A Study on Factors Affecting Wages and Job Satisfactions of Vocational High School Graduates after 10 Years from Graduation

This dissertation studies the effects of parents' resources on children's labor market outcomes in Korea. The educational structure in Korea has changed substantially with rapid economic growth over the last several decades. There is a substantial difference between parents and children's average educational attainment. Because of economic development and schooling difference between parents and children, the intergenerational transmission of economic status may show different patterns than in developed countries. In addition, parents' health problems may play a role to limit children's educational attainment by reducing parenting quality during early childhood or adolescent periods. The dissertation estimates various causal channels of parents' economic resources to children. The dissertation consists of three chapters. In Chapter 1, I investigate the intergenerational relationship of earnings and education in Korea with particular attention to the trajectories of vocational and academic high school graduates. I estimate that the intergenerational earnings elasticity in Korea is 0.4, which is consistent with previous studies. When educational attainment of fathers and child are controlled, parental earnings are positively associated with children's earnings, although the association decreases to 0.08 (0.10) for sons (daughters). Sons whose fathers completed only a vocational high school degree have a greater chance of attending college than sons whose fathers completed only an academic high school degree. A college degree of a father helps children to have higher earnings and to increase their chance of attending and graduating from college. Father's education has a stronger impact on children's earnings when children's educational attainment is higher. A vocational high school degree reduces a child's probability of attending and completing college compared to academic high school graduates. However, notwithstanding this educational disadvantage, vocational graduates do not appear to suffer substantially in terms of expected earnings, relative to academic high school graduates. In the second chapter, I estimate the average causal effects of parents' educational attainment on the educational attainment of children in Korea using a new method, the nonparametric bounds approach. This approach does not require the assumption of homogeneous and linear effects of parental schooling. It also uses relatively weaker assumptions, monotone treatment response and monotone treatment selection, than assumption underlying other methods and is more amenable to testing. With the additional assumption of monotone instrumental variables, it provides the tightest bounds on the average treatment effects (ATE) that an increase in parents' education increases children's educational success. It also shows the effects are overestimated in simple regression models. The third chapter examines the effects of parental health on children's educational attainment. Parental illness changes parenting quality both by affecting family wealth and in other ways that influence children's labor market outcomes. Parental health problems can especially have relatively larger impacts on children's education when children are in either primary or secondary education than other periods. Longitudinal data from the Korean Labor Income Panel Survey, for the period 1998 - 2018, enables me to examine parental illness effects in the early childhood and adolescent period on ultimate educational achievement. Empirical application in this paper pays attention to situations that each parent's either unexpected or chronic health problems change children's human capital.

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Factors Affecting the Proportion of High School Graduates Who Enter College

The bulletin of the National Association of Secondary School Principals ◽

10.1177/019263655403820502 ◽

1954 ◽

Vol 38 (205) ◽

pp. 6-27 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Harold H. Punke

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

High School Graduates ◽

Factors Affecting

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Optimizing Workforce Absorption of Vocational High School Graduates to Prepare for the Era of Industrial Revolution 4.0

MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN ◽

10.17509/mimbardik.v4i2.22203 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 127-142

Author(s):

