Morphological variations in the basioccipital region of the South Indian skull

Background: The craniovertebral junction is a transitional region of spine that exhibits extensive structural variability. Variations of basiocciput are of interest for anatomists and clinicians because they produce clinical symptoms or lead to misinterpretations of radiological images.Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 202 dry human skull bone (12 occipital bone and crania 190) belonging to south Indian population for variations of basiocciput over a period of six years.Results: Prevalence of hyperostotic variants was significantly higher than hypostotic variants in present study. Most common type observed was of precondylar tubercle (2.48%) followed by fossa navicularis (1.49). The prevalence of other variations such as prebasioccipital arch, third occipital condyle, exostosis and basioccipital cleft was similar (0.5%) in the study population.Conclusions: These cranio-vertebral anomalies will be useful not only to anatomists, radiologists and surgeons while dealing with base of the skull and basiocciput in particular but also to study anthropological significance and may guide the future researchers in comparative human anatomy.Nepal Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.3(2) 2014: 124-128

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Assessing Renal Function Using Cockcroft-Gault and Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Equations in Healthy South Indian Males – A pilot study

Asian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3126/ajms.v2i3.5337 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 185-189

Author(s):

Rajeshwari Shastry ◽

Prabha MR Adhikari ◽

Sheetal D Ullal ◽

Ashok K Shenoy

Keyword(s):

Renal Function ◽

Indian Population ◽

Severe Renal Impairment ◽

South Indian Population ◽

Test Results ◽

Medical Sciences ◽

Mdrd Equation ◽

South Indian ◽

Indian Men ◽

Student’S T

Objective: To compare the estimated GFR (eGFR) calculated by CG and MDRD formulae and to study the correlation between body mass index (BMI) and eGFR in healthy South Indian men. Material & Methods: Healthy male volunteers were enrolled. eGFR was estimated by CG and MDRD equation and categorized as normal, mild, moderate, severe renal impairment and renal failure. Estimated clearance by these two methods was compared using paired student’s t test. Correlations were performed with pearson’s correlation test. Results: A total of 491 subjects were enrolled. Mean (±SD) eGFR was 91.05 (± 15.04) and 86.43 (± 13.61) by CG and MDRD equations respectively; this difference though statistically significant (p=0.01), was clinically insignificant. A reduced renal function (<90ml/min) was found in 50.9% and 63.1% of population by CG and MDRD formulae respectively. BMI positively correlated with CG-GFR (r=0.471, p<0.001), and negatively correlated with MDRD-GFR (r=-0.268, p<0.001). Serum creatinine positively correlated with BMI (r=0.19, p<0.001). Conclusion: The normal eGFR seems to be lower in the South Indian population compared to the western standards. CG and MDRD formulae may need to be validated before these can be applied for staging of kidney function in a healthy Indian population. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v2i3.5337 Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 2 (2011) 185-189

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MORPHOLOGICAL VARIATIONS OF SPLEEN: A CADAVERIC STUDY IN SOUTH INDIAN POPULATION

International Journal of Anatomy and Research ◽

10.16965/ijar.2017.506 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (1.2) ◽

pp. 4914-4919

Author(s):

Umarani S ◽

◽

Sivaraj R ◽

Ananthi V ◽

Muniappan V ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Indian Population ◽

Cadaveric Study ◽

South Indian Population ◽

Morphological Variations ◽

South Indian

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A Cross Sectional Study of the Position of Appendix in South Indian Population, Comparison with Western Population, and Its Diagnostic Dilemma

Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare ◽

10.18410/jebmh/2021/399 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (25) ◽

pp. 2127-2131

Author(s):

Balamurugan Chidambaram ◽

Vinoth Rajasekaran ◽

Vasanth Malaiyaperumal Selvam ◽

Giridharan Shanmugam

Keyword(s):

Tamil Nadu ◽

Indian Population ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

South Indian Population ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Old Patients ◽

Western Population ◽

South Indian

BACKGROUND Appendicitis is a common clinical condition but sometimes diagnosis is delayed when appendix is found at a rare location. The present study was conducted to find out various clinical presentations of appendicitis, to evaluate its various positions in South Indian population and compare the same with western population. METHODS The cross-sectional study was conducted among a total of 1000 patients (631 males and 369 females) taken from Government Stanley Medical College and Hospital, Tamil Nadu, India, from 2018 to 2019 with an age range of 18 to > 60 years of both sexes. The clinical symptoms were recorded, demographic details were collected. RESULTS The present study included 631 (63.1%) male and 369 (36.9%) female patients including the age category 18 to > 60 years old patients. The anatomical locations of the appendix which were as follows: retrocecal in 860 individuals (86%), pelvic in 110 patients (11%), postileal in 10 (10%), preileal in 10 (10%), subhepatic in 8 individuals (0.8%), paracolic and subcaecal in 1 person respectively (0.1%). In our study, the mean distribution of gender by age in the study population was 157.75 males and 92.25 females. Length of appendix > 119 mm was found in total individuals (32.9%) i.e., maximum than other studies. These results showed an extreme statistically significant P value. CONCLUSIONS The present study successfully compared south Indian population with western population. The clinical symptoms were recorded, details of demography, age and sex were collected successfully. KEYWORDS Anatomical Locations, Appendix, Appendectomy, South Indian, Western Population

