scholarly journals Progressive Pathological Changes in Sub-clinical Experimental Para-tuberculosis in Goats

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 69-84
Author(s):  
U.M. Singh ◽  
B.N. Tripathi ◽  
O.P. Paliwal
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Post Infection ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Mesenteric Fat ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Subsp Paratuberculosis ◽  
Histopathological Studies ◽  
Mucosal Thickening

An experiment was carried out to study the development of sequential histological lesions and efficacy of certain diagnostic tests in experimentally induced subclinical paratuberculosis infection in goats. Twelve goats of 8-12 weeks age were infected with 4.23 x 109 Mycobacterium avium subsp. Paratuberculosis on 8 occasions. Eight goats were kept as in-contact controls and 4 as uninfected controls. Diagnostic tests, gross and histopathological studies were carried out at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months post-infection. Two goats were positive in the AGID test at 12MPI. Three goats, one at 9 MPI and two at 12 MPI were positive in faecal culture. Tissue PCR detected one goat positive each at 9 and 12 MPI. Six (50%) of 12 infected goats had gross and histological lesions. Marked enlargements of the mesenteric lymph nodes were observed in the early stages (3 and 6 months post infection) of infection. Mucosal thickening and corrugation of the jejunal and ileal mucosae, enlargement and oedema of the mesenteric lymph nodes, dilatation of lymphatics and gelatinisation of mesenteric fat were observed in goats euthanised at 9 and 12 MPI. Histological lesions consisting of flat and broad villi with mild infiltration of lymphocytes and macrophages in the intestinal villi and crypts were common at 3 MPI and 6 MPI. Focal infiltration of macrophages in Peyer's patches and giant cells were found in the mesenteric lymph nodes at 6 MPI. Broadened villi and increased infiltration of lymphocytes and macrophages with Langhan's giant cells were observed in the villi and crypts at 9 MPI and 12 MPI goats. Acid-fast bacilli were detected in 3 goats, one each at 6, 9 and 12 MPI.

Ultrastructural studies of bovine paratuberculosis (Johne's Disease)

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
T Batbayar ◽  
S Andrei ◽  
Ch Tungalag
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Subsp ◽  
Epithelioid Cells ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Agricultural Sciences ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Subsp Paratuberculosis

In the present study, we report the ultrastructural morphologic features of infected macrophages, epithelioid cells, Langhans' giant cells and a more detailed impression of the interaction between macrophages and engulfed bacteria in ileum and mesenteric lymph nodes of cows naturally infected with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP).Mongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol.15(2) 2015; 61-65 

scholarly journals Localization of Glucagon-Like Peptide-2 Receptor Expression in the Mouse

Endocrinology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 160 (8) ◽  
pp. 1950-1963 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardo Yusta ◽  
Dianne Matthews ◽  
Jacqueline A Koehler ◽  
Gemma Pujadas ◽  
Kiran Deep Kaur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Cellular Localization ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Enteric Neurons ◽  
Lacz Expression ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Mesenteric Fat ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide

Abstract Glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2), secreted from enteroendocrine cells, attenuates gut motility, enhances barrier function, and augments nutrient absorption, actions mediated by a single GLP-2 receptor (GLP-2R). Despite extensive analyses, the precise distribution and cellular localization of GLP-2R expression remains controversial, confounded by the lack of suitable GLP-2R antisera. Here, we reassessed murine Glp2r expression using regular and real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR), in situ hybridization (ISH), and a Glp2rLacZ reporter mouse. Glp2r mRNA expression was detected from the stomach to the rectum and most abundant in the jejunum. Glp2r transcripts were also detected in cerebral cortex, mesenteric lymph nodes, gallbladder, urinary bladder, and mesenteric fat. Surprisingly, Glp2r mRNA was found in testis by qPCR at levels similar to jejunum. However, the testis Glp2r transcripts, detected by different primer pairs and qPCR, lacked 5′ mRNA coding sequences, and only a minute proportion of them corresponded to full-length Glp2r mRNA. Within the gut, Glp2r-driven LacZ expression was localized to enteric neurons and lamina propria stromal cells, findings confirmed by ISH analysis of the endogenous Glp2r mRNA. Unexpectedly, vascular Glp2rLacZ expression was localized to mesenteric veins and not arteries. Moreover, mesenteric fat Glp2rLacZ expression was detected within blood vessels and not adipocytes. Reporter LacZ expression was not detected in all tissues expressing an endogenous Glp2r transcript, such as gallbladder, urinary bladder, and mesenteric lymph nodes. Collectively, these findings extend our understanding of the cellular domains of Glp2r expression and highlight limitations inherent in application of commonly used technologies to infer analysis of gene expression.

