Genetics of some quantitative traits of the rice hybrid CR-1009 (SUB-1) × Novator

Quantitative traits which are characterized by a wide range of variability in different locations are of great importance for productivity formation. They are plant height, panicle length, number of spikelets and kernels per panicle, 1000-kernel weight, etc. The study of genetic basis of quantitative traits of rice, which are the main elements of yield structure, is an important problem and its solution is necessary to speed up breeding process. The article deals with the establishing of inheritance type, quantity of allelic variants of genes, which participate in determination of some quantitative traits of the rice hybrid obtained from hybridization of the varieties “CR-1009 (Sub-1)” and “Novator”. The genetic analysis of trait splitting has been carried out by the computer program “Polygen A”. The inheritance of the trait “plant height” occurred was of the type of incomplete domination of large values of the trait, the parental forms varied in two pairs of genes. By the panicle length, monogenic differences of the crossed varieties were observed. According to the number of spikelets per panicle, full dominance of the greater value of the trait was identified. The interaction of two genes was identified, with each parental form having both recessive and dominant alleles, but in different loci. Estimating number of kernels per panicle, there were allelic differences in two loci and trait splitting was in a ratio of 9 : 6 : 1. Trait splitting along the length and width of the spikelet was transgressive and was characterized by the dominance of smaller values of the trait. According to 1000-kernel weight, incomplete dominance of smaller values of the trait and monogenic differences of the initial parental forms have been established. According to kernel weight per panicle, the digenous differences of the parental forms and the splitting in a ratio of 15 : 1 were identified. The information that differences are determined by two pairs of main genes can be used in practical breeding. It will allow reducing the amount work to obtain recombinants with the desired combination of characteristics.

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Inheritance of quantitative traits of the rice hybrid F2-F3 Svetly × Mavr

Grain Economy of Russia ◽

10.31367/2079-8725-2020-69-3-52-57 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 52-57

Author(s):

P. I. Kostylev ◽

E. V. Krasnova ◽

A. V. Aksenov ◽

E. S. Balyukova

Keyword(s):

Genetic Analysis ◽

Plant Height ◽

Quantitative Traits ◽

Kernel Weight ◽

Panicle Length ◽

Spikelets Per Panicle ◽

Pericarp Color ◽

Black Color ◽

Dominant Genes ◽

Selection Of

Rice can form not only white, but also red, brown and black kernels. In black rice, pericarp kernels contain anthocyanin, which has an antioxidant effect and is beneficial to human health. The current paper is devoted to the development of new rice lines with black pericarp based on the hybrid Svetly × Mavr. The purpose of the work is to develop new forms of rice with anthocyanin pericarp by a hybridization of varieties with white and black kernels, a genetic analysis of a number of quantitative traits and by a selection of the best variants with compact vertical black-kernel panicles to use them in future breeding work. There has been conducted a genetic analysis of varying quantitative traits affecting the rice productivity. The cleavage by a pericarp color was carried out according to the type of recessive epistasis in a ratio of 9 : 3 : 4. The black color of the pericarp was formed in the presence of two dominant genes Pb and Pp in the genotype, the brown color was due to the Pb gene, the white color was due to the rest combinations of genes. The traits “plant height” and “number of spikelets per panicle” of the hybrids F2 and F3 were inherited by the type of superdomination of large values of the trait controlled by two loci, the interaction of which resulted in transgressive forms. According to the traits “panicle length” and “1000 kernel weight”, there has been identified intermediate monogenic inheritance and two-peaked characteristic frequency distribution curves. There have been identified rice forms with black pericarp color, combining the optimal values of the traits “plant height”, increased “panicle length”, “number of spikelets per panicle” and “1000 kernel weight”. On its basis there has been also developed an initial material for practical breeding. The study was carried out in 2018–2020 on the fields of the EP “Proletarskoye” of the Rostov region.

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Comparison of the F2 and F3 traits’ inheritance by the rice hybrid ‘Kontro x Kuboyar’

Grain Economy of Russia ◽

10.31367/2079-8725-2021-75-3-8-14 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 8-14

Author(s):

P. I. Kostylev ◽

A. V. Aksenov ◽

Е. V. Krasnova

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Traits ◽

Agricultural Research ◽

Upland Rice ◽

Kernel Weight ◽

Panicle Length ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Partial Dominance ◽

