scholarly journals Morphometry of Acromion Process of Human Scapulae and Its Clinical Importance Amongst Nepalese Population

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
DI Mansur ◽  
K Khanal ◽  
MK Haque ◽  
K Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Shoulder Joint ◽  
Surgical Repair ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bipedal Gait ◽  
Measuring Tape ◽  
The Right

Background Morphometry of the acromion process of the scapula is an important factor implicated in impingement syndrome of the shoulder joint. Authors who have studied this process have tried to classify it according to the standard Bigliani classification viz., type 1, 2 and 3. Objectives To analyze and classify the acromion process of human scapulae. Methods The present study was observational, cross-sectional and descriptive in nature. The present study was conducted on 68 adult human scapulae (30 right and 38 left) of unknown age and sex in the Department of Anatomy, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Nepal. The length and breadth of the acromion process and the distances from the tip of the acromion process to the uppermost point of the glenoid cavity and to the tip of the corocoid process were measured with a help of caliper and measuring tape. Results The average length of acromion process on the right and left scapulae were 46.46 ± 5SD mm and 45.57 ± 5.21 SD mm respectively. The average breadth of acromion process of right and left scapulae were 26.63 ± 3.55 SD mm and 27.23 ± 3.06 SD mm respectively. The acromio-coracoid distance on the right and left side were 39.03 + 6.20 mm and 39.39 +5.32 mm respectively. The acromio-glenoid distance was also measured which was 31.83 +3.66 mm & 31.97 +3.96 mm on right and left side respectively. The acromion process was classified in the present study into 3 types, based on the shape as: Triangular - 36.76%, Quadrangular - 52.94% and Tubular - 10.29%. Conclusions Knowing the data on the shape and various distances of acromion may not only help the orthopaedicians during surgical repair around the shoulder joint but also may be of interest to the anthropologists when studying about the evolution of the bipedal gait. The morphometric analysis of the acromion should be used like an auxiliary to promote a better knowledge about the disease that appears in this area. Kathmandu University Medical Journal | Vol.10 | No. 2 | Issue 38 | Apr – June 2012 | Page 33-36 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v10i2.7340

A rare variation in the formation of the lower trunk of the brachial plexus its embryological basis and clinical importance - a case report

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 49-52
Author(s):  
N Satyanarayana ◽  
R Guha ◽  
P Sunitha ◽  
GN Reddy ◽  
G Praveen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Brachial Plexus ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Nerve Roots ◽  
Rare Variation ◽  
Lower Trunk ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
The Right

Brachial plexus is the plexus of nerves, that supplies the upper limb.Variations in the branches of brachial plexus are common but variations in the roots and trunks are very rare. Here, we report one of the such rare variations in the formations of the lower trunk of the brachial plexus in the right upper limb of a male cadaver. In the present case the lower trunk was formed by the union of ventral rami of C7,C8 and T1 nerve roots. The middle trunk was absent. Upper trunk formation was normal. Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal,2011,Vol-6,No-4, 49-52 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v6i4.6727

scholarly journals Factors Influencing Physicians' Clinical Decision-making at Upazila Health Complexes in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 125-133
Author(s):  
M. Aminul Islam ◽  
M. Abdul Awal
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Right ◽  
Consultation Session

