scholarly journals Evaluation of hydrologic simulation models for fields with subsurface drainage to mitigated wetlands in Barnes, Dickey, and Sargent Counties, North Dakota

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel M. Galloway ◽  
Wyatt S. Tatge ◽  
Spencer L. Wheeling
Keyword(s):  
North Dakota ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Subsurface Drainage ◽  
Hydrologic Simulation ◽  
Mitigated Wetlands

Effects of Subsurface Drainage on Evapotranspiration for Corn and Soybean Crops in Southeastern North Dakota

2012 ◽  
Vol 138 (12) ◽  
pp. 1060-1067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ishara Rijal ◽  
Xinhua Jia ◽  
Xiaodong Zhang ◽  
Dean D. Steele ◽  
Thomas F. Scherer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Dakota ◽  
Subsurface Drainage

scholarly journals Prairie Pothole Region Wetlands and Subsurface Drainage Systems: Key Factors for Determining Drainage Setback Distances

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 274-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian A. Tangen ◽  
Mark T. Wiltermuth
Keyword(s):  
North Dakota ◽  
Prairie Pothole Region ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Wetland Hydrology ◽  
Subsurface Drainage ◽  
Conservation Easements ◽  
Prairie Pothole ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Drainage Systems ◽  
Fish And Wildlife Service

Abstract Use of agricultural subsurface drainage systems in the Prairie Pothole Region of North America continues to increase, prompting concerns over potential negative effects to the Region's vital wetlands. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service protects a large number of wetlands through conservation easements that often utilize standard lateral setback distances to provide buffers between wetlands and drainage systems. Because of a lack of information pertaining to the efficacy of these setback distances for protecting wetlands, information is required to support the decision making for placement of subsurface drainage systems adjacent to wetlands. We used qualitative graphical analyses and data comparisons to identify characteristics of subsurface drainage systems and wetland catchments that could be considered when assessing setback distances. We also compared setback distances with catchment slope lengths to determine if they typically exclude drainage systems from the catchment. We demonstrated that depth of a subsurface drainage system is a key factor for determining drainage setback distances. Drainage systems located closer to the surface (shallow) typically could be associated with shorter lateral setback distances compared with deeper systems. Subsurface drainage systems would be allowed within a wetland's catchment for 44–59% of catchments associated with wetland conservation easements in North Dakota. More specifically, results suggest that drainage setback distances generally would exclude drainage systems from catchments of the smaller wetlands that typically have shorter slopes in the adjacent upland contributing area. For larger wetlands, however, considerable areas of the catchment would be vulnerable to drainage that may affect wetland hydrology. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service easements are associated with > 2,000 km2 of wetlands in North Dakota, demonstrating great potential to protect these systems from drainage depending on policies for installing subsurface drainage systems on these lands. The length of slope of individual catchments and depth of subsurface drainage systems could be considered when prescribing drainage setback distances and assessing potential effects to wetland hydrology. Moreover, because of uncertainties associated with the efficacy of standard drainage setback distances, exclusion of subsurface drainage systems from wetland catchments would be ideal when the goal is to protect wetlands.

scholarly journals Conceptual Microarchitectures for Hydrologic Simulation Models

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Urciuolo ◽  
Iturraspe Rodolfo ◽  
Ariel Parson
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Hydrologic Simulation ◽  
Hydrologic Models ◽  
Systems Architecture ◽  
Environmental Information Systems ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Information Systems Architecture ◽  
High Level

Mathmatical Hydrologic models simulate real world environmental processes through different strategies. Each process is calculated by means of methods that utilize physical parameters for representing the real world system. some parameters are obtained from tables, some of them are optimized and others may be calculated using environmental variables. Although the domain software provides a wide range of models, there is not a conceptual architecture that allows the maintenance of the vast knowledge about simulation strategies and parameters collected in environmental management organizations, facilitating the flexible simulation scenarios configuration. The present work shows how to face this problem by means of conceptual analysis models organized in the scope of a general architecture.It's also possible for the given architecture, to analyze and define microarchitectures for software components releated to particular problems.In the present work, conceptual microarchitectures are definesd to construct a knowlegde level for hydrologic models systems starting from a general conceptual Environmental Information Systems architecture. To get the required flexibility for the conceptual and design models, high-level components are identified and different kinds of patterns are applied. 