Kernel Length ◽

Rice Hybrid ◽

Negative Dominance

Rice is a very moisture-loving crop, therefore it suffers greatly from drought. However, in the world in recent years, there is an increasing shortage of fresh water, which makes the use of upland rice relevant. Therefore, rice varieties with a reduced demand for water supply, developed as a result of breeding work, are more profitable for agricultural producers than agrotechnical or reclamation measures. It is much cheaper to produce such rice with periodic irrigation. The purpose of the current study was to analyze genetically the main quantitative traits of the rice hybrid ‘Kontro x Kuboyar’ with the selection of the best forms for subsequent breeding for drought resistance. The study was carried out in 2019–2020 on the rice plots of the special subdivision ‘Proletarskoye’ belonging to of the Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” in the Rostov Region. In the course of the study there has been made a genetic analysis of a number of quantitative traits that determine rice productivity. The character of traits’ inheritance in the second and third generations was identical. The inheritance of the trait ‘panicle length’ was characterized by partial negative dominance and monogenic differences in parental varieties. The trait ‘number of spikelets per panicle’ was inherited according to the type of negative dominance of smaller values of the trait and was determined by the interaction of two pairs of genes. The trait ‘1000-kernel weight’ was identified by the partial dominance of large values of the trait and monogenic differences in the parental varieties. The traits ‘kernel length’ and ‘kernel width’ were split according to the monohybrid scheme 1:2:1, and there was no dominance. From the third generation, the best early-maturing forms with optimal values of the traits ‘plant height’, ‘panicle length’, ‘1000-kernel weight’ and ‘the best kernel percentage per panicle’ were selected for the subsequent breeding of drought-resistant rice varieties.

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Inheritance of some quantitative traits in the hybrid generations ‘Kuboyar × Gagat’

Grain Economy of Russia ◽

10.31367/2079-8725-2021-77-5-9-16 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 9-16

Author(s):

P. I. Kostylev ◽

E. V. Krasnova ◽

G. A. Sirapionov

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Quantitative Traits ◽

Grain Weight ◽

Panicle Length ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Partial Dominance ◽

Kernel Length ◽

Allelic Differences ◽

White Grain ◽

1000 Grain Weight

Rice is an important food for humans. In the world, for food purposes white-grain rice varieties are mainly used, but there are varieties in which kernel pericarp is of red, brown, purple or black color. Such rice is more beneficial for health promotion. The current paper has presented the results of genetic analysis of the inheritance of a number of variable quantitative traits in rice hybrid populations of the first and third generations obtained by the hybridization of the varieties ‘Kuboyar’ and ‘Gagat’. The variety ‘Kuboyar’ is medium-sized, with a compact erect panicle, an oval caryopsis and white pericarp. The variety ‘Gagat’ is tall, with a long drooping panicle, a long kernel and black pericarp. The work was carried out on the territory of the OP ‘Proletarskoe’ of the Rostov region in 2018–2020. The analysis of the inheritance of some quantitative traits that have a direct impact on the rice productivity made it possible to establish new inheritance regularities. According to the trait ‘plant height’ there has been identified partial dominance of the largest values of the trait in the hybrids F2 and F3. Allelic differences of 3 pairs of genes were identified in parental forms. The trait ‘panicle length’ showed overdominance of the trait in F2, it was absent in F3, and there were digenic differences in parental forms. The trait ‘number of spikelets per panicle’ demonstrated overdominance of large values and positive transgression. According to the trait ‘1000-grain weight’, the hybrids of both generations were split by the digenic scheme in a ratio of 1:4:6:4:1. There was no dominance in the trait ‘kernel length’; the initial varieties had differences in 2 pairs of genes. According to the trait ‘kernel width’, there was identified incomplete dominance of smaller values, and there was monohybrid split. There have been selected the best plants F3 with a black pericarp, average values of the traits ‘plant height’, ‘panicle length’, ‘1000-grain weight’ and an increased number of grains per panicle for the further breeding process.

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SPRING DURUM WHEAT IN THE CONDITIONS OF FOREST-STEPPE REGION OF THE CHUVASH REPUBLIC

Grain Economy of Russia ◽

10.31367/2079-8725-2018-58-4-59-62 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 59-62 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

A. G. Lozhkin ◽

P. N. Malchikov ◽

M. G. Myasnikova

Keyword(s):

Durum Wheat ◽

Plant Height ◽

Kernel Weight ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Biometric Analysis ◽

