scholarly journals Varian Islam Nusantara: Jawa, Minangkabau dan Gorontalo

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 273
Author(s):  
Donald Qomaidiansyah Tungkagi
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
Early Period ◽  
The Other ◽  
Local Culture ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Reconciliation Process

This article discusses how the encounter of Islam and culture in Indonesia, and how Islam on one hand  affects culture and on the other hand it is influenced by culture. The encounter between Islam and local culture has formed a new habitat that is later called the Islamic Nusantara tradition. The findings in this article prove that the interaction of Islam with local culture occurs in a socio-historical context influenced by the pattern of the spread of Islam in the archipelago. By using the theory of Taufik Abdullah in this article the author compares the three variants of Islamic Nusantara with the pattern and uniqueness of each form: a) Javanese variant, there is a process of acculturation between Islam and culture which are equally strong. The Javanese Islamic variant describes the result of a reconciliation process between identity, belief and the style of Javanese and Islam as "Mystic Synthesis". B) Minangkabau variant, born from "Negotiation of Islam and Adat" as a very thick area of Islamic and customary nuances make the dimensions in Islamic variants in Minangkabau cannot be separated from the conflict between the two parties who gave the role. C) Gorontalo variant, with different Islamiza­tion process with other kingdoms in the Nusantara in general. Since the early period of Islamic encounter with Gorontalo culture, there has been more tangible "Integration between Islam and Adat". Keywords: Java, Minangkabau, Gorontalo, Islam NusantaraArtikel ini mendiskusikan bagaimana perjumpaan Islam dan budaya di Indonesia, dan bagaimana Islam pada satu sisi berpengaruh terhadap budaya dan di sisi lain dipengaruhi oleh budaya. Perjumpaan antara Islam dan budaya lokal telah membentuk habitat baru yang belakangan disebut tradisi Islam Nusantara. Temuan dalam artikel ini membuktikan bahwa interaksi Islam dengan budaya lokal terjadi dalam konteks sosio-historis yang dipengaruhi pola penyebaran Islam di kawasan Nusantara. Dengan menggunakan teori Taufik Abdullah dalam artikel ini penulis memban­ding­kan tiga varian Islam Nusantara dengan corak dan keunikannya masing-masing diantaranya: a) Varian Jawa, terjadi proses akulturasi an­tara Islam dan budaya yang sama-sama kuat. Varian Islam Jawa meng­gambarkan hasil proses rekonsiliasi antara identitas, keyakinan serta gaya Jawa dan Islam ini dengan sebutan “Sintesis Mistik”. b) Varian Minang­kabau, lahir dari “Negosiasi Islam dan Adat” sebagai wilayah yang sangat kental nuansa Islam dan adat membuat warna dalam varian Islam di Minangkabau tidak lepas dari dari konflik antara dua pihak yang memberi peranan tersebut. c) Pola Gorontalo, dengan proses Islamisasi yang ber­beda dengan kerajaan-kerajaan di Nusantara pada umumnya. Sejak periode awal perjumpaan Islam dengan budaya Gorontalo lebih berwujud “Integ­rasi antara Islam dan Adat”.Kata kunci: Jawa, Minangkabau, Gorontalo, , Islam Nusantara 

Monotheism in Isaiah

2020 ◽  
pp. 218-248
Author(s):  
Matthias Albani
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
The Other ◽  
Divine Power ◽  
Crisis Situation ◽  
Catalytic Function ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Future ◽  
The One ◽  
Religious Crisis

The monotheistic confession in Isa 40–48 is best understood against the historical context of Israel’s political and religious crisis situation in the final years of Neo-Babylonian rule. According to Deutero-Isaiah, Yhwh is unique and incomparable because he alone truly predicts the “future” (Isa 41:22–29)—currently the triumph of Cyrus—which will lead to Israel’s liberation from Babylonian captivity (Isa 45). This prediction is directed against the Babylonian deities’ claim to possess the power of destiny and the future, predominantly against Bel-Marduk, to whom both Nabonidus and his opponents appeal in their various political assertions regarding Cyrus. According to the Babylonian conviction, Bel-Marduk has the universal divine power, who, on the one hand, directs the course of the stars and thus determines the astral omens and, on the other hand, directs the course of history (cf. Cyrus Cylinder). As an antithesis, however, Deutero-Isaiah proclaims Yhwh as the sovereign divine creator and leader of the courses of the stars in heaven as well as the course of history on earth (Isa 45:12–13). Moreover, the conflict between Nabonidus and the Marduk priesthood over the question of the highest divine power (Sîn versus Marduk) may have had a kind of “catalytic” function in Deutero-Isaiah’s formulation of the monotheistic confession.

