scholarly journals A prospective study on effectiveness of drotaverine in acceleration of labor

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-141
Author(s):  
Padma Raj Dhungana ◽  
Rajesh Adhikari ◽  
Prem Raj Pageni ◽  
Apsara Koirala ◽  
Anand Nepal
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Drug Administration ◽  
Active Phase ◽  
Delivery Mode ◽  
Normal Delivery ◽  
Group I ◽  
Vacuum Delivery ◽  
Drotaverine Hydrochloride ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii

Background: Labor is a naturally occurring physiological process associated with uterine contractions, effacement, dilatation of cervix and descent of presenting part. Drotaverine hydrochloride is a non-anticholinergic isoquinoline derivative which acts by elevating intracellular cyclic Adenosine Mono Phosphate (cAMP) and cyclic Guanosine Mono Phosphate (cGMP) promoting smooth muscle relaxation. Materials and Method: This was a hospital based prospective study on effectiveness of Drotaverine Hydrochloride on enhancing dilatation of cervix and acceleration of active phase of labor. The sample size was 100. Fifty cases of women in active phase of labor received injection drotaverine hydrochloride 40 mg (group i) and fifty cases of women did not receive any drug (group ii) among those at term with singleton pregnancy and vertex presentation. Variables like maternal age, interval between administration of drug and delivery, mode of delivery, apgar score at 5 minutes, NCU (Neonatal Care Unit) admission and neonatal outcomes were recorded. Data analysis was done with the help of SPSS program. Results: The mean interval between drug administration to delivery in primipara and multipara in group i was 3.05 hours and 2.31 hours while in group ii was 4.5 hours and 3.75 hours respectively. The mean interval between drug administration and delivery was shorter in both groups of multipara. In group i, 96% had normal delivery and 4 % had vacuum delivery and in group ii 90% and 10% had normal delivery and vacuum delivery respectively. None of the participants had caeserian section. There were no perinatal mortalities. Conclusion: The administration of drug Drotaverine Hydrochloride is effective in shortening duration of labor with favorable feto-maternal outcome.  

TO COMPARE THE EFFICACY OF DROTAVERINE HYDROCHLORIDE AND VALETHAMATE BROMIDE IN SHORTENING OF THE FIRST STAGE OF LABOUR AT OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF JLNMCH, BHAGALPUR, BIHAR

2021 ◽  
pp. 80-82
Author(s):  
Archana Jha ◽  
Satyendra Kumar ◽  
[Prof.] Usha Kumari ◽  
Debarshi Jana
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Average Duration ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Active Phase ◽  
Cervical Dilatation ◽  
Group I ◽  
Active Labour ◽  
Drotaverine Hydrochloride ◽  
Group Ii

Background: To compare the efcacy of Drotaverine Hydrochloride and Valethamate Bromide in shortening of the rst stage of Labor. Drotaverine is more effective in regards of shorten the 1st stage of labor, rate of cervical dilatation with less side effects in compare to Valethamate Bromide. Methods:Two Hundred demographically similes woman with full term pregnancy in active labour were included in the study and divided into two groups viz. First Group: 100 women were given injection Drotaverine Hydrochloride (Drotin) 40 mg intramuscularly at 3-4 cm dilation at two hour interval. Second Group: 100 women were given injection Valethamate Bromide Intramuscularly at 3-4 cm dilation at one hour interval. Maximum three injections were given in both the groups. Comparative analysis was carried out as regards to duration of various stages of labor, rate of cervical dilatation, mode of delivery, side effects and feto-maternal outcome. Results: In Group-I Average duration of active phase of rst stage of labor was 149.78 minutes. In Primigravida it was 170.22 minutes and 129.35 minutes in Multigravida. In Group II Average duration of active phase of rst stage of labor was 294.62 minutes. In Primigravida it was 321.71 minutes and 267.54 minutes in Multigravida. Average rate of cervical dilatation in Group-I was 2.81cm/hour. In Primigravida it was 2.50 cm/hour while in Multi gravid it was 3.33cm/hour. In Group-II average rate was 1.42 cm/hour, in Primigravida it was 1.30 cm/hour and in Multigravida1.57 cm/hour. Conclusions: Drotaverine signicantly shorten the duration of rst stage of labor and found to be safe with no adverse effect on the mother and fetus.