scholarly journals Epizootic Disseminated Toxoplasmosis in Captive Slender-tailed Meerkats (Suricata suricatta)

1997 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Juan-Sallés ◽  
N. Prats ◽  
S. López ◽  
M. Domingo ◽  
A. J. Marco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Suricata Suricatta ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Clinicopathologic Findings ◽  
Foamy Macrophages

Fatal disseminated toxoplasmosis was diagnosed in seven captive slender-tailed meerkats ( Suricata suricatta) according to clinicopathologic findings and immunohistochemistry. Five of nine meerkats died during an outbreak in late 1994. These included four kits (2.5 to 4.5 months old) and a 4-year-old meerkat. Two other meerkats, both adults, died in 1992 and 1995. Respiratory insufficiency (4/7) and incoordination (3/7) were the most consistent clinical signs, although two of seven meerkats died unexpectedly. At necropsy, the lungs were reddened and noncollapsed (6/7), and had multiple pale round foci (4/7). Yellow foci of necrosis in mesenteric lymph nodes (4/7), splenomegaly (3/7), and hydropericardium (3/7) were other common gross findings. Microscopically, interstitial pneumonia was present in all seven meerkats, being acute to subacute in six of them. Type 2 pneumocyte hyperplasia, aggregates of foamy macrophages, and giant cells were consistently seen. Multifocal to locally extensive necrosis of mesenteric lymph nodes (4/7), mild to severe multifocal necrotizing hepatitis (5/6), and mild nonsuppurative encephalitis (4/6) were also seen. Toxoplasma-like organisms were consistently associated with these lesions and were stained by the avidin biotin peroxidase procedure with an antiserum that does not cross-react with Neospora caninum. Meerkats were most likely infected after an oral, primary exposure to Toxoplasma. Several observations indicate that meerkats may be highly susceptible to toxoplasmosis.

scholarly journals Incidence of Mycobacterium avium Subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) Infection in slaughtered buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) of Malwa Region of Madhya Pradesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. P. Jatav ◽  
U. K. Garg ◽  
Supriya Shukla ◽  
Daljeet Chhabra ◽  
A. K. Jayraw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium ◽  
Bubalus Bubalis ◽  
Madhya Pradesh ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Subsp ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Gross Lesions ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Subsp Paratuberculosis ◽  
Infection Study

The study was undertaken to assess the incidence of subclinical and clinical paratuberculosis in slaughtered buffaloes of Malwa region of Madhya Pradesh. They were unproductive buffaloes (1- 10 years old) slaughtered in Mhow and Indore examined for subclinical and clinical Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) infection. Study of gross lesions of intestine and respective mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) showed overall 87.33% (131/150) incidence of paratuberculosis. Out of these 131 cases of paratuberculosis, 18.21% (24/131) buffaloes suffered from subclinical and 81.68% (107/131) from clinical paratuberculosis, whereas impression smear examination revealed clinical and subclinical paratuberculosis up to 25.77 and 74.33% in intestine and 13.51 and 86.49% in MLNs, respectively.

scholarly journals Infection and pathological lesions of lymph nodes induced by Linguatula serrata nymphs in one-humped camels in Iran

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 529 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. TAVASSOLI ◽  
R. HOBBENAGHI ◽  
A. KARGOZARI ◽  
H. REZAEIA
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Granulomatous Reaction ◽  
Linguatula Serrata ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Zoonotic Parasite ◽  
Macroscopic Examination ◽  
Very High

