scholarly journals PEMBENTUKAN RUANG KOLEKTIF SEBAGAI LANSKAP KREATIF MASYARAKAT KAMPUNG KOTA DI KEBON KACANG

Author(s):  
Nathanael Hanli ◽  
Fermanto Lianto

The turn of the 21st century saw a transformation in urban society as the abundance of  physical resources no longer serves as the sole determinant of a city’s economic development, rather it is the human capital and the ideas produced which generate growth through the creative economy sector. The image of a city, engraved by diversity and distinctive local identity, engage with individuals from various communities, establishing a creative landscape as a third place where interaction between members of the creative class occurs. The neighbourhood of Kebon Kacang is known as a residential area which embraces the city-village typology (first place). Located next to the central business district and economic center of the city (second place), its inhabitants are forced to occupy negative spaces left in between the high density area of downtown Jakarta, such as sidewalks and empty lot, and overhauling them in a temporal and spontaneous manner into informal third places. Aside as a social space for the local residents, the informal third place of Kebon Kacang also function as a production house for a variety of local products, ranging from staple dishes to small scale textile industry. Through the synthesis process consisting of field observation and literature study regarding the formation of social space in urban kampung, the informal quality attributed to the creative landscape of Kebon Kacang serves as a foundation in the planning and design process of Kebon Kacang Collective Space. AbstrakAbad ke-21 menjadi saksi atas transformasi perekonomian masyarakat kota di mana perkembangan suatu kawasan tak lagi ditentukan oleh keberadaan sumber daya fisik semata, melainkan juga ide dan pemikiran manusia sebagai katalis perkembangan ekonomi kreatif. Diversitas serta identitas yang membentuk citra suatu kawasan mengundang hadirnya individu dari berbagai komunitas yang berbeda, menciptakan lanskap kreatif sebagai third place di mana masyarakat kreatif dapat berinteraksi satu sama lain dan saling bertukar pikiran. Kelurahan Kebon Kacang sebagai permukiman kampung kota (first place) yang berbatasan dengan sentra bisnis dan perekonomian kota (second place) berkepadatan tinggi mendorong pemanfaatan ruang-ruang antara yang tersisa seperti bahu jalan dan lahan kosong sebagai third place bersifat informal yang diisi secara cair dan temporal oleh masyarakatnya, menjadikannya tak hanya sebagai wadah interaksi melainkan juga sarana berkreasi yang menghasilkan produk-produk lokal seperti kuliner hingga industri tekstil skala kecil. Melalui investigasi kawasan yang didasari oleh dua metode utama, yakni observasi lapangan dan kajian pustaka terhadap pembentukan ruang sosial di kampung kota sebagai third place, potensi karakteristik informal dalam pembentukan ruang antara sebagai lanskap kreatif di kawasan Kebon Kacang pun diangkat sebagai gagasan dalam perencanaan dan perancangan Ruang Kolektif Kebon Kacang yang bertujuan menghadirkan  third place sebagai wadah interaksi, kreasi, dan promosi bagi seluruh lapisan masyarakat di Kelurahan Kebon Kacang.

