scholarly journals Empowerment of Small Businesses through The Implementation of Qardhul Hasan Financing

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Masyhuri Machfudz ◽  
Nahdhiatun Kamila
Keyword(s):  
Small Businesses ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Creative Economy ◽  
Management Mechanism ◽  
Loan Financing ◽  
Research Objects ◽  
The City

The research aims to describe Qardhul Hasan financing and recognize the problems faced in micro businesses in the city of Malang. The study was conducted on two research objects. The first study was on a used motorcycle dealer business that received Qardhul Hasan during the 2016-2018 period. The second study in 2019, was the implementation of Qardhul Hasan in small-scale creative economy traders, whose source of funding came from 2.5 percent of profits from used motorcycle dealers. The results showed that the implementation of Qardhul Hasan financing was quite profitable. Qardhul Hasan who is allocated to the creative economy group indicates a feeling of happiness and calm because loan repayments are not burdened with costs, besides having flexibility from the time of repayment. Economic actors managed to collect savings from repaying loan installments. Qardhul Hasan funding received a reasonably good response from economic actors. Qardhul Hasan loan recipients should be able to maintain trust and uphold the agreements that have been built. This study has implications for the development of Qardhul Hasan, namely strengthening the concept of Qardhul Hasan as loan financing, and strengthening groups for small businesses to run the Qardhul Hasan management mechanism JEL Classification:  D14, Q21, G51

scholarly journals PEMBENTUKAN RUANG KOLEKTIF SEBAGAI LANSKAP KREATIF MASYARAKAT KAMPUNG KOTA DI KEBON KACANG

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 961
Author(s):  
Nathanael Hanli ◽  
Fermanto Lianto
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Central Business District ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Creative Economy ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Third Place ◽  
Creative Landscape ◽  
The City

The turn of the 21st century saw a transformation in urban society as the abundance of  physical resources no longer serves as the sole determinant of a city’s economic development, rather it is the human capital and the ideas produced which generate growth through the creative economy sector. The image of a city, engraved by diversity and distinctive local identity, engage with individuals from various communities, establishing a creative landscape as a third place where interaction between members of the creative class occurs. The neighbourhood of Kebon Kacang is known as a residential area which embraces the city-village typology (first place). Located next to the central business district and economic center of the city (second place), its inhabitants are forced to occupy negative spaces left in between the high density area of downtown Jakarta, such as sidewalks and empty lot, and overhauling them in a temporal and spontaneous manner into informal third places. Aside as a social space for the local residents, the informal third place of Kebon Kacang also function as a production house for a variety of local products, ranging from staple dishes to small scale textile industry. Through the synthesis process consisting of field observation and literature study regarding the formation of social space in urban kampung, the informal quality attributed to the creative landscape of Kebon Kacang serves as a foundation in the planning and design process of Kebon Kacang Collective Space. AbstrakAbad ke-21 menjadi saksi atas transformasi perekonomian masyarakat kota di mana perkembangan suatu kawasan tak lagi ditentukan oleh keberadaan sumber daya fisik semata, melainkan juga ide dan pemikiran manusia sebagai katalis perkembangan ekonomi kreatif. Diversitas serta identitas yang membentuk citra suatu kawasan mengundang hadirnya individu dari berbagai komunitas yang berbeda, menciptakan lanskap kreatif sebagai third place di mana masyarakat kreatif dapat berinteraksi satu sama lain dan saling bertukar pikiran. Kelurahan Kebon Kacang sebagai permukiman kampung kota (first place) yang berbatasan dengan sentra bisnis dan perekonomian kota (second place) berkepadatan tinggi mendorong pemanfaatan ruang-ruang antara yang tersisa seperti bahu jalan dan lahan kosong sebagai third place bersifat informal yang diisi secara cair dan temporal oleh masyarakatnya, menjadikannya tak hanya sebagai wadah interaksi melainkan juga sarana berkreasi yang menghasilkan produk-produk lokal seperti kuliner hingga industri tekstil skala kecil. Melalui investigasi kawasan yang didasari oleh dua metode utama, yakni observasi lapangan dan kajian pustaka terhadap pembentukan ruang sosial di kampung kota sebagai third place, potensi karakteristik informal dalam pembentukan ruang antara sebagai lanskap kreatif di kawasan Kebon Kacang pun diangkat sebagai gagasan dalam perencanaan dan perancangan Ruang Kolektif Kebon Kacang yang bertujuan menghadirkan  third place sebagai wadah interaksi, kreasi, dan promosi bagi seluruh lapisan masyarakat di Kelurahan Kebon Kacang.