Linguatula serrata (Pentastomida: Linguatulidae) known tong-worm is a cosmopolitan, zoonotic, and obligate endoparasite. The parasite lives in the nasopharyngeal region of the final hosts, which primarily include dogs and other carnivores. Various herbivores, including, camels serve as the best intermediate hosts for nymph stages. In present study the mesenteric lymph nodes of 101camels were examined for infection to L. serrata macroscopically and histopathologically. The infected and normal lymph nodes were processed for histopathology. The results indicated that out of 101 sampled 33 (32.67%) were infected. Macroscopic examination revealed that the infected lymph nodes are swollen and dark, with rubbery consistency, some with subcapsular hemorrhage on cutting. Extensive hemorrhage occurred in various parts of infected lymph nodes. A section of L. serrata parasite was observed near one of the hemorrhage centers. Neutrophil count was very high in these centers and giant cells were present around the parasite, indicating granulomatous reaction. Our findings confirmed that different regions of Iran is an endemic for L. serrata infections. Because L. serrata is a zoonotic parasite, preventive measures should be adopted to disrupt the parasite’s life cycle and minimize the risk of infection in both humans and other animals.

scholarly journals Peritoneal Tuberculosis in an Immunocompetent, Unknown Risk Patient

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Yutaka Tomizawa ◽  
Emmanuelle B. Yecies ◽  
Fiona E. Craig ◽  
Adam Sohnen
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Oral Intake ◽  
Excisional Biopsy ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Peritoneal Tuberculosis ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Significant Past Medical History ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Bowel Movements ◽  
Night Sweats

A 36-year-old man with no significant past medical history presented with two-month abdominal distention, night sweats, and weight loss of 15 Ib. He had no known exposure to tuberculosis. PPD test was negative prior to the hospital admission. Physical examination was notable for new onset ascites, but no superficial lymphadenopathy or stigmata of chronic liver disease was found. CT scan demonstrated enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes, and prominent retroperitoneal lymph nodes along with moderate ascites and omental infiltration. Diagnostic paracentesis yielded WBC of 295/mm3, lymphocytic predominance (70%), and serum ascitic albumin gradient of 0.1, consistent with exudate. Both the ascitic culture and AFB smear were negative, and ascitic cytology revealed nonmalignant cells. Exploratory laparoscopy for excisional biopsy of mesenteric lymph nodes was performed. Pathologic findings revealed caseous granulomas with scattered multinucleated giant cells. Mesenteric lymph node tissue culture subsequently grewMycobacterium tuberculosiscomplex and the diagnosis of peritoneal tuberculosis was confirmed. The patient was started on quadruple therapy. A couple of days after the antibiotics were started, the small bowel obstruction started to resolve with resumption of bowel movements and tolerance of oral intake. A week later, ascites stopped accumulating and fever was no longer noted. He has been well and continues to be under observation.

Granulomatous inflammation duringHeligmosomoides polygyrusprimary infections in FVB mice

2004 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Cywińska ◽  
K. Czumińska ◽  
A. Schollenberger
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Post Infection ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Granulomatous Inflammation ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Intraepithelial Lymphocytes ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Worm Expulsion

AbstractHost responses to primary infections withHeligmosomoides polygyruswere studied in fast responding FVB mice (H-2q). Pathological changes in the intestinal mucosa, mesenteric lymph nodes and spleen were examined. Features of the fast response were typical: low effectiveness of infection and limiting of parasite survival and egg production, with worm expulsion occurring about 60 days post-infection. The intestinal inflammatory response involved infiltration by different cells into the intestinal mucosa and granulomata formation. As is typical for intestinal nematode infection enteropathy, decreased villus:crypt ratio and hyperplasia of goblet and Paneth cells were also present. Reactions of the intestinal mucosa, mesenteric lymph nodes and spleen increased over time post-infection and after worm expulsion. Enteropathy may help worm expulsion by creating an unfavourable environment forH. polygyrus. The implications of these findings and the potential role of intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes in the pathogenesis of generated lesions are discussed.

scholarly journals Paratuberculosis: new histopathological findings in red deer (Cervus elaphus) and fallow deer (Dama dama) in Chile

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
pp. 749-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esteban Reyes Lobão-Tello ◽  
Enrique Paredes Herbach ◽  
María José Navarrete-Talloni
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Fallow Deer ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Intestinal Lesions ◽  
Individual Variations ◽  
Gross Lesions ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Subsp Paratuberculosis