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Association of A1538G and C2437T single nucleotide polymorphisms in heat shock protein-70 genes with diabetic nephropathy among South Indian population

Bioscience Reports ◽

10.1042/bsr20160605 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 37 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Umapathy Dhamodharan ◽

Krishnamoorthy Ezhilarasi ◽

Balashanmugam Ponjayanthi ◽

Dornadula Sireesh ◽

Kunka Mohanram Ramkumar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetic Nephropathy ◽

Heat Shock ◽

Indian Population ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Control Group ◽

South Indian Population ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Single Nucleotide ◽

South Indian ◽

Stage Renal Disease

Diabetic Nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease, characterized by progressive albuminuria and conferring additional risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality. The crucial role of heat-shock proteins (HSPs) on renal function in patients with DN has been well documented. The present study was aimed to understand the association of HSP-70 gene variants on the susceptibility of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and DN. A total of 946 subjects (549 Males; 397 Females) were recruited and divided into four groups according to the levels of urinary albumin excretion (UAE): those with normoalbuminuria (UAE <30 mg/24 h; n=230), those with microalbuminuria (30≤ UAE ≤300 mg/24 h; n=230), and those with macroalbuminuria (UAE> 300 mg/24 h; n=230). The control group randomly enrolled a consecutive population of 256 healthy subjects who had a routine medical check-up in our hospital. Those subjects had no history or clinical symptoms of diabetes. Subjects were genotyped for HSP70-2 (+1538 A/G; rs2763979) and HSP70-hom (+2437 C/T; rs2227956) by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). The ‘G’ allele of HSP70-2 (+1538 A/G) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) showed relative risk for normoalbuminuria, microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria subjects whereas the ‘T’ allele of HSP70-hom (+2437 C/T) SNP showed significant protection against macroalbuminuria subjects. In conclusion, our results indicate that the HSP70-2 (+1538 A/G) and HSP70-hom (+2437 C/T) SNPs are highly associated with renal complications in T2DM among the South Indian population.

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The styloid process: Morphological variations in South Indian population

Indian Journal of Otology ◽

10.4103/0971-7749.152855 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 25

Author(s):

RoopashriRajesh Kashyap ◽

RajeshShanker Kashyap ◽

Raghavendra Kini ◽

Vathsala Naik

Keyword(s):

Indian Population ◽

Styloid Process ◽

South Indian Population ◽

Morphological Variations ◽

South Indian

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Knowledge and Awareness of Parents About Universal Immunisation Program and Optional Vaccines in South Indian Population

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research ◽

10.31838/ijpr/2020.sp2.067 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (sp2) ◽

Keyword(s):

Indian Population ◽

South Indian Population ◽

South Indian

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Morphometric Study of Distal End of Humerus Bone in South Indian Population

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research ◽

10.31838/ijpr/2020.12.01.353 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (01) ◽

Keyword(s):

Indian Population ◽

Morphometric Study ◽

South Indian Population ◽

South Indian

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TP53 codon 72 polymorphism and type 2 diabetes: a case–control study in South Indian population

Molecular Biology Reports ◽

10.1007/s11033-021-06505-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Harshitha K. Punja ◽

Dechamma Pandyanda Nanjappa ◽

Nishith Babu ◽

Krithika Kalladka ◽

B. Shanti Priya Dias ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Indian Population ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

South Indian Population ◽

Codon 72 ◽

South Indian ◽

Codon 72 Polymorphism ◽

Tp53 Codon 72 Polymorphism ◽

Control Study

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Prevalence of the additional head of quadriceps femoris in the South Indian population: a cadaveric and radiological study

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-95374-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Femina Sam ◽

Madhavi Kandagaddala ◽

Ivan James Prithishkumar ◽

Koyeli Mary Mahata ◽

Mahasampath Gowri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Indian Population ◽

Vastus Lateralis ◽

Femoral Nerve ◽

Quadriceps Femoris ◽

Lower Limbs ◽

South Indian Population ◽

The South ◽

South Indian ◽

Circumflex Femoral Artery ◽

Vastus Intermedius

AbstractQuadriceps femoris is an extensor muscle in the anterior compartment of thigh and is traditionally taught to be composed of four heads. Recently, there is an increased interest in the occurrence of an additional muscle head of quadriceps femoris. But scientific knowledge regarding its incidence is lacking in the South Indian population. This study was done to confirm the presence of the additional head by routine anatomic dissection and radiological imaging techniques. Forty-one formalin fixed human cadaveric lower limbs were dissected and the morphology of the additional head was noted. Retrospective analysis of 88 MRI images of patients was done. The additional muscle head was present in 43.9% of the cadaveric lower limbs and was consistently located between the vastus lateralis and vastus intermedius. It originated from variable portions of the greater trochanter, intertrochanteric line, lateral lip of linea aspera and lateral surface of the shaft of femur and inserted either as a muscle belly or as an aponeurosis into the vastus intermedius (55.6%), vastus lateralis (22.2%) or directly into the base of the patella. It received its vascular supply from branches of the lateral circumflex femoral artery and was innervated by branches from the posterior division of the femoral nerve. In addition, the additional muscle head was identified by MRI and its incidence was reported to be 30.68% for the first time in living subjects. The result of this study provides additional information in understanding the morphology of the quadriceps femoris muscle.

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