Pattern of Alcohol Use and its Effects in Relation to the Age of Initiation of Alcohol Use among the Residents of Jhaukhel Area of Bhaktapur District

Over the past few decades, alcohol consumption has increased in quantity and frequency. Several studies have suggested that people who start drinking at younger age have an increased risk of alcohol use disorder. This study was carried out to assess the pattern of alcohol consumption in relation to the age of initiation of alcohol use among the residents of Jhaukhel area of Bhaktapur district. A cross sectional descriptive survey was conducted in Jhaukhel area of Bhaktapur district among the permanent residents aged 15 years and above through a purposive sampling technique using a pre tested self-constructed proforma. Assessment of alcohol use, harmful/ hazardous drinking and alcohol dependence was done using an AUDIT questionnaire as a tool. Chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test were applied and ‘p’ value was calculated to see the association between age of onset of alcohol use and the alcohol use pattern and effects. The level of significance was set at 5%, and ‘p’ value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. A total of 190 respondents were interviewed. Mean age of the respondents was 41.25 ± 16.4 years while mean age of initiation of alcohol consumption was 20 ± 4.3 years and 31 (30.4 %) of drinkers initiated alcohol consumption before legal drinking age (18 years). This was more among males (36.5%) than females (14.3%), (p-value: 0.03, OR: 3.4, 95%CI: 1-11) Initiating alcohol consumption early in life before 18 years was strongly associated with binge drinking pattern (P value: <0.001, OR: 9.5, 95%CI: 2.7-33.3). Those who initiate drinking before 18 years were more likely to suffer from alcohol related medical problems compared to those who initiated drinking after 18 years (OR: 6.63, 95% CI: 2.3-19.3, P value: 0.001). Parental consumption of alcohol was found to be associated with the early initiation of alcohol use (OR: 2.7, 95%CI: 1.01-6.96, P value: 0.03). Early initiation of alcohol consumption before legal drinking age was not only a predictor for binge drinking and alcohol dependence, but also a risk factor for alcohol related medical problem, accidents and self-inflicted injuries. Hence this is a serious issue which needs to be addressed at the individual, family as well as community level.

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Association between Metabolic Syndrome and Alcohol Consumption: A Cross-sectional Study

Journal of Health Science and Medical Research ◽

10.31584/jhsmr.2020771 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Kochakorn Trisrivirat ◽

Kanokporn Pinyopornpanish ◽

Wichuda Jiraporncharoen ◽

Lalita Chutarattanakul ◽

Chaisiri Angkurawaranon

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Heavy Drinking ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Drinking Patterns ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk

Objective: To determine the association between metabolic syndrome and alcohol consumption, including drinking patterns and risk of harm. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 400 participants recruited from the Outpatient Unit of the Family Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University. Physical examination and blood tests were carried out to evaluate the presence of metabolic syndrome. The drinking patterns were stratified into four levels, which were abstinence, occasional drinking, light–moderate drinking, and heavy drinking (>40 gm/day). The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test was used to evaluate the risk of harm from alcohol consumption. Results: The percentage of current drinkers was 27.3%, and most of them were men (87.2%). Waist circumference, triglyceride levels, and diastolic blood pressure were significantly higher among those with a heavy drinking habit and harmful alcohol use/dependence. High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) showed different results. A J-shaped association was found between HDL-C and drinking pattern, but an inverse relationship was indicated with the risk of harm. Metabolic syndrome was found to be significantly associated with heavy drinking (OR=4.4, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.2–15.6, p-value 0.021) and the harmful use/dependent categories (OR=5.0, 95% CI 1.1–23.1, p-value 0.039). Conclusion: The results suggest that alcohol drinking tends to be associated with an increased risk of metabolic syndrome. This condition should be screened regularly especially in those with heavy drinking or at-risk drinking habits.

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A systematic review and meta-analysis uncovering the relationship between alcohol consumption and sickness absence. When type of design, data, and sickness absence make a difference

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0262458 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. e0262458

Author(s):

Neda S. Hashemi ◽

Jens Christoffer Skogen ◽

Aleksandra Sevic ◽

Mikkel Magnus Thørrisen ◽

Silje Lill Rimstad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Sickness Absence ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Strong Relationship ◽

