scholarly journals Retinoblastoma Extending up to the Optic Chiasma and Presenting as a Suprasellar Mass

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 64-67
Author(s):  
Himanshu Mishra ◽  
Amit Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Complete Evaluation ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Optic Chiasma ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Cross Sectional Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Funduscopic Examination ◽  
The Right

Retinoblastoma is the most common ocular malignancy of childhood. It is present in childhood with leukocoria and strabismus. Most patients are diagnosed under 3 years of age. Funduscopic examination can reveal an intraocular mass, but imaging is essential for complete evaluation of the lesion. Although ultrasound is a non-invasive and relatively inexpensive screening tool, cross-sectional imaging is required to assess the involvement of optic nerve and intracranial spread. We report a case of retinoblastoma in a 5 year old male child who presented with headache diminution of vision in both eyes. Contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed an enhancing soft tissue mass in the right eye with involvement of optic nerve and optic chiasma and contiguous with a large suprasellar mass causing hydrocephalus. Non-contrast computed tomography (CT) showed extensive calcifications in the mass lesion.

scholarly journals Incidental Monotypic (Fat-Poor) Renal Angiomyolipoma Diagnosed by Core Needle Biopsy

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verena Kufer ◽  
Siegfried A. Schwab ◽  
Maike Büttner ◽  
Abbas Agaimy ◽  
Michael Uder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Core Needle Biopsy ◽  
Needle Biopsy ◽  
Renal Tumors ◽  
Renal Lesion ◽  
Renal Angiomyolipoma ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Core Needle ◽  
Cross Sectional Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
The Right

We present the case of a 55-year-old patient with a history of chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation because of acute myeloid leukaemia. An incidental 4 × 3 cm measuring renal mass was detected while performing a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for lumbago. The lesion was suspected to be either a renal cell carcinoma (RCC) or a leukemic infiltration. To decide about further treatment a percutaneous core needle biopsy was performed. Histology showed a monotypic angiomyolipoma, a relatively rare benign renal lesion. Interestingly, in cross-sectional imaging, angiomyolipoma was not taken into differential diagnostic account because of lack of a fatty component. Due to bleeding after biopsy the feeding artery of the tumor was occluded by microcoils. This case demonstrates the utility of biopsy of renal tumors, in particular when small tumor-like lesions are incidentally detected to decide about the right treatment and thereby avoiding nephrectomy.

Systemic arteriopulmonary venous fistula (APVF): case presentation of an asymptomatic individual and a review of the literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. e241644
Author(s):  
Paul Jenkins ◽  
Prageeth Dissanayake ◽  
Richard Riordan
Keyword(s):  
Chest Radiograph ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Incidental Finding ◽  
Chest Radiographs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Arterial Circulation ◽  
Cross Sectional Imaging ◽  
Venous Fistula ◽  
The Right

Abnormal communications between the systemic and pulmonary venous systems are rare but can present as a opacity on chest radiograph. A solitary vessel communicating as a fistula directly between the systemic arterial circulation and the pulmonary venous system is not widely described. These may have significant implications in the long-term cardiovascular health of an individual acting as a left to right shunt. There is no clear consensus as to the management, but surgical management and endovascular embolisation have been successfully used. We present a case where a systemic arteriaopulmonary fistula originating from the abdominal aorta and connecting to the right inferior pulmonary vein manifested as an incidental finding on a chest radiograph and was further evaluated on cross-sectional imaging in a young patient. Chest radiographs are non-specific and it is important to be aware of the less frequent but important pathologies that can be picked up on plain chest radiographs, which inturn should warrant further investigation. This is presented in conjunction with a review of the available literature along with a discussion regarding the differential diagnosis and management applicable to the general clinician.