Steppe Region ◽

Northern Regions ◽

Yield Structure ◽

Chuvash Republic

The article presents the data of productivity of spring durum wheat varieties of various morphotype in the northern regions of Chuvash, and the purpose is to select the most promising and to find the opportunities of breeding and technological adaptability of spring durum wheat in the region. There were five varieties participated in the trials, they are ‘Bezenchukskaya Niva’, ‘Bezenchukskaya 200’, ‘Bezenchukskaya 205’, ‘Bezenchukskaya 209’, ‘Luch 25’. The results of the biometric analysis of spring durum wheat showed that plant height of the varieties ranged from 74.6 cm to 104.8 cm. The plants of the variety ‘Bezenchukskaya 200’ were found the shortest, the plants of the variety ‘Bezenchukskaya 205’ turned to be the highest. The varieties ‘Bezenchukskaya Niva’ and ‘Bezenchukskaya 209’ showed the best indexes of productive tillering. The best indexes of a yield structure were found in the variety ‘Bezenchukskaya Niva’ with 5.1 cm of a head length, 22.9 seeds per head and 1.12 g of seeds per head. The least indexes were found in the variety ‘Bezenchukskaya 205’ with 16.8 seeds per head and 0.76 g of seeds per head. It has been determined that a number and weight of seeds per head of the varieties changed proportionally to length of head. 1000-kernel weight ranged from 42.32 to 53.27g depending on the variety. The variety ‘Bezenchukskaya Niva’ produced the largest yield (34.1 hwt/ha), the variety ‘Bezenchukskaya 205’ showed the least productivity (19.6 hwt/ha).

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Assessment of genetic variability, correlation and path association in rice (oryza sativa l.)

Journal of Bio-Science ◽

10.3329/jbs.v18i0.8767 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 18 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

SK Yadav ◽

BG Suresh ◽

Praveen Pandey ◽

Binod Kumar

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variability ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Plant Height ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Harvest Index ◽

Test Weight ◽

Index Number ◽

Panicle Length ◽

Spikelets Per Panicle ◽

Biological Yield

Context: Direct selection based on crop yields is often a paradox in breeding programmes because yield is a complex polygenically inherited character, influenced by its component traits. Objectives: The present research work was taken up to assess genetic variability, phenotypic and genotypic associations between various components of grain yield to provide basis for selection and yield improvement in rice. Materials and Methods: Correlation coefficient and path association are used to find out the degree (strength) and direction of relationship between two or more variable and for fixing up the characters which are having decisive role in influencing the yield. Therefore, a field experiment was carried out to establish the extent of association between yield and yield components and others characters in rice. Analysis of variance revealed that significant amount of genetic variability was present in the entire characters studied. Results: High heritability coupled with high to moderate genetic advance as % of mean was observed on plant height seed yield per plant, biological yield, harvest index, test weight and number of spikelets per panicle suggesting preponderance of additive gene action in the expression of these characters. The correlation coefficient between seed yield per plant and other quantitative attributing to yield showed that grain yield was significantly and positively associated with harvest index, number of tillers per hill, number of panicle per plant, panicle length, number of spikelet's per panicle and test weight at both genotypic and phenotypic levels. Path coefficient at genotypic level revealed that harvest index, biological yield, number of tillers per hill, panicle length, number of spikelets per panicle, plant height and test weight had direct positive effect on seed yield per hill, indicating these are the main contributors to yield.Conclusion: From the correlation and path study it may be concluded that harvest index, number of tillers per hill, panicle length, and number of spikelet per panicle and test weight are the most important characters that contributed directly to seed yield per hill. Thus a genotype with higher magnitude of these traits could be either selected from existing genotypes or evolved by breeding program for genetic improvement of yield in rice. Key words: Rice; variability; heritability; agro-morphological traits; correlation; pathDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbs.v18i0.8767 JBS 2010; 18(0): 1-8

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Genetic variability, association and diversity analysis in upland Rice (Oryza sativa L)

SAARC Journal of Agriculture ◽

10.3329/sja.v12i2.21915 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 40-51 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

R Khare ◽

AK Singh ◽

S Eram ◽

PK Singh

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Plant Height ◽

Quantitative Traits ◽

Upland Rice ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Panicle Length ◽

Days To Maturity ◽

High Heritability ◽

Positive Direct ◽

Fertile Spikelet

High heritability coupled with high to moderate phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation and genetic advance as per cent of mean was recorded for grain yield per plant, plant height, test weight, fertile spikelet per panicle, total grains per panicle and number of effective tillers per plant. Positive and significant association were observed for days to 50 per cent flowering, days to maturity, plant height, panicle length, fertile spikelet per panicle, total grains per panicle and spikelet fertility with grain yield per plant at both genotypic and phenotypic level, while highest positive direct effect on grain yield was recorded by fertile spikelet per panicle, total number of grains per panicle, plant height and days to 50% flowering. Based on ten quantitative traits the accessions were clustered into seven groups, the cluster III contained highest 14 accessions, followed by clusters I comprised 11 accessions and cluster VI, VII, V, IV and II have 9, 8, 7, 6 and 5 accessions, respectively. The first four principal components accounted for 77.13% of total variation of all the traits. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sja.v12i2.21915 SAARC J. Agri., 12(2): 40-51 (2014)