Short Term ◽

Design Data ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk

Aim Earlier research has revealed a strong relationship between alcohol use and sickness absence. The aim of this review was to explore and uncover this relationship by looking at differences in type of design (cross-sectional vs. longitudinal), type of data (self-reported vs. registered data), and type of sickness absence (long-term vs. short term). Method Six databases were searched through June 2020. Observational and experimental studies from 1980 to 2020, in English or Scandinavian languages reporting the results of the association between alcohol consumption and sickness absence among working population were included. Quality assessment, and statistical analysis focusing on differences in the likelihood of sickness absence on subgroup levels were performed on each association, not on each study. Differences in the likelihood of sickness absence were analyzed by means of meta-analysis. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42018112078. Results Fifty-nine studies (58% longitudinal) including 439,209 employees (min. 43, max. 77,746) from 15 countries were included. Most associations indicating positive and statistically significant results were based on longitudinal data (70%) and confirmed the strong/causal relationship between alcohol use and sickness absence. The meta-analysis included eight studies (ten samples). The increased risk for sickness absence was likely to be found in cross-sectional studies (OR: 8.28, 95% CI: 6.33–10.81), studies using self-reported absence data (OR: 5.16, 95% CI: 3.16–8.45), and those reporting short-term sickness absence (OR: 4.84, 95% CI: 2.73–8.60). Conclusion This review supports, but also challenges earlier evidence on the association between alcohol use and sickness absence. Certain types of design, data, and types of sickness absence may produce large effects. Hence, to investigate the actual association between alcohol and sickness absence, research should produce and review longitudinal designed studies using registry data and do subgroup analyses that cover and explain variability of this association.

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Alcohol Consumption among Freshman College Students in Spain: Individual and Pooled Analyses of Three Cross-Sectional Surveys (2005, 2012 and 2016)

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18052548 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (5) ◽

pp. 2548

Author(s):

Alicia Busto Miramontes ◽

Lucía Moure-Rodríguez ◽

Narmeen Mallah ◽

Ainara Díaz-Geada ◽

Montserrat Corral ◽

...

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Parental Education ◽

Age Of Onset ◽

Heavy Episodic Drinking ◽

Prevalence Rates ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Positive Expectancies

Objective: We aimed to evaluate changes in the prevalence of Heavy Episodic Drinking (HED) and Risky Consumption (RC) in freshman college students between 2005, 2012 and 2016; and to identify the explanatory variables of these patterns of consumption using individual and pooled analyses. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 5260 students was carried out in Spain in 2005, 2012 and 2016. HED and RC were determined using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. Another questionnaire was used to measure parental education level and alcohol use, alcohol-related problems, age of onset of alcohol use and alcohol-related expectancies. Adjusted Odds Ratios (ORs) of RC and HED and their 95% Confidence Intervals were estimated using logistic regression. Results: An increase in the prevalence rates of HED and RC was observed among women during the three-study periods, nonetheless there was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence rates among men. High maternal educational level, living away from parental home, initiating drinking before the age of 15 and having positive expectancies about drinking are associated with higher prevalence of RC in both genders. High positive expectancies and early onset of alcohol use are associated with higher rates of HED among men and women. Students recruited in 2012 and 2016 are protected against RC in comparison to those recruited in 2005. Conclusions: The age of alcohol consumption onset is the most influencing factor on HED and RC for both genders in the three-study periods. Alcohol prevention campaigns targeting youth at early ages can reduce risky drinking behaviors.

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Association between alcohol consumption/alcohol use disorders and patient complexity: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-034665 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. e034665

Author(s):

Yoshifumi Sugiyama ◽

Masato Matsushima ◽

Hisashi Yoshimoto

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Sex Education ◽

Alcohol Use Disorders ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Assessment Method ◽

P Value ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Patient Complexity

ObjectivesThe objective was to clarify the relationship between alcohol consumption/alcohol use disorders and patient complexity.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingA clinic located on a remote island in Okinawa, Japan, providing general outpatient practices and round-the-clock emergency services.ParticipantsPatients who lived on the island, visited Tarama Clinic from 1 April 2018 to 30 June 2018, were aged ≥20 years and had decision-making capacity were judged to be eligible for this study.Main outcome measuresAlcohol consumption/alcohol use disorders as measured by the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and patient complexity as scored by the Patient Centered Assessment Method (PCAM).ResultsDuring the 3-month study period, 355 patients (163 women and 192 men) with mean (SD) age of 66.4 (13.6) years were included. Multiple regression analysis of PCAM scores showed that, after adjusting for age, sex, education, occupation, physical activity, smoking, annual medical expenses and number of family members living with the patient, AUDIT scores classified as ‘dependence likely’ were associated with PCAM scores (p value=0.040).ConclusionsAlcohol consumption and alcohol use disorders classified as dependence likely are associated with patient complexity.