scholarly journals Understanding Spatial Variability of NO2 in Urban Areas Using Spatial Modelling and Data Fusion Approaches

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Said Munir ◽  
Martin Mayfield ◽  
Daniel Coca
Keyword(s):  
Data Fusion ◽  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Dispersion Model ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Spatial Modelling ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
The City

Small-scale spatial variability in NO2 concentrations is analysed with the help of pollution maps. Maps of NO2 estimated by the Airviro dispersion model and land use regression (LUR) model are fused with measured NO2 concentrations from low-cost sensors (LCS), reference sensors and diffusion tubes. In this study, geostatistical universal kriging was employed for fusing (integrating) model estimations with measured NO2 concentrations. The results showed that the data fusion approach was capable of estimating realistic NO2 concentration maps that inherited spatial patterns of the pollutant from the model estimations and adjusted the modelled values using the measured concentrations. Maps produced by the fusion of NO2-LCS with NO2-LUR produced better results, with r-value 0.96 and RMSE 9.09. Data fusion adds value to both measured and estimated concentrations: the measured data are improved by predicting spatiotemporal gaps, whereas the modelled data are improved by constraining them with observed data. Hotspots of NO2 were shown in the city centre, eastern parts of the city towards the motorway (M1) and on some major roads. Air quality standards were exceeded at several locations in Sheffield, where annual mean NO2 levels were higher than 40 µg/m3. Road traffic was considered to be the dominant emission source of NO2 in Sheffield.

scholarly journals The Role of Biophilic Agents in Building a Green Resilient City; the Case of Birmingham, UK

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 5033
Author(s):  
Linda Novosadová ◽  
Wim van der Knaap
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Governance ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Climate Resilience ◽  
Natural Land ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Community Projects ◽  
Business As Usual ◽  
The City

The present research offers an exploration into the biophilic approach and the role of its agents in urban planning in questions of building a green, resilient urban environment. Biophilia, the innate need of humans to connect with nature, coined by Edgar O. Wilson in 1984, is a concept that has been used in urban governance through institutions, agents’ behaviours, activities and systems to make the environment nature-inclusive. Therefore, it leads to green, resilient environments and to making cities more sustainable. Due to an increasing population, space within and around cities keeps on being urbanised, replacing natural land cover with concrete surfaces. These changes to land use influence and stress the environment, its components, and consequently impact the overall resilience of the space. To understand the interactions and address the adverse impacts these changes might have, it is necessary to identify and define the environment’s components: the institutions, systems, and agents. This paper exemplifies the biophilic approach through a case study in the city of Birmingham, United Kingdom and its biophilic agents. Using the categorisation of agents, the data obtained through in-situ interviews with local professionals provided details on the agent fabric and their dynamics with the other two environments’ components within the climate resilience framework. The qualitative analysis demonstrates the ways biophilic agents act upon and interact within the environment in the realm of urban planning and influence building a climate-resilient city. Their activities range from small-scale community projects for improving their neighbourhood to public administration programs focusing on regenerating and regreening the city. From individuals advocating for and educating on biophilic approach, to private organisations challenging the business-as-usual regulations, it appeared that in Birmingham the biophilic approach has found its representatives in every agent category. Overall, the activities they perform in the environment define their role in building resilience. Nonetheless, the role of biophilic agents appears to be one of the major challengers to the urban design’s status quo and the business-as-usual of urban governance. Researching the environment, focused on agents and their behaviour and activities based on nature as inspiration in addressing climate change on a city level, is an opposite approach to searching and addressing the negative impacts of human activity on the environment. This focus can provide visibility of the local human activities that enhance resilience, while these are becoming a valuable input to city governance and planning, with the potential of scaling it up to other cities and on to regional, national, and global levels.

scholarly journals Integration Efforts in Agriculture

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 91-96
Author(s):  
Judit Beke Lisányi
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Consumer Prices ◽  
Downward Pressure ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Capital Intensive