Assessment of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients Undergoing Elective Coronary Angiography and Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
ABMM Alam ◽  
M Moniruzzaman ◽  
MB Alam ◽  
N Islam ◽  
F Khatoon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Contrast Media ◽  
Creatinine Level ◽  
Ace Inhibitor ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Coronary Intervention ◽  
Group I ◽  
Percutaneous Coronary ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii

Background: CIN has gained increased attention in the clinical setting, particularly during cardiac intervention but also in many other radiological procedures in which iodinated contrast media are used. There is at present good clinical evidence from well-controlled randomized studies that CIN is a common cause of acute renal dysfunction.Methodology: This was a prospective study conducted among the patients who underwent coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention in the Department of Cardiology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital during January 2010 to December 2010. A total of 111 patients age range from 25 to 75 years were included in the study. Serum creatinine level at baseline and at the end of 48 hours was done in all these patients. Study population was divided into two groups according to development of acute kidney injury (AKI). Group-I = AKI, Group II = Not developed AKI. Results: AKI developed 11.7% of the study patient. DM and Preexisting renal insufficiency were significantly higher in group I patients. HTN was (61.5% Vs 44.9%) higher in group I but not significantly. History of ACE inhibitor/ARB, NSAID intake and LVEF <40% were significantly higher in group I patients. The mean±SD volume of CM (Contrast Media) were 156.9±44.8 ml and 115.4±30.0 ml in group I and group II respectively, which was significant. The mean±SD of serum creatinine after 48-72 hours of CAG/PCI was 1.4±0.37 mg/dl and 1.1±0.2 mg/dl in group I and group II respectively. The serum creatinine level increased significantly (p<0.05) after 48-72 hours of CAG/PCI in group I. In group II, S. creatinine level increased but not significant (p>0.05). Impaired renal function was found 76.9% and 2.0% in group I and group II respectively. DM, HTN, preexisting renal insufficiency, ACE inhibitor/ARB, NSAIDs, contrast volume (>150 ml), eGFR (<60 ml/min/ 1.73m2) and LVEF (<40%) are significantly (p0.05) associated for CIN development.Conclusion: CIN is an iatrogenic but preventable disorder results from the administration of contract media. Although rare in the general population, CIN occurs frequently in patients with underlying renal dysfunction and diabetes. In patients with pre angiographic normal renal function, the prevalence is low but in pre-existing renal impairment it may pose a serious threat. Thus risk factors are synergistic in their ability to predispose to the development of CIN. A careful risk-benefit analysis must always be performed prior to the administration of contrast media to patients at risk for CIN. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cardio.v5i1.12227 Cardiovasc. j. 2012; 5(1): 37-43

Anterior bone cement augmentation in anterior lumbar interbody fusion and percutaneous pedicle screw fixation in patients with osteoporosis

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 525-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyeong Hwan Kim ◽  
Sang-Ho Lee ◽  
Dong Yeob Lee ◽  
Chan Shik Shim ◽  
Dae Hyeon Maeng
Keyword(s):  
Vertebral Body ◽  
Interbody Fusion ◽  
Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion ◽  
Cement Augmentation ◽  
Adjacent Segment ◽  
Lumbar Interbody Fusion ◽  
Group I ◽  
Cage Subsidence ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii

Object The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of anterior polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) cement augmentation in instrumented anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) for patients with osteoporosis. Methods Sixty-two patients with osteoporosis who had undergone single-level instrumented ALIF for spondylolisthesis and were followed for more than 2 years were included in the study. The patients were divided into 2 groups: instrumented ALIF alone (Group I) and instrumented ALIF with anterior PMMA augmentation (Group II). Sixty-one patients were interviewed to evaluate the clinical results, and plain radiographs and 3D CT scans were obtained at the last follow-up in 46 patients. Results The mean degree of cage subsidence was significantly higher in Group I (19.6%) than in Group II (5.2%) (p = 0.001). The mean decrease of vertebral body height at the index level was also significantly higher in Group I (10.7%) than in Group II (3.9%) (p = 0.001). No significant intergroup differences were observed in the incidence of radiographic adjacent-segment degeneration (ASD) or in terms of pain and functional improvement. The incidences of clinical ASD (23% in Group I and 10% in Group II) were not significantly different. There was 1 case of nonunion and 3 cases of screw migration in Group I, but none resulted in implant failure. Conclusions Anterior PMMA augmentation during instrumented ALIF in patients with osteoporosis was useful to prevent cage subsidence and vertebral body collapse. In addition, PMMA augmentation did not increase the nonunion rate and incidence of ASD.