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We Need to Delay the Age of Onset of Alcohol Consumption

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17082739 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (8) ◽

pp. 2739

Author(s):

Lucía Moure-Rodríguez ◽

Francisco Caamano-Isorna

Keyword(s):

Gender Differences ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Age Of Onset ◽

Adult Population ◽

Alcohol Use Disorders ◽

Adult Life ◽

Well Being ◽

Drinking Patterns ◽

Increased Risk

In recent years, new consumption patterns, such as binge drinking, have increased among young people and have not always been recognized as problematic either by health personnel or by society in general, as they are intensive episodes, interspersed with no consumption periods. Although the prevalence of alcohol use disorders in the adult population continues to be higher in men than in women, these gender differences in relation to alcohol consumption are barely observed in adolescents between 14 and 18. Therefore, we are witnessing a change in the pattern of consumption, from regular to episodic, and an attenuation of gender differences. New patterns of alcohol consumption have not only been associated with an increased risk of alcohol use disorders in adult life, but also with neurocognitive involvement in youth. Understanding the risk and resilience factors of alcoholism or problematic drinking patterns will not only allow us to identify the most vulnerable group, but also to guide prevention programs towards protective factors; the skills that contribute to the natural abandonment of the pattern. Knowing the variables involved in the trajectories of abandonment and dependency would contribute to personalizing the interventions and increasing their efficacy and success—a lower relapse rate—, reducing the economic and socio-sanitary costs associated with alcohol dependency, as well as improving the health and well-being, family relations, work and social status of alcohol-dependent people.

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Influence of Peers Drinking and Parental Drinking and Attitudes on Adolescent Drinking

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.02.195 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. s304-s305

Author(s):

N. Smaoui ◽

N. Charfi ◽

M. Turki ◽

M. Maâlej-Bouali ◽

L. Zouari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Drinking Behavior ◽

Critical Role ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Randomized Sampling ◽

Adolescent Drinking ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Competing Interest

IntroductionIt is widely recognized that parents and peers play a critical role in the adolescent's introduction to alcohol.ObjectivesThe aim of the study was to examine the relationship of parental and peers drinking to adolescent drinking behavior.MethodsA cross-sectional study was carried out in four colleges and schools in Sfax in Tunisia, in May and June 2016. The sample consisted of 317 pupils, and was determined through a simple randomized sampling. These adolescents were asked to answer a self-administered questionnaire, after their consent. Alcohol use disorders identification test (AUDIT) was used to evaluate alcohol dependence.ResultsThe mean age was 16 years, with a sex-ratio of 1.07. The participants reported having drunk alcohol at least once in 18.9% of cases and 41.66% of them still consume. According to AUDIT, 1.6% of alcohol users presented an alcohol misuse and 21.6% presented dependence. They reported that parents’ attitude toward their alcohol use was favorable in 27.11% of cases. Among dependent adolescents, the prevalence of fathers’ alcohol consumption was 20% while that of friends was 70%. Adolescent drinking was significantly correlated to fathers, mothers and peers drinking (P < 0.001, P = 0.004, P < 0.001 respectively), mothers and peers smoking (P = 0.05, P < 0.001 respectively), fathers and peer's cannabis use (P < 0.001, P < 0.001 respectively).ConclusionFindings suggest that negative family and peers influence increased risk of alcohol consumption in adolescents. Understanding the influences on parents’ beliefs about their children's drinking and the functions of social networks in preventing alcohol consumption may be necessary to address adolescent risky drinking.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Prevalence and factors associated with alcohol use among pregnant adolescents

Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem ◽

10.1590/s0104-11692013000100020 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 433-441 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Lorena Uchôa Portela Veloso ◽

Claudete Ferreira de Souza Monteiro

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

World Health ◽

Pregnant Adolescents ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Health Organization

AIM: to identify alcohol use and the associated factors in pregnant adolescents of the municipality of Teresina-PI. METHOD: this is cross-sectional study with 256 pregnant adolescents whose data were obtained through questionnaires covering socioeconomic, pregnancy and alcohol consumption characteristics and through the application of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, an instrument developed by the World Health Organization for screening for the excessive use of alcohol. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test and odds ratio. RESULTS: the study indicates a prevalence of 32.4% for alcohol use during pregnancy in adolescents. Of these, 36.1% had scores consistent with risky use. The factors associated with an increased risk of alcohol use during pregnancy are: not having a partner, living on less than 1 minimum wage, not being religious, performing up to 3 prenatal consultations, having suffered violence and alcohol use in previous pregnancies. CONCLUSION: a high prevalence of alcohol consumption by pregnant adolescents and various risk factors involved in this process were identified. These data reflect the need for the use, by nurses, of screening technologies for alcohol consumption during pregnancy and health promotion strategies among groups of adolescents.