Re-Visiting the Implications of Contemporary Epistemological Models for the Understanding of Religious Experience: an Overview

2004 ◽  
Vol 11 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 278-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel P. Veldsman
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Religious Experience ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Science And Religion ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Theology And Science ◽  
The One ◽  
Culturally Embedded

AbstractThe more recently proposed epistemological models (cf Gregersen & Van Huyssteen, eds., Rethinking Theology and Science: Six Models for the Current Dialogue) within the context of the science and religion debate, have opened up galaxie,s of meanirzg on the interface of the debates which are inviting for exploralive, theological travelling. But how are we epistemologically to judge not only oui journets but also the rethinking of the implications of these epistemological models for our understanding of religious experience and our experience of transcendence? The interdisciplinary space that has been opened up in an exciting post-foundational manner zuithirz these very debates, leaves us as rational persons, embedded in a very specific social and historical context, with the haunting cognitive pluralist question on how to reach beyond the limits of our own epistemic traditions (Wentzel van Huyssteen). This question is pursued as an effort on the one hand to unmask epistemic arrogance and, on the other hand, not to take refuge in the insular comfort of internally closed language-systems. It is an effort to address relativism and a 'twentieth-century despair of any knozuledye of reality' (Polkinghorne). It is finally an effort to conceptually revisit the implications of tltese models for our understanding of our culturally embedded religious experience.

scholarly journals A Note on Cleanthes and Early Stoic Cosmogony

Mnemosyne ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Benjamin Harriman
Keyword(s):  
Natural Philosophy ◽  
Early Period ◽  
The Other ◽  
Middle Ground ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Controversial Area

Abstract Our primary evidence for the contribution of Cleanthes, the second Stoic scholarch, to the school’s distinctive theory of cyclical ekpyrosis (conflagration) is limited to a single difficult passage found in Stobaeus attributed to Arius Didymus. Interpretations of this text have largely proceeded by emendation (von Arnim, Meerwaldt) or claims of misconstrual or misunderstanding (Hahm). In recent studies, Salles and Hensley have taken the passage at face value and reconstructed opposed interpretations of Cleanthes’ position. The former suggests that it differs significantly from that of Zeno and Chrysippus. Both the sequence of elemental transformation and its scope are said to be challenged by Cleanthes, suggesting cosmogony was a deeply controversial area in the early Stoa. I resist this interpretation of the evidence while also attempting to read the text without textual correction. Hensley, on the other hand, finds all three to be in strict harmony. Here I advocate for a middle ground where Cleanthes is closer to the positions of both Zeno and Chrysippus, but I also find room for his development of Stoic cosmogony as composed of a series of discrete stages radiating outwards from the middle. We are left with a clearer, more nuanced picture of how Stoic natural philosophy develops in its early period.

scholarly journals The Metrological Relief at Oxford

1883 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 335-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ad. Michaelis
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Early Period ◽  
The Other ◽  
Very Old ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Greek Art ◽  
Artistic Interest ◽  
As If