Genoprotective role of vitamin E and selenium in rabbits anaesthetized with sevoflurane

2004 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 413-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cetin Kaymak ◽  
Ela Kadioglu ◽  
Hulya Basar ◽  
Semra Sardas
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Comet Assay ◽  
Antioxidant Supplementation ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Sevoflurane Anaesthesia ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii

In this study, genotoxic effects of repeated sevoflurane anaesthesia were investigated in rabbits with or without antioxidant supplementation. Twenty-one New Zealand male rabbits were included in the study and randomized into three groups as: placebo treated (Group I), vitamin E supplemented (Group II) and selenium supplemented (Group III). Vitamin E and selenium were given intraperitoneally for 15 days before anaesthesia treatment. Anaesthesia was administered using 3% sevoflurane in 4 L/min oxygen for a 3-hour period and continued for 3 days. Blood samples were collected before anaesthesia (Sample 1), after the first, second and third days of sevoflurane administration (Sample 2, Sample 3 and Sample 4 respectively) and the last samples were taken 5 days after the last sevoflurane administration (Sample 5). Genotoxic damage was examined using the comet assay. The degree of damage is assessed by grading the cells into three categories of no migration (NM), low migration (LM) and high migration (HM) depending on the fraction of DNA pulled out into the tail under the influence of the electric field. The number of comets in each sample was calculated (1 × number of comets in category NM + 2 × number of comets in category LM + 3 ×number of comets in category HM) and expressed as the total comet score (TCS), which summarizes the damage frequencies. In Group I, a significant increase in the mean TCSs was observed for Samples 3 and 4 as compared with Sample 1. However, there were no significant differences between Samples 1, 2 and 5. The mean TCS of Sample 4 was significantly higher than Sample 1, 2 and 3 in Group II. Group III demonstrated no significant mean TCSs for any experimental conditions. Statistical differences were also observed between the groups with significant P values. This experimental study points out the presence of DNA damage with repeated sevoflurane anaesthesia and the genoprotective role of antioxidant supplementation on DNA damage in mononuclear leukocytes of rabbits by highly sensitive comet assay.

Bone mineral density and spongiosa architecture in correlation to vertebral body insufficiency fractures

1998 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 538-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Andresen ◽  
S. Radmer ◽  
D. Banzer
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Vertebral Body ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Insufficiency Fractures ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii

Objective: the clinical value of spinal quantitative CT (sQCT) and the structural patterns of the vertebral bone were studied Material and Methods: sQCT was performed on 246 patients with a mean age of 57 years for whom conventional lateral radiographies of the thoracic and lumbar spine were available. All patients were suffering from back pain of unknown etiology. the bone mineral density (BMD) of the midvertebral section of 3 lumbar vertebral bodies was determined by means of single-energy-(SE)-weighted QCT (85 kV). Spongiosa architecture and density profile analyses were made in the axial images. This was contrasted to BMD values ascertained in SE QCT. the mean BMD was compared to the number of fractures and the patients were divided into three groups: group I — no fracture; group II — one fracture; and group III 1 fracture Results: the mean BMD was: 134.3 (74.1–187.5) mg hydroxyapatite (HA)/ml in group I; 79.6 (58.6–114.3) mg HA/ml in group II; and 52.4 (13.1–79.1)mg HA/ml in group III. A significant deterioration in spongiosa structure was found with increasing demineralization: strongly rarefied patterns predominated in the fracture groups II and III Conclusion: sQCT provides a good risk assessment of the occurrence of vertebral body insufficiency fractures

Seasonal variations in wool growth and heat tolerance of sheep. I. Wool growth

1960 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Wodzicka
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Seasonal Rhythm ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Wool Growth ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Difference

The monthly wool growth of three groups of rams was studied at Beltsville, Maryland. Group I received natural daylight (at 38° 53' N.) and was shorn monthly. Group II had a 7:17 hours of daylight to hours of darkness rhythm and was shorn every 6 months, once in winter and once in summer. Group III received natural daylight and was likewise shorn every 6 months. The rams of all groups produced more wool in summer than in winter. This difference was significant (P<0.001). The mean body weight and food intake were both greater in the winter months, which indicated that the seasonal rhythm of wool growth was not a consequence of poorer feeding in winter. The rams which were shorn monthly (group I) grew considerably more wool than the other two groups, but the difference was not statistically significant. The short-day treatment of group II did not increase the annual wool production nor decrease the seasonal rhythm of wool growth. The balance of evidence from this and other experiments indicates that temperature rather than light controls the seasonal rhythm of wool growth.