Novrian Satria Perdana

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

Industrial Revolution ◽

High School Graduates ◽

Policy Research ◽

Primary Data ◽

Vocational Schools ◽

Vocational High School ◽

Research Education ◽

Primary Data Analysis ◽

Vocational Courses

ABSTRACT: Vocational School is one of the educational unit level institutions, whose role is to create qualified and competent human resources in their fields for the needs of the business and industry. Unfortunately, the needs of the business and industry for a competent workforce still cannot be met, because the quality of the existing Vocational Schools is still lacking. The purpose of this study is to analyze the optimization of the absorption of vocational graduates needed by the business and industry world in an effort to achieve a balance of the labour market in the era of industrial revolution 4.0. This study was using a qualitative approach with secondary and primary data analysis methods. This research was conducted in East Java Province in 2018, by holding discussions with Vocational Schools, Companies, and the East Java Provincial Education Office. The results of this study are required for the integration process of the three educational institutions (vocational, courses, and training), which organize vocational education into three things, namely: sharing resources; integrating the learning process; and equalizing minimum service standards.KEY WORD: Vocational; Labour; Industrial Revolution 4.0. ABSTRAKSI: “Mengoptimalkan Penyerapan Tenaga Kerja Lulusan Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan untuk Mempersiapkan Era Revolusi Industri 4.0”. Sekolah Kejuruan adalah salah satu lembaga tingkat unit pendidikan yang berperan untuk menciptakan sumber daya manusia yang berkualitas dan kompeten di bidangnya untuk kebutuhan bisnis dan industri. Sayangnya, kebutuhan bisnis dan industri untuk tenaga kerja yang kompeten masih belum dapat dipenuhi, karena kualitas Sekolah Kejuruan yang ada masih kurang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis optimalisasi penyerapan lulusan kejuruan yang dibutuhkan oleh dunia usaha dan industri dalam upaya untuk mencapai keseimbangan pasar tenaga kerja di era revolusi industri 4.0. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode analisis data sekunder dan primer. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Provinsi Jawa Timur pada tahun 2018, dengan mengadakan diskusi dengan Sekolah Kejuruan, Perusahaan, dan Dinas Pendidikan Provinsi Jawa Timur. Hasil penelitian ini diperlukan untuk proses integrasi dari tiga lembaga pendidikan (kejuruan, kursus, dan pelatihan), yang mengatur pendidikan kejuruan menjadi tiga hal, yaitu: berbagi sumber daya; mengintegrasikan proses pembelajaran; dan menyamakan standar layanan minimum.KATA KUNCI: Kejuruan; Tenaga Kerja; Revolusi Industri 4.0.About the Author: Novrian Satria Perdana, M.E. is a Researcher at the Center for Policy Research Education and Culture in the Kemendikbud RI (Ministry of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia), Jalan Jenderal Sudirman, Senayan, Jakarta, Indonesia. E-mail: [email protected] Citation: Perdana, Novrian Satria. (2019). “Optimizing Workforce Absorption of Vocational High School Graduates to Prepare for the Era of Industrial Revolution 4.0” in MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN: Jurnal Indonesia untuk Kajian Pendidikan, Volume 4(2), September, pp.127-142. Bandung, Indonesia: UPI [Indonesia University of Education] Press, ISSN 2527-3868 (print) and 2503-457X (online). Article Timeline: Accepted (June 1, 2019); Revised (August 17, 2019); and Published (September 30, 2019).

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The Vocational High School in the framework of Revitalization in Indonesian

MIMBAR Jurnal Sosial dan Pembangunan ◽

10.29313/mimbar.v37i1.8033 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yuli Setiawan

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

Mixed Method ◽

High School Graduates ◽

Labour Productivity ◽

Document Analysis ◽

Vocational School ◽

Vocational Schools ◽

Vocational High School ◽

Skilled Labour ◽

National Productivity

Indonesian demographic premium with profile of productive age dominated by general high school graduates negatively affects national productivity levels. As an institution that produces skilled labour, vocational schools should be an institution that is expected to be a solution to increase labour productivity. As a government strategy to overcome these problems, the Presidential Instruction No. 09 of 2016 to revitalise the vocational school aimed at improving the competence of Vocational High School graduates. The study uses a mixed method with document analysis, interviews and also questionnaires, the results of this study explain that the Vocational High School in Indonesian does not meet the standard of the industry. From the results obtained, it can be concluded that this study is in line with the expected results.

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Employability skills in vocational high school context: An analysis of the KTSP curriculum

Journal of Vocational Education Studies ◽

10.12928/joves.v1i2.707 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 33

Author(s):

Muhammad Sayuti ◽

Mujiarto Mujiarto

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

High School Graduates ◽

School Context ◽

School Level ◽

Employability Skills ◽

Vocational High School ◽

Job Vacancy ◽

Research Findings ◽

The Government ◽

Near Future

Employability skills for students are believed to reduce the mismatch between the supply of vocational high school graduates and the demand of job vacancy from industry. For more than three centuries, the gap between the vocational high school and the workplace has become people’s concern. It seems that this issue will not end in the near future, rather will be more interesting to be studied because of the complexity of the relationship between the two sectors. The objective of this study, therefore, is to discover of how well employability skills is adopted in the school level curriculum (KTSP) of vocational high schools in Indonesia. To achieve the research’s objective, the content analysis to the curriculum was applied. The analysis of KTSP in the subject of entrepreneurship (ENT) and the computer and information management (KKPI) discovers the limited concern and the incomprehensive areas of employability skills adopted. The research findings demand the government to improve the content of employability skills in the curriculum, especially in dealing with the high unemployment rate of vocational high school graduates.

