scholarly journals Detection of Morphometric Differentiation of Liza aurata (Pisces: Mugilidae) in Southeastern of the Caspian Sea, Iran

Our Nature ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kohestan-Eskandari ◽  
H. AnvariFar ◽  
H. Mousavi-Sabet
Keyword(s):  
Caspian Sea ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Morphometric Measurements ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Liza Aurata ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Management And Conservation

A 13-landmark morphometric truss network system was used for 135 specimens to investigate the hypothesis differentiation of golden grey mullet along the southeastern Caspian Sea. Univariate analysis of variance showed significant differences among the means of the three groups for 35 standardized morphometric measurements out of 78 characters studied. In linear discriminant function analysis (DFA), the overall assignment of individuals into their original groups was 66.7%. The proportions of individuals correctly classified into their original groups were 62.5%, 59.1%, 76.5% in Neka, Behshahr and Galogah populations, respectively. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) showed that the specimens grouped into 2 areas with high degree of overlap. Clustering analysis based on Euclidean square distances among the studied groups of centroids using an UPGMA resulted segregation of the three populations into two distinct clusters. These results could be of interest for management and conservation programs of this species in the Caspian Sea.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/on.v11i2.9595 Our Nature 2013, 11(2): 126-157

Two new species of lizards from the Liolaemus lineomaculatus section (Squamata: Iguania: Liolaemidae) from southern Patagonia

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 3120 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIA FLORENCIA BREITMAN ◽  
MICAELA PARRA ◽  
CRISTIAN HERNÁN FULVIO PÉREZ ◽  
JACK WALTER SITES, JR.
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Southern Patagonia ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Genetic Characters

Two new species of the lineomaculatus clade of the Liolaemus lineomaculatus section are described from southern Patagonia in Argentina. Liolaemus morandae sp. nov. is found in S Chubut province and Liolaemus avilae sp. nov. inhabits NW Santa Cruz province. Several tests were performed to diagnose these new species as distinct lineages. Univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA), principal component analysis (PCA), discriminant function analysis (DFA), non-parametric multivariate analysis of variance (NPMANOVA), as well as a genetic characterization through molecular analysis of variance (AMOVA) were performed; genetic distances between described and these new species are reported. The new Liolaemus species differ from other members of the lineomaculatus group in morphometric, meristic, qualitative and genetic characters; moreover they inhabit different phytogeographical provinces and districts. With these descriptions, the number of species now recognized in the lineomaculatus section is twenty one (including one more description that is in press).

scholarly journals Characterization of morphological and meristic traits and their variations between two different populations (wild and cultured) of <i>Cichlasoma festae</i>, a species native to tropical Ecuadorian rivers

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martín A. González ◽  
Jorge M. Rodriguez ◽  
Elena Angón ◽  
Andrés Martínez ◽  
Antón Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Condition Factor ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Meristic Characters ◽  
Morphometric Measurements ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Length Standard ◽  
Cultured Fish ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Two Populations

Abstract. This study was carried out to determine morphometric and meristic characteristics of two populations (wild and cultured) of Cichlasoma festae and to establish whether populations could be discriminated based on morphometric variability. Twenty-two morphometric and four meristic characters were used to test the hypothesis differentiation. Univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA) from 100 adult specimens showed significant differences (p <  0.05) for 21 standardized morphometric measurements out of 26 characters among the means of the wild and cultured Cichlasoma festae populations tested. Cross correlation amongst certain morphometric variables (i.e. body weight, total length, standard length, pre-ventral length, AC1, LC1 and P1) were medium-strong (r ≥  0.5), while the remaining were weakly correlated (r <  0.5). The length–weight relationship parameter b and condition factor (K) values were respectively 2.21 and 1.97 (indicating allometric growth) for cultured fish groups and 2.86 and 4.07 (p <  0.05) for wild fish groups. The condition factor values were significantly different from each other and showed that feeding of cultured fish should be improved. Both groups were accurately separated (>  80 % success rate) by linear discriminant functions that included only four morphometric measures.