Compare the Incidence of Surgical Site Infection after Appendectomy Wound Irrigation with Normal Saline and Imipenem Solutions

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 2184-2186
Author(s):  
Ahmad Shah ◽  
Nazeer Ahmad Sasoli ◽  
Farrukh Sami
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Wound Infection ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Abscess Formation ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Wound Irrigation ◽  
Group I ◽  
Perforated Appendix ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii

Objective: To compare the incidence of surgical site infection after appendectomy wound irrigation with regular saline solution and imipenem solution. Study Design: Comparative randomized control trial Place and Duration of Study: Department of Surgery Unit-1, Sandeman Provincial Hospital Quetta from 1st September 2020 to 30th April 2021. Methodology: Eighty patients of both genders were presented in this study. Patients detailed demographics age, sex and body mass index were recorded after taking informed written consent. Patients underwent for appendectomy wound irrigation were included. Patients were equally divided into two equal groups, I and II. Group I had 40 patients and received imipenem and group II irrigated with saline solution with 40 patients. Outcomes were surgical site infection, deep abscess formation was observed post-operatively. Results: The mean age of the patients in group I was 26.11±2.03 years with mean BMI 23.61±3.32 kg/m2 and in group II mean age was 25.14±3.12 years with mean BMI 22.14±4.88 kg/m2. In group I, 32 (80%) patients had inflamed appendix, perforated appendix was in 7 (17.5%) and gangrenous appendix in 1 (2.5%) while in group II inflamed appendix in 34 (85%), perforated appendix in 4 (10%) and gangrenous appendix 2 (5%). Surgical site infection in group I was 3 (7.5%) and abscess formation in 2 (5%) cases while in group II SSI in 6 (15%) and abscess formation in 3 (7.5%) cases. Conclusion: Imipenem irrigation after appendectomy reduces wound infection. Healthcare costs and patient suffering due to infection can be reduced. Keywords: Imipenem solution, Wound irrigation with saline, Appendectomy wound infection

Immersive and Non-Immersive Virtual Reality Distraction on Pain Perception to Intraoral Injections

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 389-394
Author(s):  
Supriya Kumari ◽  
Rachana Bahuguna ◽  
Nishita Garg ◽  
Ramakrishna Yeluri
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Immersive Virtual Reality ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of immersive VR (IVR) and non-immersive VR (NIVR) distraction on perceived pain during intraoral injections in children undergoing dental procedures. The objective was to introduce 3-dimensional nature of virtual reality during the provoking phase of dental treatment as a means of distraction in children. Study design: A total of 200 children were selected for the study, 100 for IVR group and 100 for NIVR group. After randomization, children were introduced to Oculus Go Standalone equipment; MCDAS (f), VAS, WBFRS and the treatment procedure using tell show do technique. Group I children were introduced to oculus go standalone headset with hand held controller to play temple run or roller coaster game while in group II, children watched cartoon movies of their choice. Pre-operative & post-operative MCDAS scores were obtained using MCDAS (f) questionnaire in local language. Post-operatively, VAS and WBFRS scores were also obtained. The data was analyzed using independent t-test and chi-square analysis. Results: Pre-operatively, the mean MCDAS scores were similar in both the groups viz. Group–I (29.20 ± 3.197) and Group–II (29.09 ± 3.803) and is statistically not significant. Post-operatively, the mean MCDAS scores were higher in non-immersive group (20.72 ± 2.822) as compared to immersive group (10.99 ± 2.227). VAS score was higher in non-immersive group (2.72 ± 0.99) as compared to immersive group (0.75 ± 0.88). WBFRS scores were higher in non-immersive group (2.78 ± 1.097) as compared to immersive group (0.82 ± 1.104). Conclusion: Three-dimensional virtual reality was found to be an effective means of distraction in children undergoing dental procedures and especially during the provoking phase. The significant difference obtained clearly indicates irrespective of immersiveness of virtual reality, anxiety had been decreased and on comparison the pain perception to intraoral injection is less in immersive virtual reality environment. Immersive VR distraction technique can serve as an adjunct to traditional behavior management strategies already available to the pediatric dentist.

scholarly journals Prolonged QTc Dispersion Correlates with Coronary Artery Disease in Acute ST Elevated Myocardial Infarction (STEMI)

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
NI Sharafat ◽  
M Khalequzzaman ◽  
M Akhtaruzzaman ◽  
AK Choudhury ◽  
S Hasem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Qt Dispersion ◽  
Qtc Dispersion ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Vessel Score ◽  
Vessel Involvement