The economic and political transition brought many challenges for the Hungarian agricultural sector. The break-up of large agricultural holdings had serious negative impacts on food production and on the export of agricultural products. Capital intensive profit-seeking intermediaries dominate the trading of agricultural goods that has injurious effects in terms of downward pressure on production prices and an increase in consumer prices. Cooperatives have a key role in effectively tackling the common challenges that small-scale producers have to face. More vertical integration along the food chain could contribute to providing rural employment and to an increase in living standards in rural areas. This study reviews the development, the specific features and the driving forces of modern cooperatives in Central Europe in general, and in Hungary in particular. The focus is on the integrator role of cooperatives and their future role in our globalised world. JEL Classification: Q10, Q13

scholarly journals Creative economy, authenticity and peripheral memories: the favela souvenirs in Rio de Janeiro

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 117-128
Author(s):  
Diego Santos Vieira de Jesus ◽  
Isabella Perrotta
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Production ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Creative Economy ◽  
Food Services ◽  
Truth Telling ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Cultural Roles ◽  
The City ◽  
Tourist Guides ◽  
Strong Contrast

The aim is to examine the economic and cultural roles of the favela souvenirs for Rio de Janeiro’s slums, with the focus on the work of a male artist from Santa Teresa (an old neighbourhood, on the top tod a hill in the central region of the city, with great tourist appeal and strong contrast between mansions and one of the poorest and most violent communities of Rio). The main argument indicates that favela souvenirs generate income and jobs not only for craft workers, but indirectly for tourist guides, food services and other creative sectors connected to the favela tourism. When these souvenirs are original and truth-telling, they may stimulate a better perception of the favelas in tourists and consolidate them as tourist destinations, despite the aggravation of violence in many slums in Rio de Janeiro. Favela souvenirs also carry the memories of the city’s periphery, which is sometimes seen as secondary in Rio de Janeiro’s long-established tourist images and “generic souvenirs”. They offer greater visibility to the cultural production of marginalized social groups, which fuels potentially transformative views about the favelas and bring about the discussion on the lives of those who live in these areas. In the case of the work of the considered artist, it is possible to say that his paintings have elements of the “objective authenticity” of souvenirs, which contrast with a preconceived idea of an “imaginary favela” in his treatment of Santa Teresa’s poorest communities. However, there are some aspects of standardization in his pictorial production and simulation in the process of elaboration of the artist’s work during tourists’ visits to his studio.

scholarly journals Aksesibilitas Pada Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Swasta Di Kota Banjarmasin

MADRASAH ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-87
Author(s):  
Syarifah Salmah ◽  
Rahmad Rahmad
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Education ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Educational Facilities ◽  
Initial Information ◽  
Research Objects ◽  
Child Friendly ◽  
Conventional School ◽  
The Right ◽  
The City

Indonesia is one of the countries that respects the human rights of its citizens. Based on the fundamental constitutional mandate that education is the right of every citizen without exception, one of the indicators is that educational institutions must open opportunities for every citizen. This study aims to evaluate the existing educational facilities in the city of Banjarmasin, precisely some private Islamic Elementary School (MIS). The method in this research is descriptive qualitative. This method aims to describe the situation as a whole and thoroughly related to the selected object. The results of research related to accessibility for people with disabilities still cannot be seen in some of MIS choosen as the object of this study. The results of this study get the fact that all research objects are not friendly to people with dissabilities, such as conventional school steps. Even though the rule of laws is complete, but in fact, the implementation of these laws still encountered some problems until now.  Accessibility for disability is one indicator as a child-friendly school, so, hopefully this research will be a piece of initial information for stakeholders in the Ministry of Religion in improving the quality of essential Islamic education services.

scholarly journals Possibilities to Apply the Urban Acupuncture Concept in Kaunas: Social Aspect

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 18-27
Author(s):  
Aurelija Daugelaite ◽  
Indre Gražulevičiūte-Vileniške ◽  
Mantas Landauskas
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Public Art ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Street Art ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Ecological Design ◽  
Social Aspect ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The City

The concept of urban acupuncture, which has been gaining ground in recent decades, is based on the activation and revitalization of urban environments using small architectural or landscape architectural interventions in precise carefully selected locations of urban fabric. However, the rapid and unexpected design solutions of urban acupuncture, based on ecological design, nature dynamics, street art, material re-use, can cause different social and psychological reactions of urban population and these reactions may vary depending on cultural contexts. Consequently, in order to implement successful urban acupuncture projects in Lithuanian cities, it is very important to find out public opinion and priorities in the fields of public space management, aesthetics, and public art. The aim of the research was to analyze the opinion of Kaunas city residents regarding these issues. For this purpose, a sociological questionnaire survey was used. The questionnaire containing 20 questions was designed, with the aim to find out the trends of use of public spaces in the city, the attitudes of residents towards street art and other small-scale initiatives in public spaces implemented in the recent years, possibilities of creating landscape architecture based on ecological ideas in urban environment, the attitude of inhabitants towards community spaces and community space design in the city, etc. 100 residents of Kaunas participated in this online administered survey. The survey has demonstrated general positive attitude towards contemporary design trends of public spaces and public art; however, the surveyed population expressed preferences towards fully equipped public spaces offering possibilities for a wide range of activities.