The Boundaries of Caucasian Albania (4th Century BC – 3rd Century AD)

2021 ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Archil S. Balakhvantsev
Keyword(s):  
Caspian Sea ◽  
Balance Of Power ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
Archaeological Data ◽  
Narrative Tradition ◽  
Eastern Border ◽  
To Come ◽  
High Degree

The issue of the borders of Caucasian Albania in the ancient period has long been discussed in the literature, and the inability of researchers from different countries to come to an agreed solution is explained not so much by the state of the sources as by the high degree of politicization of the problem. The only thing that unites the most disagreeing authors with each other is their resolute confidence in the invariability of the borders of Caucasian Albania throughout antiquity. However, we have no reason to speak of an “eternal and unchanging” border along the Kura, Aras or Alazani. Albania&apos;s borders were constantly changing in the wake of changes in the balance of power between it and its neighbors: Media Atropatena, Armenia and Iberia. In the future, the political situation in Transcaucasia and the configuration of borders were increasingly influenced by the struggle of the two superpowers of the Ancient World – the Rome and Iran – for domination in the Middle East. Thus, the establishment of the border between Armenia and Albania along the Kura is associated with the signing of the Nisibis peace between Diocletian and Narses. The only “eternal” was the eastern border along the Caspian Sea, but it also in the 4th–2nd centuries BC underwent major changes. Further clarification of the borders of Albania is possible only on the basis of an in-depth and honest analysis of the ancient narrative tradition and an ever-growing array of archaeological data, free from following the political conjuncture.

scholarly journals Use of neural networks to diagnose acute myocardial infarction. I. Methodology

1996 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 604-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
J S Jørgensen ◽  
J B Pedersen ◽  
S M Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Neural Networks ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Discriminant Function ◽  
Discriminant Function Analysis ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Clinical Problem ◽  
Usual Practice ◽  
Linear Discriminant

Abstract We investigated several aspects of using neural networks as a diagnostic tool: the design of an optimal network, the amount of patients' data needed to train the network, the question of training the network optimally while avoiding overfitting, and the influence of redundant variables. The specific clinical problem chosen for illustration was the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction, given only the electrocardiogram and the concentration of potassium in serum at the time of admission. We found that, in contrast to usual practice, the termination of the training process should be based on the generalization performance and not on the training performance. We also found that a principal component analysis can be used to eliminate redundant variables, thereby reducing the data space. The diagnostic performance of the neural network we used was 78%--superior to that of linear discriminant function analysis but similar to that of quadratic discriminant function analysis.

SURFACE MORPHOLOGY OF CHALKBOARD TIPS CAPTURES THE UNIQUENESS OF THE USER'S HAND STROKES

2010 ◽  
Vol 21 (04) ◽  
pp. 535-548
Author(s):  
CHRISTOPHER MONTEROLA ◽  
IRENE CRISOLOGO ◽  
JERIC TUGAFF ◽  
RENE BATAC ◽  
ANTHONY LONGJAS
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Photometric Stereo ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Average Classification Accuracy ◽  
Test Sets ◽  
Classification And Regression ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Dimensional Surface ◽  
Better Than

Penmanship has a high degree of uniqueness as exemplified by the standard use of hand signature as identifier in contract validations and property ownerships. In this work, we demonstrate that the distinctiveness of one's writing patterns is possibly embedded in the molding of chalk tips. Using conventional photometric stereo method, the three-dimensional surface features of blackboard chalk tips used in Math and Physics lectures are microscopically resolved. Principal component analysis (PCA) and neural networks (NN) are then combined in identifying the chalk user based on the extracted topography. We show that NN approach applied to eight lecturers allow average classification accuracy (Φ NN ) equal to 100% and 71.5 ± 2.7% for the training and test sets, respectively. Test sets are chalks not seen previously by the trained NN and represent 25% or 93 of the 368 chalk samples used. We note that the NN test set prediction is more than five-fold higher than the proportional chance criterion (PCC, Φ PCC = 12.9%), strongly hinting to a high degree of unique correlation between the user's hand strokes and the chalk tip features. The result of NN is also about three-fold better than the standard methods of linear discriminant analysis (LDA, Φ LDA = 27.0 ± 4.2%) or classification and regression trees (CART, Φ CART = 17.3 ± 3.7%). While the procedure discussed is far from becoming a practical biometric tool, our work offers a fundamental perspective to the extent on which the uniqueness of hand strokes of humans can be exhibited.