ABSTRACT Introduction Selecting the most appropriate treatment for each patient is the key activity in patient-physician encounters and providing healthcare services. Achieving desirable clinical goals mostly depends on making the right decision at the right time in any healthcare setting. But little is known about physicians' clinical decision-making in the primary care setting in Bangladesh. Therefore, this study explored the factors that influence decisions about prescribing medications, ordering pathologic tests, counseling patients, average length of patient visits in a consultation session, and referral of patients to other physicians or hospitals by physicians at Upazila Health Complexes (UHCs) in the country. It also explored the structure of physicians' social networks and their association with the decision-making process. Methods This was a cross-sectional descriptive study that used primary data collected from 85 physicians. The respondents, who work at UHCs in the Rajshahi Division, were selected purposively. The collected data were analyzed with descriptive statistics including frequency, percentage, one-way analysis of variance, and linear regression to understand relationships among the variables. Results The results of the study reveal that multiple factors influence physicians' decisions about prescribing medications, ordering pathologic tests, length of visits, counseling patients, and referring patients to other physicians or hospitals at the UHCs. Most physicians prescribe drugs to their patients, keeping in mind their purchasing capacity. Risk of violence by patients' relatives and better management are the two key factors that influence physicians' referral decisions. The physicians' professional and personal social networks also play an influential role in the decision-making process. It was found that physicians dedicate on average 16.17 minutes to a patient in a consultation session. The length of visits is influenced by various factors including the distance between the physicians' residence and their workplace, their level of education, and the number of colleagues with whom they have regular contact and from whom they can seek help. Conclusion The results of the study have yielded some novel insights about the complexity of physicians' everyday tasks at the UHCs in Bangladesh. The results would be of interest to public health researchers and policy makers.

scholarly journals Study on Curvatures of Clavicle With Its Clinical Importance

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 279-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
M K Haque ◽  
D I Mansur ◽  
K Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Intramedullary Nailing ◽  
Total Curvature ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
First Year ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Human Skeleton ◽  
Left Clavicle ◽  
Lateral Curvature ◽  
The Right

Background The clavicle is the most frequently fractured bone of the human skeleton. 70–80% of fractures occur at the middle third of the shaft of the bone. Anatomical variations in the clavicle of relevance to form intramedullary fixation. Objectives The purpose of this study was attempted to know about comparative differences between curvatures of the right and left clavicles, from certain metrical parameters. Methods The materials for the present study consisted of 257 (135 right and 122 left) adult clavicles, which were collected from the Department of Anatomy and from the students of the first year M.B.B.S during the period 2010 - 2011, Department of Anatomy, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Nepal. The deepest points of the curvatures of the clavicle, where the convexities were the maximum. These angles were measured with the help of a protractor. The sum of the two angles constituted the total curvature of the bone. Results The average medial angle, lateral angle and sum of the two angles of right side were 150.97º ±6.16 SD, 139.76º ±7.55 SD and 290.73º ±11.14 respectively and that of the left side were 151.50º ±5.67SD, 141.73º ±8.44 SD and 293.23º ±11.69SD respectively. The present study revealed that the medial and lateral angles of the left clavicle were greater than that of the right clavicle and medial curvature was more than the lateral curvature of the same clavicle. Conclusions It is important to recognize anatomical variations in the curvatures of clavicle when considering intramedullary nailing techniques. It also helps Anthropologists in their study of evolution.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v9i4.6344 Kathmandu Univ Med J 2011;9(4):279-82

scholarly journals Children with type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: access to special immunobiological and child care

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Carolina Bejo Wolkers ◽  
Marina Sayuri Yakuwa ◽  
Letícia Pancieri ◽  
Clesnan Mendes-Rodrigues ◽  
Maria Cândida de Carvalho Furtado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Child Care ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vaccines For Children ◽  
The Right

Abstract OBJECTIVES Identifying the use of child care situations, the vaccination situation and the reasons for non-vaccination, and characterizing whether mothers/guardians demonstrate notions about the right to special vaccines for children with type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. METHOD A descriptive, cross-sectional study with analysis of quantitative data based on interviews with mothers/guardians, particularly regarding access to childcare and vaccination against influenza and pneumococcal 23-valent (PPSV). RESULTS 47 mothers/guardians participated in the study. The participants reported using more specialized services to follow child health, and only a few used the child care of the basic health care regularly. There were incomplete vaccination schedules, delayed annual follow-ups, missing vaccination cards at the consultations, misinformation about the special character of the vaccination, as well as emphasis on the need of presenting a specific form to obtain the vaccination, resulting in discontinuation of health actions and missed opportunities for vaccination. CONCLUSION Fragilities in child care and immunization actions require an increase of primary health care and of the care network, based on knowledge and the right to health in order to expand the evidence-based practice, access and comprehensiveness.