ABSTRACT: Paratuberculosis is a disease caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) that affects domestic and wild ruminants. The most common gross lesions are emaciation and corrugation and thickening of the mucosa of the small intestine. Mesenteric lymph nodes might be enlarged. For the present study, 14 red deer and 9 fallow deer from game reserves or venison farms were analyzed. The lesions found correspond to those found by other authors in other geographic locations, except for some differences in histopathological examinations. Among these differences, stands out that intestinal lesions were concentrated mostly in the ileum and granulomas were shown to be more frequent in this section of the intestine than in the corresponding lymph node. Furthermore, in multibacillary lesions the inflammatory infiltrate in the lymph nodes was mainly composed of macrophages. These differences may be due to individual variations of the animals, the stage of disease or a different strain of the pathogen. This study allowed to obtain basic information about the disease and to describe patterns of lesions found in red deer and fallow deer with prediagnosis of clinical paratuberculosis which were not described in the literature before.

scholarly journals Effects of aspirin on mesenteric lymph nodes of rabbits as basis for its use on lymph nodes metastases

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 795-801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Peduti Batista ◽  
Rafael Denadai ◽  
Rogério Saad-Hossne
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Foreign Body ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Germinal Centers ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Extensive Necrosis ◽  
Lymph Nodes Metastases

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of aspirin 10% and 20% on mesenteric lymph nodes of rabbits as basis for its use on lymph nodes metastases. METHODS: A total of 20 lymph nodes from 20 rabbits (randomized in four groups) were evaluated. Aspirin solutions 10% (groups A and C) and 20% (groups B and D) were injected into mesenteric lymph nodes of healthy rabbits and had its gross and histological effects evaluated at 24 hours (groups A and B) and at seven days (groups C and D). RESULTS: In the groups A and B evaluated at 24 hours it was observed extensive necrosis and hemorrhage, a significant increase in apoptosis throughout the lymph node with medullary sinuses enlargement and an increase in germinal centers. In the groups C and D evaluated at seven days of solution injection there was also an increase in apoptosis with higher elevation of histiocytes and a significant decrease of necrosis and an increase of giant cells was noticed causing a foreign body chronic inflammation. In all comparisons, there were no differences between the concentrations used (10 and 20%). CONCLUSIONS: The injection of aspirin on lymph nodes caused necrosis and an increase of apoptosis after 24 hours and after seven days of treatment there was regeneration of the lymph nodes, with intense decrease of necrosis and a great elevation of apoptosis. These experimental results support future clinical studies on application of aspirin in the treatment of lymphatic metastases, since the increase of apoptosis is one of the pillars of cancer therapy.

scholarly journals Pathomorphological characteristic of immune organs for circovirus infection of piglets

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (83) ◽  
pp. 150-155
Author(s):  
G. Kotsyumbas ◽  
M. Shkil
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
White Pulp ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Immune Organs ◽  
Vascular Walls ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Pulp Cells ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin

The article elucidates the results of pathoanatomical and histological searches of peripheral immune organs for circovirus infection of piglets. In one of the farms of Transcarpathian region among the pigs of 3–4 months of age were found clinically ill animals, blood was taken, serum test was performed and circiiros was diagnosed. The pathoanatomical autopsy of 12 corpses of piglets was done. During the autopsy of corpses macroscopic changes were studied and samples of mesenteric lymph nodes and spleen were taken, which were fixed in 10% neutral formalin, dehydrated in alcohols of increasing concentration, followed by sealing and filling with paraffin. From paraffin blocks, histological cuts were made, stained with hematoxylin and eosin, using the Van Gizon method. Light microscopy and photographing were performed using a Leica DM-2500 (Switzerland) microscope and Leica DFC450C cameras and the Leica Application Suite Version 4.4 software. For macroscopic examination, in all cases, hyperplasia of the spleen and serous-hemorrhagic lymphadenitis have been established. For histological examination of mesenteric lymph nodes in sick piglets  with cirrhosis against a background of severe congestive hyperemia, diapedeous hemorrhages, exudation, there was a sharp decrease in the number of lymphocytes in the lymph nodes, activation of reticuloendothelial cells, transformation of them into epithelioid and formation of giant cells. The detection of polycarocytes in the lymph nodes of sick piglets on the circus is a morphological confirmation of the cytopathic effect of the virus. The histological search of the spleen of pigs for circovirus infection on the background of blood filling, edema of trabeculae, plasma permeation of vascular walls was marked by an intensive decrease in the number of white pulp cells, as evidenced by a sharp decrease in the lymph nodes themselves. The revealed histostructural changes indicated a depletion of the spleen, suppression of its generative function, and an immunosuppressive state of one of the organs of immunogenesis.

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