, carotid endarterectomy (CEA) may create cerebral hypo-perfusion intraoperatively, and this may be underestimated under general anaesthesia. There is currently no evidence that anatomical variations in the circle of Willis represent an independent risk factor for stroke. Moreover, there is a paucity of data on treating patients with such anatomical variations and co-existing ICA stenosis. We present a case of CEA under local anaesthesia (LA) in a 52-year-old female patient with symptomatic stenosis of the right ICA and coexistent foetal-type posterior circle of Willis. There were no post-operative complications and she was discharged free from symptoms. She was seen again 3 months later and was free from complications. This case higlights that LA should be strongly considered to enable better intra-operative neurological monitoring in the event of foetal-type posterior circle of Willis.

The Fox Diet

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yochai Benkler ◽  
Robert Faris ◽  
Hal Roberts
Keyword(s):  
First Year ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Justice Department ◽  
Fox News ◽  
The Core ◽  
Deep State ◽  
Media Ecosystem ◽  
Conservative Media ◽  
The Right

This chapter focuses on the role of the dominant player in conservative media, Fox News, during the first year of Donald Trump’s presidency. It looks at three case studies to illustrate how Fox News used its position at the core of the right-wing media ecosystem repeatedly to mount propaganda attacks in support of Trump: the Michael Flynn firing in March 2017, when Fox adopted the “deep state” framing of the entire controversy; the James Comey firing and Robert Mueller appointment in May 2017; when Fox propagated the Seth Rich murder conspiracy; and in October and November, when the arrests of Paul Manafort and guilty plea of Flynn seemed to mark a new level of threat to the president, Fox reframed the Uranium One story as an attack on the integrity of the FBI and Justice Department officials in charge of the investigation.

The Architecture of Our Discontent

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yochai Benkler ◽  
Robert Faris ◽  
Hal Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Political Communication ◽  
News Media ◽  
The United States ◽  
Online Media ◽  
First Year ◽  
Media Ecosystem ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Right ◽  
Integrated Media ◽  
Presidential Election Campaign

This chapter presents the book’s macrolevel findings about the architecture of political communication and the news media ecosystem in the United States from 2015 to 2018. Two million stories published during the 2016 presidential election campaign are analyzed, along with another 1.9 million stories about Donald Trump’s presidency during his first year. The chapter examines patterns of interlinking between online media sources to understand the relations of authority and credibility among publishers, as well as the media sharing practices of Twitter and Facebook users to elucidate social media attention patterns. The data and mapping reveal not only a profoundly polarized media landscape but stark asymmetry: the right is more insular, skewed towards the extreme, and set apart from the more integrated media ecosystem of the center, center-left, and left.

scholarly journals Two muscular variations in the elbow associated with the anterior interosseous nerve

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Olewnik ◽  
Bartłomiej Szewczyk ◽  
Nicol Zielinska ◽  
Dariusz Grzelecki ◽  
Michał Polguj
Keyword(s):  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Ulnar Artery ◽  
Flexor Pollicis Longus ◽  
Main Band ◽  
Anatomical Dissection ◽  
Pronator Teres ◽  
Anterior Interosseous Nerve ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
The Right

AbstractThe coexistence of different muscular-neurovascular variations is of significant clinical importance. A male cadaver, 76 years old at death, was subjected to routine anatomical dissection; the procedure was performed for research and teaching purposes at the Department of Anatomical Dissection and Donation, Medical University of Lodz. The right forearm and hand were dissected using standard techniques according to a strictly specified protocol. The presence accessory head of the flexor pollicis longus may potentially compress the anterior interosseous nerve. The present case report describes a rare variant of the ulnar head of the pronator teres, characterized by two independent bands (i.e., two proximal attachments). The main band originates from the coronoid process and the second originates from the tendon of the biceps brachii. This type of attachment could potentially affect the compression of the ulnar artery running between the two bands. Additionally, the accessory head of the flexor pollicis longus was observed, which started on the medial epicondyle; its coexistence with a high division median nerve creates a potential pressure site on the anterior interesosseous nerve.

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