Of peculiar interest among the Arundel marbles of the Pomfret donation at Oxford, is a slab in the shape of a pediment, ‘in which there is in basso relievo the figure of a man as big as the life with his arms extended as if he was crucified, but no lower than about his paps is seen, the cornice cutting him off as it were; and this extension of his arms is called a grecian measure, and over his arm is a grecian foot.’ The marble thus described by George Vertue, the engraver, was first published in Chandler's Marmora Oxoniensia, Pt. I., Pl. lix., No. 166, but its importance was completely overlooked until the late Prof. Matz, in one of his last papers, published a better drawing and pointed out the artistic interest of the relief as a sculpture belonging to a rather early period of Greek art. On the other hand, the merit of the monument as an authentic document of Greek metrology was set forth, at my request, by my friend Dr. Fr. Hultsch, the author of Griechische Metrologie, whose views are repeated in my Ancient Marbles in Great Britain. The chief result of his exposition was that our relief unites in a most interesting way the indication of the length of a fathom (ὀρλυιά) of 2·06 or 20·07 m. with that of a foot of 0·295 m., which is not, as one might expect, the sixth, but exactly the seventh part of the fathom. As such a division of the fathom does not agree with the well-known facts of Greek metrology, Hultsch imagined that the foot on our marble might rather be a modulus used by sculptors and architects, and he observed that the recent excavations of Olympia seem to show the dimensions of some of the temples, particularly of the very old temple of Heré, to be based on a double measure, on a foot but little longer (of 0·298 m.), as well as on a fathom of 2·084 m. which, again, corresponds to seven of those feet.

“To engraft ourselves on foreign stocks”: Byron’s Poetics of Acculturation

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Schoina
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Mary Shelley ◽  
The Other ◽  
Local Culture ◽  
Crossing Over ◽  
Rhetorical Strategies ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Culture Acquisition

Abstract Considering the largely unacknowledged connection between Byron and Mary Shelley on the logistics which pertain to the experience of crossing-over cultures, this paper investigates the notion of authentic Italianisation as exemplified in their related texts, and discusses its problematics in the context of the dominant themes and preoccupations in Romantic culture. Thus, on the one hand, my paper examines how the Romantic anticipation of being immersed in local culture and of “going native” is articulated – or rather, performed – by Byron himself, by considering specific rhetorical strategies and figures of filiation he used to ground his relationship to Italian place. More specifically, I contend that although Byron’s polymorphic identification to Italian place is constructed in the imagination, it is also grounded in time- and space-bound actions and involves a structure of social relations. On the other hand, the paper delineates how Byron’s idiosyncratic immersion into Italianness is theorised by Mary Shelley and counted on as a model of second culture acquisition.

scholarly journals ’n Beraad te midde van berade: Die historiese konteks van die Cottesloe-Kerkeberaad herbeoordeel

1991 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-258
Author(s):  
J. W. Hofmeyr
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
African Churches

A consultation amongst consultations: The historical context of the Cottesloe Church Consultation reconsidered At the time of writing it happens to be thirty years since the well known Cottesloe Church Consultation took place. On the other hand the November 1990 consultation of a wide variety of South African churches appears strongly in the focal point. In this article the socio-political, ecclesiastical and theological context of the Cottesloe Consultation is reconsidered. Finally some conclusions are drawn as regards the relevance of the Cottesloe Consultation for our times.

scholarly journals Redemptive-Historical Approach: Suatu Pendekatan Hermeneutis Injili Yang Kristosentris

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-161
Author(s):  
Fitri Yuliana
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
The Other ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
Literary Context ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Post Modernism ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One ◽  
Two Sides

Di satu sisi, penekanan modernisme pada rasionalitas dan historisitas telah menghasilkan kristologi yang kritis-objektif. Di sisi lain, pascamodernisme yang berepistemologi pluralis menghasilkan kristologi yang subjektif. Menanggapi dan menjembatani dua sisi persoalan ini, pendekatan hermeneutis redemptive-historical diajukan sebagai pendekatan alternatif injili. Pendekatan yang berpusat pada Kristus sebagai kulminasi sejarah penebusan (seperti yang disaksikan Alkitab) ini mengaitkan tiga horizon yaitu: textual, epochal, dan canonical untuk menginterpretasikan teks Kitab Suci secara holistik. Pendekatan ini menganalisis sintaksis, konteks sastra, konteks sejarah dan genre-nya (textual horizon), mengaitkannya dengan sejarah penebusan (epochal horizon), dan melihatnya dalam terang keutuhan kanon (canonical horizon). Penggabungan ketiga unsur tersebut menekankan dinamika pemenuhan janji Allah dalam kulminasi tersebut. Dengan demikian, pendekatan hermeneutis redemptive historical dapat mengarahkan orang Kristen pembacaan dan penafsiran Alkitab yang kristosentris. Kata-kata kunci: Pendekatan Redemptive-Historical, Epistemologi, Kristologi Modern Kristologi Pascamodern, Hermeneutika Injili Kristosentris On the one hand, the emphasis of modernism on rationality and historicity has produced a critical-objective Christology. On the other hand, post-modernism with a pluralist epistemology produces subjective Christology. Responding to, and bridging the two sides of this problem, the redemptive-historical hermeneutical approach is proposed as an alternative evangelical approach. The Christ-centered approach as the culmination of the history of redemption (as witnessed to in the Bible) links three horizons, namely: textual, epochal, and canonical to interpret the text of the Scriptures holistically. This approach analyzes syntax, literary context, historical context and its genre (textual horizon), links it to the history of redemption (epochal horizon), and sees it in the light of the canon (canonical horizon). The combination of these three elements emphasizes the dynamic fulfillment of God’s promises. Thus, the historical redemptive hermeneutical approach can lead Christians to read and interpret the Christocentric Bible. Keywords: Redemptive-Historical Approach, Epistemology, Modernist Christology, Post-modernist Christology, Christ-centered Evangelical Hermeneutics