Background: It has been found that there is strong association of QT dispersion and QT dispersion ratio with extent and severity of coronary artery disease. Qualitative importance of QTc dispersion on the base line ECG in patients with MI is recognized clinically but quantification of this phenomenon is less commonly used in clinical practice, which might be a better independent risk predictor of this group of patients. Methods: A total of 100 patients were selected, Study populations sub-divided into two groups on the basis of QTc dispersion. In group I (comparison group): QTc dispersion is <60 milliseconds (msec) in group II (study group) : QTc dispersion e”60milliseconds(msec). 50 patients in each group. QT dispersion was calculated on standard resting 12 lead ECGs. QT interval was measured from the beginning of the inscription of the QRS complex to the point at which the T wave returned to the isoelectric line. Angiographic severity of coronary artery disease was assessed by- Vessel score, Friesinger score and Leaman score. Interpretation of coronary angiogram was reviewed by at least two cardiologists. . Results: The mean vessel score for group I patients was 1.16±0.68 and that of group II patients was 2.30±0.64 and the mean difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). Patients those had single vessel involvement had mean QTc dispersion 57.05, patients those had double vessel disease mean QTc dispersion was 102.00 and patients those had triple vessel involvement had mean QTc dispersion 177.60. There was a strong positive correlation with the QTc dispersion and increasing number of vessel involvement (Pearson’s correlation coefficient). The mean Friesinger score for group I patients was 4.84±2.56 and that of group II patients was 9.80±2.60. The mean difference was significantly (p<0.05) higher in group II patients. There was a strong positive correlation between the QTc dispersion and Leaman score (Pearson’s correlation coefficient). In group I patients 56% had insignificant coronary artery disease and 44% had significant coronary artery disease defined by Friesinger index (n=100). In group II patients 6% had Insignificant coronary artery disease & had 94% significant coronary artery disease. Conclusion: QTc dispersion>60 ms had independent predictive value for the severity of coronary artery disease. The greater the QTc dispersion the higher the number of coronary artery involvement. We observed that there is a positive correlation between prolonged QT dispersion and coronary artery disease severity in terms of Vessel score, Friesinger score, Leaman score. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cardio.v5i2.14322 Cardiovasc. j. 2013; 5(2): 173-181

scholarly journals The Effects of Long-Term Administration of Sodium Nedocromil on Bronchial Hypereactivity

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 119-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Ilonidis ◽  
G. Anogianakis ◽  
CH. Trakatelli ◽  
A. Anogeianaki ◽  
M. Chomatidis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Asthma ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Bronchial Hyperreactivity ◽  
Methacholine Challenge ◽  
Intrinsic Asthma ◽  
Group I ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii

The effect of long-term treatment with sodium nedocromil on airway hypereactivity was investigated in two groups of 20 patients each. Group I patients presented with allergic asthma while Group II patients presented with intrinsic asthma. For each subject of the two groups, the base FEV1 was measured and nebulized methacholine was administrated in consecutively higher concentrations until a decrease in FEV1 of >20 % was observed. Following measurement, all patients included in the study were treated with 12 mg of sodium nedocromil per day for 12 months. At the end of the treatment, bronchial hyperreactivity was evaluated for a second time by administering the same dosage of methacholine that originally produced a decline in FEV1 of >20 %. In Group I patients (allergic asthma) mean FEV1 was 3126 ml, before challenge, while after methacholine challenge FEV1 was 2400ml. Following 1-year of sodium nedocromil administration the FEV1 was 2601ml (P<0.05). Before treatment, the mean fall in FEV1, following methacholine challenge, was 23.67% while following a 1-year-long sodium nedocromil administration this value reduced to 15.70% (P<0.05). Correspondingly, PC20 was 5.59 while after sodium nedocromil administration it increased to 11.66 (P<0.05). In Group II patients (intrinsic asthma) mean FEV1 was 2750 ml, before challenge, while after methacholine challenge FEV1 was 2066ml. Following 1-year of sodium nedocromil administration the FEV1 was 2223ml (P<0.05). Before treatment, the mean fall in FEV1, following methacholine challenge, was 27.65 % while following a 1-year-long sodium nedocromil administration this value reduced to 21.92 % (P<0.05). Correspondingly, PC20 was 5.91 while after sodium nedocromil administration it increased to 6.19 (P<0.05). The results suggest a positive effect of long-term sodium nedocromil administration in bronchial hyperreactivity for both groups of patients.

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