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TOT Employability Skill Bagi Guru dan Siswa SMK

Jurnal Pengabdian Pada Masyarakat ◽

10.30653/002.201831.42 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 85-92

Author(s):

Fatwa Tentama ◽

Desta Risky Kusuma ◽

Surahma Asti Mulasari ◽

Triwahyuni Sukesi ◽

Sulistyawati Sulistyawati

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

Interpersonal Communication ◽

High School Graduates ◽

Employability Skills ◽

Self Management ◽

Motivation To Learn ◽

Vocational High School ◽

Management Ability ◽

Teachers And Students ◽

Implementation Method

EMPLOYABILITY SKILL TOT FOR TEACHERS AND STUDENTS OF VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL. The issue of employability is a serious problem in Vocational High School today. The data show that the highest unemployment is dominated by graduate of Vocational High School. Vocational High School graduates who are not ready to work much become unemployed because they can not compete and get a job. In addition, when it was working will be difficult to carry out tasks in the work that eventually turned over. Teachers have difficulty in improving students' readiness because teachers do not have good employability skills so that teachers can not teach their students. TOT Employability is implemented with the aim to train students and teachers to become employability skill trainers. TOT Employability implementation method with lecture, game, role play and discussion methods. Participants in TOT Employability are students and teachers of SMK Negeri 1 Seyegan and SMK Negeri 1 Kalasan Sleman. The results of this program are students and teachers have good interpersonal communication skills, adaptability, cooperative ability, self-management ability, high entrepreneurship desire, independence, discipline, responsibility and motivation to learn high. Students and teachers who have good employability skills are expected to apply it to other students so as to have an impact on the overall employability capability.

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PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN, KETERAMPILAN DAN SIKAP PARA KAUM MUDA DALAM PERSIAPAN MEMASUKI DUNIA KERJA

Jurnal Bakti Masyarakat Indonesia ◽

10.24912/jbmi.v3i1.8007 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Linus Kali Palindangan

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

High School Graduates ◽

Vocational High School ◽

Job Seekers ◽

Governmental Organization ◽

Adequate Knowledge ◽

Job Opportunities ◽

Personal Performance ◽

And Training ◽

Good Attitude

This training activity was held thanks to the collaboration of the Tarakanita School of Communication Science and Secretariat (STIKS Tarakanita) Jakarta with the Jakarta Marga Sejahtera Non-Governmental Organization. This activity was held to provide knowledge and training for young people from Marga Sejahtera NGOs. The youths from the NGO Marga Sejahtera are all high school and vocational high school graduates who have not yet found work. All of them are then gathered to be given various knowledge, skills, and attitudes which are expected to facilitate and assist them in finding work and work. The method used in this activity is training. While the speakers of this training are Tarakanita STIKS lecturers. There are also results obtained from this training are (1) participants have adequate knowledge about the world of work, (2) participants are skilled in preparing a letter of application and CV, (3) participants are skilled in accessing the information on job opportunities through various media including procedures for applying for jobs in a way online, (4) participants send applications to companies that open job vacancies according to participant specifications, and (5) participants have a good attitude and personal performance. Based on the evaluation of the participants both verbally and in writing at the end of the event, it was concluded that similar activity was highly recommended for job seekers, both a high school / vocational and graduate graduates. Because this activity is considered very helpful for each participant in preparing to get a jobABSTRAK:Kegiatan pelaltihan ini terselenggara berkat kerjasama Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Komunikasi dan Sekretari Tarakanita (STIKS Tarakanita) Jakarta dengan Lembaga Swadaya Masyarakat Marga Sejahtera Jakarta. Kegiatan ini diselenggarakan untuk memberika pengetahuan dan latihan bagi para pemuda dari LSM Marga Sejahtera. Para pemuda dari LSM Marga Sejahtera semuanya adalah lulusan SMU dan SMK yang belum mendapatkan pekerjaan. Mereka semua kemudian dikumpulkan untuk selanjutnya diberikan berbagai pengetahuan, keterampilan dan sikap yang diharapkan akan memudahkan dan membantu mereka dalam mencari pekerjaan dan bekerja. Metode yang dipakai dalam kegiatan ini adalah pelatihan. Sementara para narasumber pelatihan ini adalah para dosen STIKS Tarakanita. Ada pun hasil yang diperoleh dari pelatihan ini adalah (1) perserta mempunyai pengetahuan yang memadai tentang dunia kerja, (2) peserta terampil menyusun surat lamaran dan CV, (3) peserta terampil mengakses informasi peluang kerja melalui berbagai media termasuk tata cara melamar pekerjaan secara online, (4) peserta mengirim lamaran ke perusahaan yang membuka lowongan pekerjaan sesuai spesifikasi peserta, dan (5) peserta memiliki sikap dan personal performance baik. Berdasarkan evaluasi dari peserta baik secara lisan maupun tertulis diakhir acara, disimpulkan bahwa kegiatan yang serupa sangat direkomendasikan bagi para pencari kerja, baik lulusan SMU/SMK maupun lulusan sarjana. Kegiatan ini dipandang sangat membantu setiap peserta dalam mempersiapkan diri mendapatkan pekerjaan

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