Author(s):  
Veren Calisca ◽  
Fermanto Lianto

Social space as a whole is defined not only through its physical aspect, but also the intangible culture and tradition of its people. The non-physical aspect is commonly known as Genius Loci or sense of place which is distinctive and unique in each different places. The identity of Genius Loci covers the groundwork principle of creating place as a meeting point for the creative class where they could interact with each other to generate ideas collectively as the foundation of creative economy, generating the development of an urban area. Space is surrounded by high density building in Pasar Baru area, which left the remaining negative space as third place.  Pasar Baru is one of the districts in Jakarta with such diversed cultural identity which is one of the main principle in creating the creative place. Unfortunately, the district’s popularity as one of the main shopping area in Jakarta had faded due to the significant growth of shopping malls as new economic centres of the city. Design is created based on observation method through activity sequence of Pasar Baru citizen and literature research of social space as third place. Through the presence of cultural diversity such as festivals, staple culinary, ethnicity, creative products, to architectural style, it is hoped to aid in revitalizing Pasar Baru not only as a shopping distric but as a creative economy hub as well through Socail Linkage of Pasar Baru Diversity as a third place.AbstrakRuang sosial tidak hanya sekedar terbentuk oleh aspek fisik belaka, namun juga memiliki aspek-aspek non-fisik yang terbentuk oleh aspek-aspek budaya dan keseharian masyarakatnya. Aspek non fisik tersebut dikenal sebagai Genius Loci atau Sense of Place yang bersifat unik di setiap kawasan yang berbeda. Identitas dari Sense of Place tersebut mengandung prinsip-prinsip pada pembentukan place sebagai tempat berkumpul masyarakat kreatif dimana mereka tak hanya bersosialisasi namun juga saling bertukar ide sebagai sumber daya ekonomi kreatif yang menjadi landasan perkembangan dari suatu kota. Namun, ruang-ruang yang terbentuk hanya menyisakan ruang sisa sebagai tempat berkumpul di antara padatnya bangunan. Ruang ketiga yang hadirpun terletak jauh dari jangkauan masyarakat lokal. Kawasan Pasar Baru merupakan salah satu lokasi di Jakarta dengan diversitas yang tinggi sebagai salah satu syarat terbentuknya creative place. Sebagai salah satu pusat ekonomi Jakarta, Pasar Baru kini telah kalah populer dengan pusat perbelanjaan modern. Kurangnya wadah bagi kegiatan kreatif masyarakat juga menghambat perkembangan ekonomi yang kini berfokus pada kreatitas. Melalui metode observasi terhadap sekuen aktifitas pelaku kegiatan di kawasan Pasar Baru serta literatur ruang sosial sebagai third place, maka ditransformasikan desain yang mencirikan keberagaman melalui Ruang Rajutan Keberagaman Masyarakat Pasar Baru sebagai sentra ekonomi yang berbasis kreatifitas masyarakat selaku third place bagi kawasan Pasar Baru.


2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Masyhuri Machfudz ◽  
Nahdhiatun Kamila

The research aims to describe Qardhul Hasan financing and recognize the problems faced in micro businesses in the city of Malang. The study was conducted on two research objects. The first study was on a used motorcycle dealer business that received Qardhul Hasan during the 2016-2018 period. The second study in 2019, was the implementation of Qardhul Hasan in small-scale creative economy traders, whose source of funding came from 2.5 percent of profits from used motorcycle dealers. The results showed that the implementation of Qardhul Hasan financing was quite profitable. Qardhul Hasan who is allocated to the creative economy group indicates a feeling of happiness and calm because loan repayments are not burdened with costs, besides having flexibility from the time of repayment. Economic actors managed to collect savings from repaying loan installments. Qardhul Hasan funding received a reasonably good response from economic actors. Qardhul Hasan loan recipients should be able to maintain trust and uphold the agreements that have been built. This study has implications for the development of Qardhul Hasan, namely strengthening the concept of Qardhul Hasan as loan financing, and strengthening groups for small businesses to run the Qardhul Hasan management mechanism JEL Classification:  D14, Q21, G51


Author(s):  
Cindy Herlim Santosa ◽  
Sidhi Wiguna Teh

Jakarta is the second most populous city in the world with a population density of 10 million people in 2017. Density causes rapid development in the Jakarta area without any planning. The development that occurs makes the boundaries between office zoning located in the downtown area and residential zones located on the edge of the city. The zones formed have resulted in increased mobility that can be seen from vehicle ownership, transportation modes, and traffic congestion in Jakarta. Charles Montgomery in the book Happy City said that high congestion causes a decline in health that occurs due to stress for the community of public transportation modes. One way to reduce stress is to socialize according to Adhiatma and Christianto (2019). Third Place or social space becomes a solution for socializing for the public transportation community. The Third Place concept can be felt more by the public transportation community, where they can feel the difference between the housing zone and the office zone. The transit or transit place that is formed will be a social space that is used without differentiating social status. One of them is the transit facility located in Rawa Buaya. The Rawa Buaya transit facility is designed using qualitative data collection techniques and cross programming in design planning. The method used produces three main programs that emphasize service, entertainment and commercial functions, which shape social interaction, gathering space, and space for interaction between Rawa Buaya bus terminal communities. AbstrakJakarta merupakan kota kedua terpadat di dunia dengan kepadatan penduduk mencapai 10 juta jiwa pada tahun 2017. Kepadatan menimbulkan perkembangan yang cepat di wilayah Jakarta tanpa adanya perencanaan. Perkembangan yang terjadi membuat batasan antar zonasi perkantoran yang berada di daerah pusat kota dan zona hunian yang berada di pinggir kota. Zona yang terbentuk mengakibatkan peningkatan pergerakan mobilitas yang dapat dilihat dari kepemilikan kendaraan, pengguna moda transportasi, dan kemacetan yang terjadi di Jakarta. Charles Montgomery dalam buku Happy City mengatakan mengenai kemacetan yang tinggi menimbulkan penurunan kesehatan yang terjadi akibat stress bagi kaum komunitas moda transportasi umum. Salah satu cara mengurangi stress adalah dengan bersosialisasi menurut Adhiatma dan Christianto (2019). Third Place atau ruang sosial menjadi solusi untuk bersosialisasi bagi komunitas transportasi umum. Konsep Third Place dapat lebih dirasakan oleh komunitas transportasi umum, dimana mereka dapat merasakan perbedaan zona perumahan dengan zona perkantoran. Tempat transit atau tempat singgah yang terbentuk akan menjadi ruang sosial yang digunakan tanpa membedakan status sosial. Salah satunya fasilitas transit yang berada di Rawa Buaya. Fasilitas transit Rawa Buaya dirancang dengan menggunakan teknik pengumulan data kualitatif dan cross-programming dalam perencanaan perancangan. Metode yang digunakan menghasilkan tiga program utama yang menekankan pada fungsi pelayanan, hiburan, dan komersil, yang membentuk interaksi sosial, ruang berkumpul, dan ruang untuk berinteraksi antar komunitas terminal bus Rawa Buaya.


