scholarly journals The effect of culture conditions for the mycelium growth of Phillenus linteus

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-43
Author(s):  
Van Giang Nguyen ◽  
◽  
Thi Bich Thuy Nguyen ◽  
Thi Khanh Linh Vu ◽  
Duy Trinh Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Phellinus Linteus ◽  
Mycelium Growth ◽  
Nutrient Sources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Medicinal Value

Phellinus linteus(Berk. & Curt.) Teng mushroom belonging to the genus Phellinusspp., has high medicinal value. This study was carried out with the aim to evaluate the effects of carbon, nitrogen sources, pH, and temperature on the mycelial growth of the P. linteusstrain. The experimental results showed that glucose and casein with concentrations of 2.0 and 0.2% respectively are identified as the most suitable carbon and nitrogen nutrient sources forP. linteus. Conversely, the mycelia of P. linteusare not able to grow on the urea media. Mycelium of P. linteus growths well at 7-10 pH and temperature at 30oC. When mycelia are incubated in these conditions, the rate of mycelial growth of P. linteus reaches 5.0 mm/day with thick density even distribution, and adherence to the substrate firmly.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF OPTIMUM CULTURE CONDITIONS FOR MYCELIAL GROWTH OF Macrolepiota procera MUSHROOM

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-20
Author(s):  
Aysun Pekşen ◽  
Beyhan Kibar
Keyword(s):  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Malt Extract ◽  
The Public ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Incubation Temperatures ◽  
Macrolepiota Procera

Macrolepiota procera, commonly called the Parasol Mushroom, is a delicious mushroom collected from the nature and commonly consumed by the public in many regions of Turkey. This study was conducted to determine the optimum culture conditions (pH, temperature, carbon and nitrogen sources) for mycelial growth of M. procera. Three pH values (pH 5.0, 5.5 and 6.0), four incubation temperatures (15, 20, 25 and 30°C), seven carbon (C) sources (dextrose, glucose, lactose, maltose, mannitol, sucrose and xylose) and six nitrogen (N) sources ((NH4)2HPO4, NH4NO3 and Ca(NO3)2, malt extract, peptone and yeast extract) were investigated. In the second step of the study, the effect of seven pH values (4.0, 4.5, 5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5 and 7.0) on the mycelial colony diameter was examined at 20 and 25°C since these temperatures gave the best mycelial growth in the previously conducted temperature experiment. The best mycelial growth was determined at pH 6.0. The optimum temperature for mycelial growth of M. procera was found as 25°C. The use of glucose as carbon source and yeast extract and peptone as nitrogen source in the culture medium gave the best results for mycelial growth. Determining of optimum culture conditions for mycelial growth of M. procera will provide important contributions to the fortcoming studies on it’s commercially cultivation in Turkey.

Biological Characteristics for Mycelial Growth of Agaricus bisporus

2014 ◽  
Vol 508 ◽  
pp. 297-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Ma ◽  
Chu Yu Guan ◽  
Xian Jun Meng
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Agaricus Bisporus ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Biological Characteristics ◽  
Mycelium Growth ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Carbon Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
White Button Mushrooms

The biological characteristics of Agaricus bisporus mycelia were reported in this study. Biological characteristics of mycelium growth, including carbon source, nitrogen source, carbon-nitrogen ratio, temperature, pH and growth regulators, were investigated. The results indicated that the optimum carbon and nitrogen sources for mycelial growth were glucose and yeast extract fermentation, respectively. The optimum carbon-nitrogen ratio of culture was 20:1～30:1; the optimum temperature was 22～24°C and the optimum pH was 7.0～7.5. Analysis of growth regulators revealed that VC and VB1 were essential in promoting the mycelial growth of white button mushrooms.

scholarly journals Improved Cordycepin Production by Cordyceps militaris KYL05 Using Casein Hydrolysate in Submerged Conditions

Biomolecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soo Kweon Lee ◽  
Ju Hun Lee ◽  
Hyeong Ryeol Kim ◽  
Youngsang Chun ◽  
Ja Hyun Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Foods ◽  
Casein Hydrolysate ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Cordyceps Militaris ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Bioactive Product ◽  
Submerged Conditions

Cordycepin, a beneficial bioactive product specifically found in Cordyceps, has received attention in various bioindustrial applications such as in pharmaceuticals, functional foods, and cosmetics, due to its significant functions. However, low productivity of cordycepin is a barrier to commercialization. In this study, Cordyceps militaris was mutated by UV irradiation to improve the cordycepin production. The highest producer KYL05 strain was finally selected and its cordycepin production was increased about 1.5-fold compared to wild type. In addition, the effects of culture conditions were fundamentally investigated. Optimal conditions were as follows: pH 6, temperature of 25 °C, shaking speed of 150 rpm, and culture time of 6 days. Effects of medium component on cordycepin production were also investigated by using various carbon and nitrogen sources. It was found that glucose and casein hydrolysate (CH) were most effective as carbon and nitrogen sources in cordycepin production (2.3-fold improvement) with maximum cordycepin production of about 445 mg/L. In particular, production was significantly affected by CH. These results should be of value in improving the efficiency of mass production of cordycepin.