scholarly journals PENGGUNAAN MODEL DINAMIK DALAM PENENTUAN PRIORITAS KONSERVASI AIR TANAH DI KABUPATEN BANTUL = Dynamic Model Application to Determine Ground Water Conservation Priorities in Bantul District

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Setyawan Purnama
Keyword(s):  
Water Conservation ◽  
Dynamic Models ◽  
Model Simulation ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Conservation Priorities ◽  
Hydrologic Simulation ◽  
Groundwater Availability ◽  
Behavior Simulation ◽  
Policy Priority

Recently, problem related to water resources, especially groundwater is more complex. Basically there are three problems related to groundwater resources i.e. quantity, quality and its distribution (spatially or temporary). Conservation is needed to be done to keep its sustainability. Base on this background, the objectives of the research is (1) to build groundwater conservation model, (2) to analyse theperfomance of model in various physical and social-economic condition and (3) to determine policy priority of groundwater resources conservation. Calculation of groundwater availability, safe yield,and its usage for domestic, industry, hotels and poultry are carried out to achieve these objectives. Powersim 2,5c. programme is used as model simulation. As a result, it is known that dynamic modelwith Powersim 2,5c. programme can be used to do hydrologic simulation models, especially in groundwater conservation models. Base on model behavior simulation, it is known that decreasing ofland conversion to settlement can be preserved decreasing of groundwater recharge and decreasing of groundwater storage significantly. Moreover, because of its hydrologic system, the decreasing of land conservation do not just be done in Bantul District, but also in Sleman and Jogjakarta City. Besides decreasing of land conversion, the policy that can be done to conservate groundwater is by decreasing water consumption. Keywords : dynamic models, groundwater conservation, Bantul DistrictAbstrakSaat ini, permasalahan yang berkaitan dengan sumberdaya air, khususnya sumberdaya air tanah semakin kompleks. Pada dasarnya ada tiga masalah dalam kaitannya dengan sumberdaya ini,yaitu masalah kuantitas, kualitas dan masalah distribusi, baik secara keruangan maupun waktu. Upaya konservasi perlu sedini mungkin dilakukan terhadap keberadaan sumberdaya ini agar keberlanjutannya dapat terjaga. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (1) membuat model konservasi air tanah di daerah penelitian. (2) mengetahui perilaku model pada berbagai kondisi fisik dan sosial ekonomi dan (3) merumuskan prioritas kebijakan konservasi sumberdaya air tanah di daerah penelitian yang sesuai dengan karakteristik daerah. Untuk mencapai tujuan ini dilakukan perhitungan ketersediaan air tanah dan hasil aman dengan metode statik dan perhitungan kebutuhan air untukkeperluan domestik, industri, perhotelan dan peternakan. Untuk melakukan simulasi pemodelan digunakan Program Powersim 2,5c. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model dinamik denganmenggunakan Program Powersim 2,5c dapat digunakan untuk melakukan simulasi model hidrologi, khususnya model konservasi air tanah. Berdasarkan hasil simulasi model, diketahui bahwa denganmengurangi laju konversi lahan menjadi permukiman, dapat mempertahankan pengurangan imbuh air tanah dan mengurangi laju pengurangan jumlah air tanah tersimpan secara signifikan.Pengurangan laju konversi lahan bukan hanya dilakukan di wilayah Kabupaten Bantul, namun dilakukan secara terpadu untuk seluruh Sistem Akuifer Merapi yang juga meliputi Kabupaten Slemandan Kota Yogyakarta. Selain dengan mengurangi konversi lahan, kebijakan yang dapat dilakukan dalam konservasi air tanah di Kabupaten Bantul, adalah dengan gerakan hemat air.Kata kunci : model dinamik, konservasi air tanah, Kabupaten Bantul

scholarly journals Estimating the Uncertainty in Spatial Estimates of Areal Snow Water Equivalent