scholarly journals Structural alterations in deep brain structures in type 1 diabetes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ada Admin ◽  
Pavel Filip ◽  
Antonietta Canna ◽  
Amir Moheet ◽  
Petr Bednarik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Parahippocampal Gyrus ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vascular Disruption ◽  
The Right

Even though well known in type 2 diabetes, the existence of brain changes in type 1 diabetes (T1D) and both their neuroanatomical and clinical features are less well characterized. To fill the void in the current understanding of this disease, we sought to determine the possible neural correlate in long-duration T1D at several levels including macrostructural, microstructural cerebral damage and blood flow alterations. In this cross-sectional study, we compared a cohort of 61 patients with T1D with an average disease duration of 21 years with 54 well-matched non-diabetic controls in a multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocol providing macrostructural metrics (cortical thickness and structural volumes), microstructural measures (T1w/T2w ratio as a marker myelin content, inflammation and oedema), and cerebral blood flow. T1D patients had higher T1w/T2w ratios in the right parahippocampal gyrus, the executive part of both putamina, both thalami and in the cerebellum. These alterations were reflected in lower putaminal and thalamic volume bilaterally. No cerebral blood flow differences between groups were found in any of these structures, suggesting non-vascular aetiologies of these changes. Our findings implicate a marked non-vascular disruption in T1D of several essential neural nodes engaged in both cognitive and motor processing.

scholarly journals Structural alterations in deep brain structures in type 1 diabetes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ada Admin ◽  
Pavel Filip ◽  
Antonietta Canna ◽  
Amir Moheet ◽  
Petr Bednarik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Parahippocampal Gyrus ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vascular Disruption ◽  
The Right

Even though well known in type 2 diabetes, the existence of brain changes in type 1 diabetes (T1D) and both their neuroanatomical and clinical features are less well characterized. To fill the void in the current understanding of this disease, we sought to determine the possible neural correlate in long-duration T1D at several levels including macrostructural, microstructural cerebral damage and blood flow alterations. In this cross-sectional study, we compared a cohort of 61 patients with T1D with an average disease duration of 21 years with 54 well-matched non-diabetic controls in a multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocol providing macrostructural metrics (cortical thickness and structural volumes), microstructural measures (T1w/T2w ratio as a marker myelin content, inflammation and oedema), and cerebral blood flow. T1D patients had higher T1w/T2w ratios in the right parahippocampal gyrus, the executive part of both putamina, both thalami and in the cerebellum. These alterations were reflected in lower putaminal and thalamic volume bilaterally. No cerebral blood flow differences between groups were found in any of these structures, suggesting non-vascular aetiologies of these changes. Our findings implicate a marked non-vascular disruption in T1D of several essential neural nodes engaged in both cognitive and motor processing.

scholarly journals Prevalence of anti-herpes simplex virus type 1 among dental students of Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Iran, 2017-2018: Short Communication

2021 ◽  
pp. 296-301
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Simplex Virus

Herpes simplex virus is considered one of the most common human infections in most parts of the world, among which, herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) is one of the most important human pathogenic viruses that cause numerous skin and oral lesions. Practitioners of the dental profession and related fields are in close contact with numerous patients referring to dental clinics and are at risk of cross-infection. Regarding this, one of the infections that dental professionals are exposed to is herpes simplex virus infection. This study aimed to evaluate the level of HSV1 antibody among dental students of Birjand in 2018-2019. This cross-sectional study was performed on 100 dental students of Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Iran. After obtaining informed consent, a peripheral blood sample (5 ml) was collected from participants and the presence of anti-virus antibody was examined using an Anti-Herpes-1 IgG kit with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. It was revealed that 41% of the subjects had anti-herpes type 1 antibodies. Based on data analysis, the prevalence of HSV1 antibody was higher in pre-clinical and clinical level than in basic science; however, there was no significant relationship between students' educational level and antibody prevalence.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Patients' Satisfaction with Food and Nutrition Service in Selected Hospitals Affiliated to Yazd Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences in 2016-2017