scholarly journals Ad futuram Regis memoriam. The conservative history of King Dinis' tomb: myths and reality

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Rossi Vaio
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
The Other ◽  
14Th Century ◽  
Material Evaluation ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Art Scene ◽  
History Of

Based on the research done so far, this paper aims at providing a brief excursus on the conservative history of King Dinis' tomb, a unicum in the Portuguese art scene of the first half of the 14th century and an emblematic piece of medieval European sculpture. On the other hand, this article calls into question some affirmations transmitted in an uncritical way over the years by Portuguese artistic historiography. Thus, notations, considerations and reasoning are formulated based on the visual and material evaluation of the artwork, as well as on the analysis of the historical context. The aim is to revisit the existing literature on the restoration of the monument and to quantify the interventions and damage suffered by the tomb, either as a result of natural disasters or by the hand of man.

scholarly journals After in defence of the school: an interview with jan masschelein and maarten simons

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 705
Author(s):  
Alexandre Filordi de Carvalho ◽  
Julio Groppa Aquino
Keyword(s):  
Educational Research ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
School Context ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
The Other ◽  
School Practice ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
State Apparatus ◽  
Constant Tension ◽  
General School

The intent of the interview with the authors of In defence of the school was debating the reception of such book in the context of educational research in Brazil. On one hand, the very outreach of the idea of defending the school was inquired, taking into account the socio-historical context which still circumscribes the school in the functional register of State apparatus. On the other hand, and as a consequence, once again was called into question the book’s theoretical horizon, capable of substantiating the defence of the school as res publica. On both fronts, the interview ends up shedding some light to a triple problematization: a) the impasses as to what arguing in favor of formal education nowadays means; b) the consequences of school practice being thought only according to a theoretical-pedagogical dimension, as the authors maintain; c) the constant tension existing between the actualization of historical experiences in the multiplicity of school context and the presupposition of thinking of a general school model.  Stemming from the interview,  either the opponents or the proponents of Masschelein and Simons’ theses obtain new tools to rethink the ethico-political contours of In defence of the school.

Encountering the Present II

2018 ◽  
pp. 85-102
Author(s):  
Andy Kesson
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Early Period ◽  
English Word ◽  
The Other ◽  
Classical Concept ◽  
Active Intervention ◽  
Vernacular English ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Multiple Meanings ◽  
The One

This chapter rereads the generic boundaries of Shakespeare’s writing by exploring two different, and potentially opposed, meanings of the word ‘comedy’ in the sixteenth century. On the one hand, comedy was a recognizable classical concept, representing a range of generic possibilities with implications for tone, prosody, character range and narrative expectation. On the other hand, comedy had also become a vernacular English word which might mean little more than play or story, with no implication about content or style. This chapter suggests that Shakespeare was much more active than previously recognized in creating a dramatic genre built around self-consciously classical principles. The subsequent canonization of Shakespeare’s idiosyncratic take on the genre has in turn inflected the way the much more fluid work of his contemporaries has been read and understood. This chapter explores the multiple meanings of comedy in this early period alongside Shakespeare’s active intervention within it.

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