Author(s):  
Octaviani Morgalita ◽  
Agustinus Sutanto

With the rising of number of population and its business, transportation and mobility also rises. Jakarta has the highest number of vehicles and the most polluted metropolitan , as the main problem for Jakarta is the degradation of the environment quality caused by air pollution. Beside poor air quality also affects the physical quality and the population’s psychic which are lung problems, and chronic stress. So, an in-between space is needed as a neutralizer with the purpose of balancing the thinking patters and human health. This neutralizer could be achieved with Matraman Vertical Park. With a total area of about 5.000 m², this place gives humans to “Stop” and “Think” and react positively about the surrounding environment. The site is located between the borders of Jakarta Pusat and Jakarta Timur, specifically, at the intersection of Jl. Salemba Raya and Jl. Pramuka Raya. Matraman Vertical Park is an botanical–garden-integrated public and social space which reacts to the degradation of environment quality in Jakarta. Matraman Vertical Park applies the concept of Third Place which gives human the space to socialize and provide an entertainment that contribute positively to the city environment. The program of this building is open to public and with a purpose for the development of human and the environment. An Interaction space is presented with the concept of morphosis environment to the building’s spaction for visitors. Abstrak Aktivitas transportasi dan mobilitas terus bertambah seiring dengan meningkatnya kesibukan dan pertumbuhan penduduk di kota Jakarta. Kota Jakarta merupakan kota metropolitan dengan jumlah kendaraan dan polusi udara yang tinggi, sehingga permasalahan utama yang timbul adalah penurunan degradasi kualitas lingkungan akibat pencemaran udara. Selain kualitas udara yang buruk juga berdampak pada kualitas fisik dan psikis penduduk yaitu berdampak pada gangguan paru – paru dan chronic stress. Maka dibutuhkannya sebuah ruang antara yang menjadi penetralisir dengan tujuan menyeimbangkan pola pikir dan kesehatan jasmani bagi manusia. Hal tersebut direalisasikan dengan dibuatnya bangunan “Matraman Vertical Park”, dengan luas ± 5.000 m² yang memberikan wadah bagi manusia untuk “Stop” dan “Think”, serta memberikan reaksi positif terhadap lingkungan sekitar. Lokasi bangunan berada di perbatasan antara Jakarta Pusat dan Jakarta Timur yang terletak di persimpangan Jalan Salemba Raya dan Jalan Pramuka Raya. Matraman Vertical Park merupakan ruang publik dan sosial berintegrasi dengan botanical garden yang menjawab dan memperbaiki isu penuruan kualitas lingkungan di kota Jakarta. Matraman Vertical Park menggunakan konsep Third Place yang menyediakan ruang bagi manusia untuk bersosialisasi dan memberikan penghiburan yang berkontribusi positif terhadap lingkungan perkotaan. Di dalam bangunan ini terdapat program yang cenderung ditujukan untuk public dan perkembangan bagi manusia maupun lingkungan, dengan konsep morphosis environment pada tata ruang yang menghadirkan interaction space bagi pengunjung kepada lingkungan sekitar.