scholarly journals Helminth parasites of fish of the Kazakhstan sector of the Caspian Sea and associated drainage basin

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-251
Author(s):  
A. M. Abdybekova ◽  
A. A. Abdibayeva ◽  
N. N. Popov ◽  
A. A. Zhaksylykova ◽  
B. I. Barbol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Caspian Sea ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Rutilus Rutilus ◽  
Condition Index ◽  
Infected Fish ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Liza Aurata

SummaryThe northern section of the Caspian Sea is an important fishery for Kazakhstan. In the present study, a total of 606 individuals of 13 fish species were collected. For each of Abramis brama, Alosa saposchnikowii, Atherina boyeri caspia, Carassius auratus, Clupeonella cultriventris, Cyprinus carpio, Liza aurata, Leuciscus aspius, Rutilus rutilus caspius, Sander lucioperca, Sander marinus, and Sander volgensis 50 individuals were examined whilst 6 individuals of Siluris glanis were examined. The nematode parasite Anisakis schupakovi was found in all fish species except Liza aurata, Carassius aurata, Cyprinus carpio and Rutilus rutilus at intensities ranging from 1 to 1197 parasites per infected fish. Trematodes of family Diplostomidae were also isolated from all fish except Alosa saposhnikowii, Clupeonella cultriventris and Sander marinus at intensities ranging from 1 to 242 parasites per infected fish. Other parasites found included the nematodes Porrocaecum reticulatum, Contracecum sp, Camallanus sp and Eustrongylus excisus; the cestodes Neogryporhynchus cheilancristrotus, Bothriocephalus opsariichthydis; the monogenean parasites Mazocraes alosa, Ancyrocephalus paradocus, Gyrodactylus spp, Ligophorus vanbenedenii and Dactylogyrus spp; and the crustacean parasites Ergasilus sp. and Synergasilus sp. In addition one unidentified species of nematode and a bivalve of the genus Unio was recovered from Rutilus rutilus caspius. There was no association between Fulton’s condition index and intensity of parasite infection.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Trace Element Content in the Brain of Bony Fish Species and Their Food Items in the Southwest of the Caspian Sea Due to Anthropogenic Activities

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-85
Author(s):  
Masoud Sattari ◽  
Mohammad Forouhar Vajargah ◽  
Mehdi Bibak ◽  
Shima Bakhshalizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Caspian Sea ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Perca Fluviatilis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Trace Element Content ◽  
Bony Fish ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
The Brain

The trace elements (TEs) in aquatic environments due to anthropogenic activities are readily available to aquatic organisms. There are 153 fish species inhabiting the Caspian Sea. However, little is known about TE (TE) concentrations in these species. In this study, we investigated the effects of TEs levels in the brain of some bony fish species inhabiting the Caspian basin. Totally, 405 fish from nine species with different feeding behaviors including Leuciscus aspius (n = 20) and Perca fluviatilis (n = 37) as piscivores, Rutilus kutum (n = 27) and Rutilus caspius (n = 71) as carnivores, Vimba persa (n = 56), Ponticola caspia (n = 25) and Tinca tinca (n = 31) as mollusivores, and Alburnus chalcoides (n = 77) and Alosa braschnikowi (n = 61) as zooplanktivores were collected from the southwest of the Caspian Sea basin from September 2017 to June 2018. The ICP-OES was used to measure TEs in the brain tissue of fish. The variability of TEs concentrations in the brain tissues of these fishes by principal component analysis (PCA) was decreased to 63.59% and 17.68% for PC1 and PC2, respectively, exhibiting that 81.27% of the total variability is associated with K, Mg, P, S, Zn, and Al. The two-dimensional diagrams showed the weight of each component in PCA. The PC1 was mostly influenced by P, Mg, K, and Zn, while the greatest value in PC2 belonged to Al. Furthermore, the entire number of elements determined in this study was found to be a suitable indicator for the distinction between fish species based on their feeding items.