scholarly journals β-Fructofuranosidase andβ–D-Fructosyltransferase from NewAspergillus carbonariusPC-4 Strain Isolated from Canned Peach Syrup: Effect of Carbon and Nitrogen Sources on Enzyme Production

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Carvalho do Nascimento ◽  
Ryhára Dias Batista ◽  
Claudia Cristina Auler do Amaral Santos ◽  
Ezequiel Marcelino da Silva ◽  
Fabrício Coutinho de Paula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Soybean Protein ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Production Values ◽  
Pure Carbon ◽  
Fermentation Parameters

β-fructofuranosidase (invertase) andβ-D-fructosyltransferase (FTase) are enzymes used in industrial processes to hydrolyze sucrose aiming to produce inverted sugar syrup or fructooligosaccharides. In this work, a blackAspergillussp. PC-4 was selected among six filamentous fungi isolated from canned peach syrup which were initially screened for invertase production. Cultivations with pure carbon sources showed that invertase and FTase were produced from glucose and sucrose, but high levels were also obtained from raffinose and inulin. Pineapple crown was the best complex carbon source for invertase (6.71 U/mL after 3 days of cultivation) and FTase production (14.60 U/mL after 5 days of cultivation). Yeast extract and ammonium chloride nitrogen sources provided higher production of invertase (6.80 U/mL and 6.30 U/mL, respectively), whereas ammonium nitrate and soybean protein were the best nitrogen sources for FTase production (24.00 U/mL and 24.90 U/mL, respectively). Fermentation parameters for invertase using yeast extract wereYP/S= 536.85 U/g andPP= 1.49 U/g/h. FTase production showed values ofYP/S= 2,627.93 U/g andPP= 4.4 U/h using soybean protein. The screening for best culture conditions showed an increase of invertase production values by 5.10-fold after 96 h cultivation compared to initial experiments (fungi bioprospection), while FTase production increased by 14.60-fold (44.40 U/mL) after 168 h cultivation.A. carbonariusPC-4 is a new promising strain for invertase and FTase production from low cost carbon sources, whose synthesized enzymes are suitable for the production of inverted sugar, fructose syrups, and fructooligosaccharides.

scholarly journals Development of a Semiselective Medium for Detection of Nalanthamala psidii, Causal Agent of Wilt of Guava

Plant Disease ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 97 (9) ◽  
pp. 1132-1136 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. F. Hong ◽  
H. Y. Hsieh ◽  
C. T. Chen ◽  
H. C. Huang
Keyword(s):  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Infested Soil ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Aerial Hyphae ◽  
Important Disease

Guava wilt, caused by Nalanthamala psidii, has become an important disease of guava (Psidium guajava) in Taiwan since the 1970s. This study was conducted to develop a semiselective medium for detecting N. psidii in soil and in tissues of diseased guava trees. Among 9 carbon and 21 nitrogen compounds tested in a modified Czapek-Dox medium, the most effective carbon and nitrogen sources for mycelial growth of N. psidii were sucrose and glycine, respectively. Among eight fungicides tested, iprodione at 5 μg ml–1 and azoxystrobin at 1 μg ml–1 were the most effective fungicides for detection of N. psidii in artificially infested soil or in naturally infected guava debris. Based on the requirement for carbon and nitrogen sources and response to fungicides, a semiselective medium designated as modified sucrose-glycine semiselective medium (mSGSSM) was developed for isolation of N. psidii, using the modified Czapek-Dox medium containing 3% sucrose, 0.3% glycine, iprodione at 5 μg ml–1, azoxystrobin at 1 μg ml–1, streptomycin at 200 μg ml–1, and neomycin at 200 μg ml–1. Colonies of N. psidii on mSGSSM at 30°C for 5 to 10 days were white to orange with sparse aerial hyphae. N. psidii was detected more accurately and efficiently on mSGSSM than on other media, including potato dextrose agar, modified Nash-Snyder medium, and modified Czapek-Dox medium. This semiselective medium is effective in detection of N. psidii from various parts of diseased guava trees and in soil; therefore, it would be a useful medium for etiological, ecological, and epidemiological studies of guava wilt.

scholarly journals Isolation and Optimization of Monascus ruber OMNRC45 for Red Pigment Production and Evaluation of the Pigment as a Food Colorant

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (24) ◽  
pp. 8867
Author(s):  
Osama M. Darwesh ◽  
Ibrahim A. Matter ◽  
Hesham S. Almoallim ◽  
Sulaiman A. Alharbi ◽  
You-Kwan Oh
Keyword(s):  
Submerged Fermentation ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Pigment Production ◽  
Red Pigment ◽  
Monascus Ruber ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
General Acceptance ◽  
Food Colorant