Case 9.28

2014 ◽  
pp. 476-477
Author(s):  
Christine U. Lee ◽  
James F. Glockner
Keyword(s):  
Small Bowel ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
New Era ◽  
True Incidence ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Cross Sectional Imaging ◽  
Sectional Imaging ◽  
The Right ◽  
Left Abdomen

11-year-old boy with suspected IBD Coronal SSFSE images (Figure 9.28.1) demonstrate abnormal orientation of large and small bowel, with small bowel in the right abdomen and colon in the left abdomen. Malrotation Classic thinking regarding malrotation holds that most cases are detected within the first few months of life. However, in the new era of cross-sectional imaging for everyone, more and more adults with asymptomatic malrotations are noted and the true incidence is not entirely certain. Estimates in the literature range from 1 in 6,000 to 1 in 200 live births. Autopsy studies suggest that some form of malrotation exists in 0.5% to 1% of the population....

Imaging

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Laureno
Keyword(s):  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Mri Scans ◽  
Cross Sectional Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Cellular Pathology ◽  
Brain And Spinal Cord ◽  
The Brain

This chapter on “Imaging” examines the relative advantages and disadvantages of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. It compares the modalities to each other and to gross neuropathology. For several decades, neurologists have been able to view cross-sectional images of living patients. Analogous to gross neuropathology, cross-sectional imaging displays the brain as an entire organ but does not demonstrate microscopic tissue or cellular pathology. By allowing practitioners to view sections of brain and spinal cord in vivo, imaging has improved neurologic practice and facilitated clinical research. This chapter deals with imaging topics that are important to the neurologist. The timing of scans, the effects of gravity, and the importance of plane of section are considered. Imaging is compared to gross neuropathology, and MRI is compared to CT.

scholarly journals Spontaneous resolution of optic pit maculopathy: an OCT report

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 251584142095084
Author(s):  
Massimo Lorusso ◽  
Roberta Zito ◽  
Luisa Micelli Ferrari ◽  
Eleni Nikolopoulou ◽  
Maria Vittoria Cicinelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Optic Nerve Head ◽  
Posterior Vitreous Detachment ◽  
Spontaneous Resolution ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Severe Visual Loss ◽  
Complete Restoration ◽  
The Right ◽  
Sd Oct

The separation of the vitreous from the optic nerve head and the macula plays a primary role in the spontaneous resolution of optic disc pit (ODP) maculopathy. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) helps in the non-invasive monitoring of this condition, when treated conservatively. The aim of this report was to describe a pediatric case of spontaneously resolved ODP maculopathy, managed conservatively and monitored by means of spectral domain (SD)-OCT. A 14-year-old girl presented with severe visual loss in the right eye (RE). Fundus examination demonstrated a temporal ODP with altered foveal reflex. The SD-OCT B-scans revealed severe intraretinal schisis-like changes, broad vitreal adhesion in the optic nerve head area, posterior hyaloid thickening, and vitreal entrapment in the premacular space. The patient was managed conservatively. Spontaneous resolution of ODP maculopathy took place over 3 months, with vision improved up to 1.0 (Snellen charts). The macular schisis progressively resolved after posterior vitreous detachment. In conclusion, in our report, a complete restoration of the foveal anatomy was achieved without any surgical intervention. This OCT-based report confirms the role of the vitreomacular abnormalities in the pathogenesis of the disease.

Sectional anatomy of the ventricular septal defect in double outlet right ventricle—correlation of magnetic resonance images from autopsied hearts with anatomic sections

1993 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi-Joon Yoo ◽  
Siew Yen Ho ◽  
Philip J. Kilner ◽  
Jeong-Wook Seo ◽  
Robert H. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Ventricular Septal Defect ◽  
Right Ventricle ◽  
Septal Defect ◽  
Double Outlet Right Ventricle ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Posterior Limb ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Cross Sectional Imaging ◽  
The Right

AbstractA ventricular septal defect is, almost always, an integral part of double outlet right ventricle and has been classified into the subaortic, subpulmonary, doubly committed and non-committed varieties. This study was performed to correlate the cross-sectional imaging characteristics of such ventricular septal defect in double outlet right ventricles using pathological specimens. The extent and the orientation of the outlet septum were the most important in the differentiation of the four varieties of ventricular septal defect. In the subaortic variety, the outlet septum fused with the left anterior margin of the defect, this being marked by the anterior limb of the septomarginal trabeculation. In the subpulmonary variety, the outlet septum fused with the right posterior margin of the defect, this being the posterior limb of the septomarginal trabeculation. The outlet septum was vestigial in case with doubly committed defects. In those with non-committed defects, the defect was not shown in those images or sections which demonstrated the outlet septum.