scholarly journals The intelligent knife (iKnife) and its intraoperative diagnostic advantage for the treatment of cervical disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (13) ◽  
pp. 7338-7346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Menelaos Tzafetas ◽  
Anita Mitra ◽  
Maria Paraskevaidi ◽  
Zsolt Bodai ◽  
Ilkka Kalliala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Fertility Preservation ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Cervical Tissue ◽  
Cervical Lesions ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Linear Discriminant

Clearance of surgical margins in cervical cancer prevents the need for adjuvant chemoradiation and allows fertility preservation. In this study, we determined the capacity of the rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry (REIMS), also known as intelligent knife (iKnife), to discriminate between healthy, preinvasive, and invasive cervical tissue. Cervical tissue samples were collected from women with healthy, human papilloma virus (HPV) ± cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), or cervical cancer. A handheld diathermy device generated surgical aerosol, which was transferred into a mass spectrometer for subsequent chemical analysis. Combination of principal component and linear discriminant analysis and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator was employed to study the spectral differences between groups. Significance of discriminatory m/z features was tested using univariate statistics and tandem MS performed to elucidate the structure of the significant peaks allowing separation of the two classes. We analyzed 87 samples (normal = 16, HPV ± CIN = 50, cancer = 21 patients). The iKnife discriminated with 100% accuracy normal (100%) vs. HPV ± CIN (100%) vs. cancer (100%) when compared to histology as the gold standard. When comparing normal vs. cancer samples, the accuracy was 100% with a sensitivity of 100% (95% CI 83.9 to 100) and specificity 100% (79.4 to 100). Univariate analysis revealed significant MS peaks in the cancer-to-normal separation belonging to various classes of complex lipids. The iKnife discriminates healthy from premalignant and invasive cervical lesions with high accuracy and can improve oncological outcomes and fertility preservation of women treated surgically for cervical cancer. Larger in vivo research cohorts are required to validate these findings.

Land-Mark based morphometric and meristic variations in two congeneric hilsha population, Tenualosa ilisha and Tenualosa toli from Bangladesh water bodies

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-282
Author(s):  
Mithun Das ◽  
Md Mahiuddin Zahangir ◽  
Fatema Akhter ◽  
Md Main Uddin Mamun ◽  
Md Moudud Islam
Keyword(s):  
Function Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Morphological Differentiation ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Meristic Characters ◽  
Morphometric Measurements ◽  
Network Measurements ◽  
Morphometric Characters ◽  
Marine Population ◽  
Tenualosa Ilisha

The morphometric characters are effectively used for the better differentiation among the fish population and sustainable management. The appraisal of the natural population stock and morphological variation within and between two hilsha species (Tenualosa ilisha and Tenualosa toli) from three different habitat (Coastal, riverine and marine) of Bangladesh, were investigated by applying the land mark based morphometric and meristic variation measurement methods. All data were adjusted and Univariate ANOVA, where discriminant function analysis (DFA) and principal component analysis (PCA) exhibited the divergences in eight morphometric measurements and eight truss network measurements among the three stocks of T. ilisha. The 1st DFA accounted for 89.8% & 87.4% and the second DFA resolved 10.2% and 12.6%, respectively in morphometric characteristics variation among the group studied. Scattered plotting from PCA and dendogram from cluster analysis (CA) revealed that, the river habitants were morphologically different from the coastal and marine population. Twelve of fifteen morphometric measurements and thirteen of fourteen truss network measurements showed significant differences between T. ilisha and T. toil with significant variation in meristic characters. PCA revealed 89.23% and 88.29% in case of morphometric and truss measurement respectively confirmed high degree of variations in morphological characteristics between two species. Overall, our results based on morphometrics with truss measurements together provide useful information about the morphological differentiation which will be helpful for sustainable exploration and effective management for these two species. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2020, 6(2): 265-282

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document