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamadreza Vafaeenasab ◽  
Ahmadreza Motealehi ◽  
Sajjad Bahariniya ◽  
Mehdi Raadabadi ◽  
Masoud Safari
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patients Satisfaction ◽  
Nutrition Services ◽  
Nutrition Service ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
Strongly Agree ◽  
The Right

Background: Food and nutrition services in hospitals are one of the factors effecting patients’ satisfaction. Appropriate management and supervision in the nutrition sector is an essential factor in reducing the costs and gaining patient satisfaction. The optimal performance of the nutrition sector accelerates improvement and can be useful in their satisfaction. The purpose of this study was to evaluate patients’ satisfaction with food and nutrition services in 2016-2017, Yazd, Iran. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The study population included patients referring to the selected hospitals affiliated to Yazd Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences. A researcher-made questionnaire was used for data collection. This questionnaire had 19 questions that should be answered on a 5-point Likert scale (strongly agree, agree, no idea, disagree, and strongly disagree).  At the end of this questionnaire, a question was presented about the individual’s overall satisfaction with nutrition. Results: The average of patients’ satisfaction with food services was 4.40 ± 0.90. The lowest satisfaction rate was related to the inappropriate quality of dinner with an average of 4.02 ± 1.50. The highest level of satisfaction was related to the hygiene of food with an average of 4.69 ± 0.55. Conclusion: Hospital managers are required to take measures to increase the awareness of nutrition service personnel regarding the health and quality of food, their active presence by patients’ beds, give patients the right to choose, and take the necessary supervision to increase the variety of meals.

Successful surgical repair of progressive exophthalmos caused by a meningocele in a patient with neurofibromatosis Type 1

1998 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 1032-1035 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joost de Vries ◽  
Hans Peter M. Freihofer ◽  
Tomas Menovsky ◽  
Johannes R. M. Cruysberg
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Neurofibromatosis Type 1 ◽  
Surgical Repair ◽  
Visual Fields ◽  
Neurofibromatosis Type ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ocular Movements ◽  
Orbital Wall ◽  
The Right

✓ A case of surgical repair of progressive exophthalmos of the right eye in a 43-year-old woman with neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) is presented. Preoperatively, the patient's ocular movements and visual fields were intact. Visual acuity was 20/30 on the right side and 20/20 on the left. Computerized tomography scanning demonstrated complete absence of the superolateral orbital wall on the right side with a large meningocele protruding into the right orbit. Intraoperatively, a new superolateral wall was constructed using the inner table of the left frontal bone as a bone transplant. A free galeoperiosteum flap was used for water-tight dural reconstruction. A few weeks postoperatively the patient's exophthalmos showed remarkable resolution. Her ocular movements, visual acuity, and visual fields remained unchanged. In conclusion, reconstruction of the superolateral wall and repair of a meningocele in a patient with NF1 is worthwhile and can be followed by excellent cosmetic results. More important, the patient's visual functions remain preserved.

Criss-cross heart with supero-inferior ventricles: successful surgical correction of associated defects

1998 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-239
Author(s):  
Sunil K. Kaushal ◽  
Savitri Shrivastava ◽  
Krishna S. Iyer
Keyword(s):  
Unusual Case ◽  
Septal Defect ◽  
Surgical Repair ◽  
Pulmonary Valve ◽  
Surgical Correction ◽  
Absent Pulmonary Valve ◽  
Colour Doppler ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Infundibular Stenosis ◽  
The Right

SummaryWe present an unusual case of criss-cross heart with supero-inferior ventricles, double outlet of the right ventricle, restrictive ventricular septal defect, severe infundibular stenosis and “absent” pulmonary valve who underwent successful surgical repair. Complete preoperative diagnosis was established with cross-sectional echocardiography combined with colour Doppler and angiocardiography, which facilitated successful surgical correction.

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