scholarly journals Study of Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter in Normal Nepalese Adults Using Ultrasound

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 357-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bidur KC ◽  
Amit Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Optic Nerve Sheath ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Nerve Sheath ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: Though invasive intracranial devices are gold standard to calculate intracranial pressure (ICP); these are not without any complications. Non-invasive measurement of ICP by Ultrasonography could be a safe and portable technique.Objectives: The objective of the study was to measure and compare values of optic nerve sheath diameter of both eyes in healthy Nepalese adults.Methodology: A prospective cross-sectional study of healthy adult Nepalese volunteers was performed using a 7.5 MHz linear Ultrasound probe on the closed eyelids; optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) was measured 3 mm behind the globe in each eye.Results: Optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) of both eyes was measured in 100 healthy volunteers of age ranged from 15 to 75 years with a mean of 30.21 ± 14.05 years. There were 18 (18%) male and 82 (82%) female. ONSD for right eye ranged from 3.20 to 4.90 mm with mean of 4.10 ± 0.50 mm and left eye from 3.20 to 4.80 mm with mean of 4.22 ± 0.49 mm. P value for right and left eye ONSD (P = 0.06) and male and female (P = 0.12 and 0.85 for right and left ONSD respectively) were within normal limits. ONSD has no correlation with age (P = 0.27 and 0.27 for right and left ONSD respectively).Conclusion Mean of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) is 4.10mm and 4.22 mm for right and left eye respectively. There is no statistical significant difference in mean of ONSD between right and left eye. BJHS 2018;3(1)5 : 357-360

scholarly journals Retroperitoneal lymphangiectasia: a great clinical masquerade

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 748
Author(s):  
Siddhant Uttam Manwar ◽  
Manisha Vishnu Joshi ◽  
Devdas Sudhakar Shetty ◽  
Upendra Diwakar Bhalerao
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Colour Doppler ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Imaging ◽  
Anatomical Extent ◽  
Sectional Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Ct And Mri

Retroperitoneal lymphangiectasia is a very rare lymphatic disorder characterized by abnormal proliferation of lymphatics. We present series of 3 cases of retroperitoneal lymphangiectasia which are diagnosed in our institute with the help of Ultrasonography (USG), Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of abdomen and pelvis with unusual clinical presentation. We include clinical features and imaging findings of this disorder with its pathogenesis and diagnosis. Two of the cases were clinically masquerading as hernia and one case was mimicking varicocele. Thorough clinical examination and USG, colour Doppler, CT and MRI are extremely helpful imaging investigation that aid in differentiating these lesions from hernia/ varicocele and the cross sectional imaging like CT and MRI can  depict the anatomical extent of the disease.

scholarly journals Sinonasal Chondrosarcoma, an Unusual Location

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oumniya Abouhanine ◽  
Aicha Merzem ◽  
Vianney Ndayishimiye ◽  
Omar Amriss ◽  
Hasnaa Belgadir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hard Palate ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Long Bones ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Extension Work ◽  
Cross Sectional Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Left Maxillary Sinus ◽  
Work Up

Introduction: Chondrosarcoma is a tumour with a cartilaginous matrix frequently encountered in long bones and the pelvis with rare sinonasal location. Patient and methods: We report the case of a 25-year-old patient who was referred to us for an extension work-up for sinonasal chondrosarcoma confirmed by anatomopathological examination. Results: Facial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed by a CT scan showed an osteolytic tumour process of the hard palate and walls of the left maxillary sinus that was locally advanced. Conclusion: The sinonasal location of a chondrosarcoma is rare. Characterized by cross-sectional imaging, confirmation was provided by histological assessment.

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