2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Efi Yulistyowati ◽  
Endah Pujiastuti

<p align="center">ABSTRAK</p><p>Artikel hasil penelitian tentang kajian normatif keberadaan toko modern di Kota Semarang akan mengkaji mengenai keberadaan toko modern di Kota Semarang apakah sudah  memenuhi ketentuan dalam Peraturan Presiden Nomor 112 Tahun 2007. Untuk membahas permasalahan tersebut, metode pendekatan yang dipakai adalah yuridis normatif, dengan spesifikasi penelitian deskriptif analitis, metode pengumpulan datanya : studi dokumentasi dan studi kepustakaan, sedangkan metode analisis data yang dipergunakan adalah analisis kualitatif.</p><p>Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa  keberadaan toko modern di Kota Semarang sudah memenuhi beberapa ketentuan yang ada dalam Peraturan Presiden Nomor 112 Tahun 2007, yang belum terpenuhi adalah : ketentuan Pasal 13  &amp; Pasal 15 Peraturan Presiden Nomor 112 Tahun 2007.</p><p><em>Articles of research on the normative study of the existence of modern stores in the city of Semarang will examine the existence of modern stores in the city of Semarang whether they have fulfilled the provisions in Presidential Regulation No. 112 of 2007. To discuss these problems, the approach method used is normative juridical, with the specifications of analytical descriptive research, data collection methods: documentation and literature study, while the data analysis method used is qualitative analysis.</em></p><p><em>            </em><em>The results of the study show that the existence of a modern shop in Semarang City has fulfilled several provisions in the Presidential Regulation Number 112 of 2007, which has not been fulfilled are:</em></p><p><em>p</em><em>rovisions in Article 13 </em><em>and p</em><em>rovisions Article 15</em><em> </em><em>of the Presidential Regulation Number 112 of 2007</em><em>.</em><em></em></p><p><em>Keywords: Study, Normative, Modern Shop, Semarang City.</em><em></em></p><p> </p>


2021 ◽  
pp. 152808372110242
Author(s):  
Kadir Bilisik ◽  
Mahmuda Akter

In this paper, graphene, graphene/matrix, and graphene/fiber nanocomposites, including their synthesis process, fabrication, properties, and potential applications, were reviewed. It was found that several synthesis techniques for nanographene were developed, such as liquid-phase exfoliation and chemical vapor deposition. In addition, some fabrication processes of graphene/matrix and graphene/fiber-based nanocomposites were made, including in-situ polymerization, nanostitching in that single layer nano graphene plate could be interconnected by means of carbon nanotube stitching, resin transfer molding, and vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding. Several properties, including mechanical, thermal, and electrical, on the graphene nanoplatelets materials were summarized in this review paper. It was realized that graphene, graphene/matrix, and graphene/fiber nanocomposites have extraordinary mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties used in advanced engineering applications, including soft robotics, microelectronics, energy storage, biomedical and biosensors as well as textile industry.


Information ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Jiazhen Zhang ◽  
Jeremy Cenci ◽  
Vincent Becue ◽  
Sesil Koutra

Industrial heritage reflects the development track of human production activities and witnessed the rise and fall of industrial civilization. As one of the earliest countries in the world to start the Industrial Revolution, Belgium has a rich industrial history. Over the past years, a set of industrial heritage renewal projects have emerged in Belgium in the process of urban regeneration. In this paper, we introduce the basic contents of the related terms of industrial heritage, examine the overall situation of protection and renewal in Belgium. The industrial heritage in Belgium shows its regional characteristics, each region has its representative industrial heritage types. In the Walloon region, it is the heavy industry. In Flanders, it is the textile industry. In Brussels, it is the service industry. The kinds of industrial heritages in Belgium are coordinate with each other. Industrial heritage tourism is developed, especially on eco-tourism, experience tourism. The industrial heritage in transportation and mining are the representative industrial heritages in Belgium. There are a set of numbers industrial heritages are still in running based on a successful reconstruction into industrial tourism projects. Due to the advanced experience in dealing with industrial heritage, the industrial heritage and the city live together harmoniously.


Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Said Munir ◽  
Martin Mayfield ◽  
Daniel Coca

Small-scale spatial variability in NO2 concentrations is analysed with the help of pollution maps. Maps of NO2 estimated by the Airviro dispersion model and land use regression (LUR) model are fused with measured NO2 concentrations from low-cost sensors (LCS), reference sensors and diffusion tubes. In this study, geostatistical universal kriging was employed for fusing (integrating) model estimations with measured NO2 concentrations. The results showed that the data fusion approach was capable of estimating realistic NO2 concentration maps that inherited spatial patterns of the pollutant from the model estimations and adjusted the modelled values using the measured concentrations. Maps produced by the fusion of NO2-LCS with NO2-LUR produced better results, with r-value 0.96 and RMSE 9.09. Data fusion adds value to both measured and estimated concentrations: the measured data are improved by predicting spatiotemporal gaps, whereas the modelled data are improved by constraining them with observed data. Hotspots of NO2 were shown in the city centre, eastern parts of the city towards the motorway (M1) and on some major roads. Air quality standards were exceeded at several locations in Sheffield, where annual mean NO2 levels were higher than 40 µg/m3. Road traffic was considered to be the dominant emission source of NO2 in Sheffield.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 5033
Author(s):  
Linda Novosadová ◽  
Wim van der Knaap

The present research offers an exploration into the biophilic approach and the role of its agents in urban planning in questions of building a green, resilient urban environment. Biophilia, the innate need of humans to connect with nature, coined by Edgar O. Wilson in 1984, is a concept that has been used in urban governance through institutions, agents’ behaviours, activities and systems to make the environment nature-inclusive. Therefore, it leads to green, resilient environments and to making cities more sustainable. Due to an increasing population, space within and around cities keeps on being urbanised, replacing natural land cover with concrete surfaces. These changes to land use influence and stress the environment, its components, and consequently impact the overall resilience of the space. To understand the interactions and address the adverse impacts these changes might have, it is necessary to identify and define the environment’s components: the institutions, systems, and agents. This paper exemplifies the biophilic approach through a case study in the city of Birmingham, United Kingdom and its biophilic agents. Using the categorisation of agents, the data obtained through in-situ interviews with local professionals provided details on the agent fabric and their dynamics with the other two environments’ components within the climate resilience framework. The qualitative analysis demonstrates the ways biophilic agents act upon and interact within the environment in the realm of urban planning and influence building a climate-resilient city. Their activities range from small-scale community projects for improving their neighbourhood to public administration programs focusing on regenerating and regreening the city. From individuals advocating for and educating on biophilic approach, to private organisations challenging the business-as-usual regulations, it appeared that in Birmingham the biophilic approach has found its representatives in every agent category. Overall, the activities they perform in the environment define their role in building resilience. Nonetheless, the role of biophilic agents appears to be one of the major challengers to the urban design’s status quo and the business-as-usual of urban governance. Researching the environment, focused on agents and their behaviour and activities based on nature as inspiration in addressing climate change on a city level, is an opposite approach to searching and addressing the negative impacts of human activity on the environment. This focus can provide visibility of the local human activities that enhance resilience, while these are becoming a valuable input to city governance and planning, with the potential of scaling it up to other cities and on to regional, national, and global levels.


2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulla ◽  
Shiv Kumar

Purpose This paper aims to examine technical efficiency and its determinants in Indian textile garments industry in post-agreement on textiles and clothing regime and evaluate the technical efficiency among micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) firms. Design/methodology/approach This study uses unbalanced panel data for the period 2005–2010 to 2015–2016. The stochastic frontier function is used to estimate technical efficiency and its determinants. Findings The results show that the overall ecosystem of textile garments’ value chains could be improved to enhance the technical efficiency thereof. The result also reveals that small-scale firms have the highest technical efficiency scores, and medium-scale firms have the least technical efficiency score among all the categories of MSMEs. Research limitations/implications The textile garments industry needs to define its innovation strategies, as these strategies lead to different results that can be achieved only through the management of resources dedicated to the generation and implementation of innovations. Practical implications This study has shown that to offset India’s cost disadvantage in the international markets, there is a need to develop an ecosystem of textile manufacturing and value chains, eliminate the inverted duty structure (where inputs are taxed at a higher rate than the final product) and switch over from shuttle looms toward shuttle-less looms. This would unleash the potential of textile and garments industry and make it globally competitive and technically efficient. Further, there will be an alignment with the ease of doing business with an appropriate mix of policy, technology, institution, infrastructure, information and services. Originality/value Using frontier production function takes stochastic context into account for the dynamic character of technical efficiency and its components. Most of the past studies have assessed technical efficiency at the aggregate level using three-digit National Industrial Classification (NIC) or four-digit NIC code. An analysis at higher levels of aggregation masks the variation in technical efficiency. This study used five-digit NIC data to measure the firm-specific technical efficiency of the textile industry. According to the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first of its kind in the Indian textile industry using stochastic frontier approach and panel data. Further, it also looks at the contribution of different determinants in technical efficiency to the firms.


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