The color of food is a critical factor influencing its general acceptance. Owing to the effects of chemical colorants on health, current research is directly aimed at producing natural and healthy food colorants from microbial sources. A pigment-producing fungal isolate, obtained from soil samples and selected based on its rapidity and efficiency in producing red pigments, was identified as Monascus ruber OMNRC45. The culture conditions were optimized to enhance pigment production under submerged fermentation. The optimal temperature and pH for the highest red pigment yield were 30 °C and 6.5, respectively. The optimum carbon and nitrogen sources were rice and peptone, respectively. The usefulness of the pigment produced as a food colorant was evaluated by testing for contamination by the harmful mycotoxin citrinin and assessing its biosafety in mice. In addition, sensory evaluation tests were performed to evaluate the overall acceptance of the pigment as a food colorant. The results showed that M. ruber OMNRC45 was able to rapidly and effectively produce dense natural red pigment under the conditions of submerged fermentation without citrinin production. The findings of the sensory and biosafety assessments indicated the biosafety and applicability of the red Monascus pigment as a food colorant.

scholarly journals Convergence of TOR-Nitrogen and Snf1-Glucose Signaling Pathways onto Gln3

2002 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 1246-1252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula G. Bertram ◽  
Jae H. Choi ◽  
John Carvalho ◽  
Ting-Fung Chan ◽  
Wandong Ai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Glucose Sensor ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Nutrient Sensing ◽  
Nutrient Sources ◽  
Glucose Signaling ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Dependent Protein ◽  
Yeast Homolog

ABSTRACT Carbon and nitrogen are two basic nutrient sources for cellular organisms. They supply precursors for energy metabolism and metabolic biosynthesis. In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, distinct sensing and signaling pathways have been described that regulate gene expression in response to the quality of carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively. Gln3 is a GATA-type transcription factor of nitrogen catabolite-repressible (NCR) genes. Previous observations indicate that the quality of nitrogen sources controls the phosphorylation and cytoplasmic retention of Gln3 via the target of rapamycin (TOR) protein. In this study, we show that glucose also regulates Gln3 phosphorylation and subcellular localization, which is mediated by Snf1, the yeast homolog of AMP-dependent protein kinase and a cytoplasmic glucose sensor. Our data show that glucose and nitrogen signaling pathways converge onto Gln3, which may be critical for both nutrient sensing and starvation responses.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF VARIOUS MEDIA AND NUTRIENT SOURCES ON ALTERNARIA SOLANI CAUSE EARLY BLIGHT DISEASE IN TOMATO

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (no 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Rex ◽  
G. Rajasekar
Keyword(s):  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Early Blight ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Alternaria Solani ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Potato Dextrose Broth ◽  
Nutrient Sources

Early blight of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) incited by Alternaria solani is highly destructive causing yield loss up to 78 per cent. The fungus was tested with different media along with the host extract and different nutrient sources for their growth and development in in vitro. Twelve different media were tested on the growth of A. solani, among them potato dextrose agar + host leaf extract recorded maximum radial mycelial growth of A. solani (89.57mm) and potato dextrose broth + leaf extract has maximum mycelial dry weight (613mg). Six carbon and nitrogen sources amended media were tested. Among carbon sources, glucose recorded maximum radial mycelial growth (74.65mm) and mycelia dry weight (709.17mg). Among the nitrogen sources, ammonium nitrate has the enhanced the radial mycelail growth (84.56 mm) and high mycelial dry weigh (654.27mg). This study will be helpful for further investigations on the physiology of the fungus and management of the disease.

scholarly journals Optimization of Culture Conditions for Protease Production using Three Strains of Bacillus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cyr Jonas Morabandza ◽  
Valentin Dibangou ◽  
Faly Armel Soloka Mabika ◽  
Elgie Viennechie Gatse ◽  
Tarcisse Baloki Ngoulou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Production ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Luria Bertani ◽  
Protease Production ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Cassava Leaves ◽  
Milk Casein

The aim of this work was to determine the effect of a few external factors on bacterial growth and the production of enzymes with a proteolytic effect in three strains of Bacillus: CMS5 (Bacillus subtilis), CMS4 (Bacillus sp.) and SPo5 14′ (Bacillus velenzensis) isolated from squashes packed in traditionally prepared cassava leaves, but also to determine the best source of carbon and nitrogen. All three strains have the ability to actively degrade milk casein. The strains were grown in Luria Bertani medium and the suspension from the cell culture was used to measure optical density and demonstrate enzyme activity on a petri dish containing skim milk. Several parameters were verified including the influence of temperature, pH, and carbon and nitrogen source on growth and enzyme production. Growth was possible from 25 to 60°C with an optimal temperature of 30°C after 24 hours. Enzyme production was observed from 25 to 55°C with an optimum at 37°C. For pH, growth and enzyme production was possible from pH 5.7 and 9 with an optimum of 7 in all three strains. Among the sources of carbons used, galactose is the best source for growth after 24 h in all three strains, and starch for production. Among nitrogen sources, Bacto-peptone is best for growth as well as production.

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