scholarly journals The impact of service quality on the viability of start-up businesses

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 518-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeleke Worku
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Predictor Variables ◽  
Municipal Services ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

A 3-year long survey was conducted in the Tshwane geographical region of Gauteng Province in South Africa in order to identify and quantify key predictors of adequate municipal services that are routinely provided to customers who operate newly established small businesses in the City of Tshwane, Pretoria, South Africa. Data was collected by using a structured, pre-tested and validated questionnaire of study from a stratified random sample of size 1, 058 small businesses. The key objective of study was to assess the relationship between viability in small businesses and the provision of quality municipal services by the City of Tshwane. The study was conducted against the background of a high failure rate among newly established small businesses in the City of Tshwane. The study was conducted over a 3-year period (2012 to 2014). Data was collected monthly during the three-year period of study on socioeconomic variables that are known to affect the perception of business operators on the quality of municipal services to business operators and the general public. Statistical procedures such as cross-tab analyses, panel data analysis, Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithms and Bayesian methods were used for estimating parameters. The study showed that there was a significant association between positive perception of business operators on the quality of municipal services provided to them and viability of businesses. The results showed that 87% of viable businesses were satisfied with the quality of routine municipal services that were provided to them by the City of Tshwane. The corresponding figure for non-viable businesses was only 14%. The viability of businesses was significantly influenced by 3 predictor variables. These predictor variables were: lack of capacity for fulfilling the business and entrepreneurial needs of newly established businesses [Hazard Ratio = 3.58; P=0.000; 95% C. I. = (1.45, 5.46)], inappropriate policy [Hazard Ratio = 3.19; P=0.000; 95% C. I. = (1.39, 5.28)], and lack of tailor made training programmes directed at newly established small businesses [Hazard Ratio = 2.89; P=0.000; 95% C. I. = (1.24, 4.77)], in a decreasing order of strength. Similar findings were obtained from the analyses of in-depth interviews.

Supporting school leavers in areas of deprivation into initial positive leaver destinations

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen McKinney ◽  
Stuart Hall ◽  
Kevin Lowden ◽  
Michele McClung ◽  
Lauren Cameron
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Distributed Leadership ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Child Poverty ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
School Leaver ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The City ◽  
Detrimental Impact

The contemporary attempts to tackle poverty and child poverty in the United Kingdom have been seriously hindered by the effects of the economic crisis (Hirsch, 2008a; Mooney, 2011). The prevailing discourses of the recession and intergenerational poverty can lead to a view that the effects of child poverty and the consequent detrimental impact on school education and future prospects for some young people are intractable (Sinclair & McKendrick, 2009). There can be insufficient emphasis on the successful attempts, however fragile, to intervene in the cycle of deprivation. This article reports on research conducted in two contrasting groups of secondary schools in the city of Glasgow, located in areas of deprivation, as they work to secure initial positive school leaver destinations for young people. This small-scale case study highlights the importance of a strong leadership vision committed to initial positive school leaver destinations, but complemented by distributed leadership and support from external partners to enable sustained successes. It also highlights the importance of individual attention to all young people to support and motivate them and the effectiveness of intervention at an early stage.

Brooklyn's agrarian questions

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evan Weissman
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Urban Agriculture ◽  
Food Justice ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Food Network ◽  
Alternative Food Network ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

AbstractThroughout the USA, urban agriculture is expanding as a manifestation of an emerging American food politics. Through a case study of Brooklyn, New York, I used mixed qualitative research methods to investigate the political possibilities of urban agriculture for fostering food justice. My findings build on the existing alternative food network (AFN) literature by indicating that problematic contradictions rooted in the neoliberalization of urban agriculture limit the transformative possibilities of farming the city as currently practiced in Brooklyn. I suggest that longstanding agrarian questions—concerns over the relationship between agriculture and capitalism and the politics of small-scale producers—are informative for critical interrogation of urban agriculture as a politicization of food.

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