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Retrospective Hair Cortisol Concentrations from Pretreatment to Early Recovery in Alcohol Use Disorder

Alcohol and Alcoholism ◽

10.1093/alcalc/agaa127 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Julianne L Price ◽

Sara Jo Nixon

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Alcohol Use Disorder ◽

Distal Segment ◽

Interactive Effects ◽

Hair Cortisol ◽

Early Recovery ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Hair Samples

Abstract Cortisol profiles are known to vary across phases of alcohol use disorder (AUD; e.g. chronic use, withdrawal and early/sustained recovery). These patterns have largely been established through between-subjects contrasts. Using a segmental hair cortisol concentrations (HCC) approach, retrospective longitudinal analyses are feasible. Here, we examine monthly cortisol secretion in treatment-seekers with AUD from alcohol use to abstinence. At ~6 weeks of recovery we collected hair samples from individuals with moderate-to-severe AUD. We examined HCC from three consecutive segments; proximal to the scalp representing the most recent month (sustained abstinence from alcohol), the midsegment representing the previous month in which abstinence was attained, and the distal segment representing 2 months prior during active drinking. Analyses examined main and interactive effects of segment and sex, controlling for monthly alcohol consumption. Best fit by a quadratic shape, within-subject change was significant (F1,15 = 5.27, P = 0.04, ηpartial2 = 0.26). The distal and midsegments did not differ from one another (P = 0.51). The proximal segment was significantly lower than both the distal (M∆ = 0.200, P = 0.004) and mid (M∆ = 0.175, P < 0.001) segments. An effect of sex approached significance suggesting women had modestly higher HCC than men (MWOMEN = 1.37 vs. MMEN = 1.02, P = 0.10). Consistent with previous cross-sectional reports, these data confirm nonlinear patterns of cortisol accumulation with elevations apparent during periods of alcohol consumption and a decrease in abstinence. Capturing these within-subject patterns via HCC trajectories may serve as a valuable resource in identifying profiles associated with increased risk and post-treatment outcomes.

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Alcohol Use Disorder among Patients Suffered from Road Collisions in a Vietnamese Delta Province

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16132423 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (13) ◽

pp. 2423 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Hai Minh Vu ◽

Tung Thanh Tran ◽

Giang Thu Vu ◽

Cuong Tat Nguyen ◽

Chau Minh Nguyen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Drinking Behavior ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Problematic Drinking ◽

Current Context ◽

Educational Campaign ◽

Causes Of Deaths ◽

The Relationship

Traffic collisions have continuously been ranked amongst the top causes of deaths in Vietnam. In particular, drinking has been recognized as a major factor amplifying the likelihood of traffic collisions in various settings. This study aims to examine the relationship between alcohol use and traffic collisions in the current context of Vietnam. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 413 traffic collisions patients in six health facilities in the Thai Binh Province to investigate the level of alcohol consumption and identify factors influencing alcohol use among these patients. The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption (AUDIT-C) scale was used to determine the problematic drinking behavior of the participants. The percentage of patients having problematic drinking was more than 30%. Being male, having a high household income, and working as farmer/worker were risk factors for alcohol abuse. People causing accidents and patients with a traumatic brain injury had a higher likelihood of drinking alcohol before the accidents. This study highlights the necessity of more stringent laws on reducing drink-driving in Vietnam. In addition, more interventions, especially those utilizing mass media like educational campaign of good behavior on social networks, are necessary to reduce alcohol consumption in targeted populations in order to decrease the prevalence and burden of road injuries.

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The Association between Dating Apps and Alcohol Consumption in an Italian Sample of Active Users, Former Users, and Non-Users

Social Sciences ◽

10.3390/socsci10070249 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 249

Author(s):

Luca Flesia ◽

Valentina Fietta ◽

Carlo Foresta ◽

Merylin Monaro

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Ad Hoc ◽

Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Dating Apps ◽

Regular Consumption ◽

And Gender ◽

The Relationship

To date, the relationship between alcohol use and dating app use has been investigated mostly in conjunction with sexual activities and in homosexual men. For this reason, the aim of this study was to explore the association between dating app use and alcohol consumption among the general population. A cross-sectional study was conducted including app users, non-users, and former users: 1278 respondents completed an online ad hoc questionnaire assessing dating app use, motivations for installing dating apps, alcohol use, and demographics. Multiple logistic regression analysis was run to investigate the association between dating app use, demographic features, and alcohol consumption. Whereas educational level, age, and gender significantly contributed to the regular consumption of alcohol, dating app use did not account for a significant amount of variance between regular and not regular drinkers. However, people who installed and used dating apps with the motivation of searching for sexual partners were more likely to be regular drinkers. Among the active users, heavy app users were less likely to drink regularly. The study indicates that underlying factors (sexual aspects, motives for using the apps) and the intensity of using the apps may mediate the relationship between dating app use and alcohol use.

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