1996 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 295-312
Author(s):  
Steven S. Carroll
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Snow Water Equivalent ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hydrologic Simulation ◽  
National Weather Service ◽  
The West ◽  
Snow Water ◽  
Snow Model ◽  
Weather Service

With the increased demand for water in the United States, particularly in the West, it is essential that water resources be accurately monitored. Consequently, the National Weather Service (NWS) maintains a set of conceptual, continuous, hydrologic simulation models used to generate extended streamflow predictions, water supply outlooks, and flood forecasts. A vital component of the hydrologic simulation models is a snow accumulation and ablation model that uses observed temperature and precipitation date to simulate snow cover conditions. The simulated model states are updated throughout the snow season using snow water equivalent estimates (estimates of the water content of snowpack) obtained from airborne and ground-based snow water equivalent data. The National Weather Service has developed a spatial geostatistical model to estimate the areal snow water equivalent in a river basin. The estimates, which are obtained for river basins throughout the West, are used to update the snow model. To facilitate accurate updating of the simulated snow water equivalent estimates generated by the snow model, it is necessary to incorporate measures of uncertainty of the areal snow water equivalent estimates. In this research, we derive the expression for the mean-squared prediction error of the areal snow water equivalent estimate and illustrate the methodology with an example from the Upper Colorado River basin.

Evapotranspiration Mapping with METRIC to Evaluate Effectiveness of Irrigation in Flood Mitigation for the Devils Lake Basin

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 1575-1591
Author(s):  
Hakan Büyükcangaz ◽  
Dean D. Steele ◽  
Sheldon R. Tuscherer ◽  
David G. Hopkins ◽  
Xinhua Jia
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
North Dakota ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Subsurface Drainage ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Flood Mitigation ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Lake Basin ◽  
Devils Lake ◽  
Land Use Maps

Abstract. A period of excess precipitation since 1993 in the Devils Lake basin in northeastern North Dakota has caused extensive flooding of agricultural land and has raised the question of whether irrigation of agricultural crops to increase evapotranspiration (ET) might be an effective way to remove water from the basin. The objectives of this study were to compare ET estimates derived from application of the Mapping ET at High Resolution with Internalized Calibration (METRIC) algorithm for North Dakota conditions (METRICND) under irrigated and rainfed conditions and to assess the potential for irrigation to increase crop ET as a flood mitigation strategy. Weather data, land use maps, and Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper imagery from 2006, 2007, and 2008 were used as inputs to the METRICND model. The ET for irrigated crops (ETIrrigated) was estimated at five test sites from the Devils Lake Basin Water Utilization Test Project (DLBWUTP). The ET for the predominantly rainfed study area (ETRainfed) was estimated using land use maps to identify locations of the same crops as were present on the test sites. The METRICND model was compared to ET values derived from an eddy covariance (EC) system for approximately two months in 2007 at an irrigated alfalfa test site in the DLBWUTP; the mean absolute error between METRICND and the EC system for the comparison period was 0.51 mm d-1. Linear regression of ET (in mm) for the test sites and the larger study area yielded ETIrrigated = 1.23 × ETRainfed + 4.77 with R2 = 0.96, and a t-statistic indicated that the slope was greater than 0 at p = 0.001, indicating the potential for increased ET under irrigation. However, addition of large volumes of irrigation water to the predominantly poorly drained soils in the basin will cause waterlogging and trafficability problems. Installation of subsurface drainage may help alleviate waterlogging, improve crop productivity, and increase ET, but subsurface drainage brings its own complications of disposal of the drained water, salinity of the drainage effluent, and possible sodicity problems on some soils. Keywords: Drainage, Evapotranspiration mapping, Irrigation, METRIC, Landsat 5, Remote sensing, Satellite imagery, SEBAL.

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