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Genetic analysis of the hybrid rice population ‘Mavr × Kontakt’

Grain Economy of Russia ◽

10.31367/2079-8725-2021-78-6-39-44 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 39-44

Author(s):

P. I. Kostylev ◽

E. V. Krasnova ◽

G. A. Sirapionov

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Kernel Weight ◽

Hybrid Population ◽

Rostov Region ◽

Study Results ◽

Spikelets Per Panicle ◽

Rice Samples ◽

Negative Dominance ◽

Positive Effect ◽

Black Color

Rice can form not only white-color kernels, but also of red, brown and black colors. In black-color rice kernels, the pericarp contains anthocyanin, which has antioxidant activity and therefore has a positive effect on human health. The purpose of the current study was to develop rice samples with black pericarp. The paper has presented the study results of the hybrid population ‘Mavr × Kontakt’ of the second generation. The variety ‘Mavr’ has a black pericarp, the variety ‘Kontakt’ has a white one. In the process of hybridological analysis there have been identified the patterns of inheritance of the main quantitative traits affecting productivity; there have been identified the best samples, in which formed compact erect panicles and black kernels; there has been selected the initial material for breeding work. The study was carried out in 2020 on the plots of the ES “Proletarskoye” in the Rostov region. There was established that the color of pericarp was inherited according to the type of complementary interaction of two genes. There was found an overdominance and interaction of two pairs of genes of different strengths according to ‘plant height’. There was also seen partial positive dominance, transgressions, and digenic differences of the initial varieties according to ‘panicle length’. According to the traits ‘number of spikelets per panicle’, there was identified overdominance of large values and positive transgression. There were found the forms with well-kerneled panicles. The trait ‘1000 kernel weight’ was characterized by negative dominance and dihybrid cleavage of 9:6:1. There have been selected the best morphotype F2 forms with black pericarp, which possessed optimal plant height, long panicles, larger kernel size, and an average 1000 kernel weight.

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Multivariate analysis and selection criteria for identification of African rice (Oryza glaberrima) for genetic improvement of indica rice cultivars

Plant Genetic Resources ◽

10.1017/s1479262119000327 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 17 (6) ◽

pp. 499-505

Author(s):

V. G. Ishwarya Lakshmi ◽

M. Sreedhar ◽

S. Vanisri ◽

M. S. Anantha ◽

L. V. Subba Rao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Plant Height ◽

Genetic Improvement ◽

Indica Rice ◽

Flowering Plant ◽

Oryza Glaberrima ◽

Panicle Length ◽

Early Maturity ◽

African Rice ◽

Spikelets Per Panicle

AbstractThirty-one accessions of Oryza glaberrima were evaluated to study the genetic variability, correlation, path, principal component analysis (PCA) and D2 analysis. Box plots depicted high estimates of variability for days to 50% flowering and grain yield per plant in Kharif 2016, plant height, productive tillers, panicle length and 1000 seed weight in Kharif 2017. Correlation studies revealed days to 50% flowering, plant height, panicle length, number of productive tillers, spikelets per panicle having a high direct positive association with grain yield, while path analysis identified the number of productive tillers having the maximum direct positive effect on grain yield. Days to 50% flowering via spikelets per panicle, productive tillers and plant height via spikelets per panicle exhibited high positive indirect effects on grain yield per plant. PCA showed that a cumulative variance of 54.752% from yield per plant, days to 50% flowering, spikelets per panicle and panicle length, contributing almost all the variation of traits while D2 analysis identified days to 50% flowering and grain yield per plant contributing maximum to the genetic diversity. Therefore, selection of accessions with more number of productive tillers and early maturity would be most suitable for yield improvement programme. The study has revealed the utility of African rice germplasm and its potential to utilize in the genetic improvement of indica rice varieties.

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Phenotypic diversity of the tidal swamp rice (Oryza sativa L.) germplasm from South Kalimantan, Indonesia

Australian Journal of Crop Science ◽

10.21475/ajcs.19.13.03.p1268 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 ((03) 2019) ◽

pp. 386-394

Author(s):

Dindin H. Mursyidin ◽

Purnomo ◽

Issirep Sumardi ◽

Budi S. Daryono

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Quantitative Traits ◽

Phenotypic Diversity ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Leaf Sheath ◽

Phenotypic Traits ◽

Rice Cultivars ◽

Tidal Swamp ◽

Wide Range ◽

The Future

Tidal swamp rice is a valuable source for developing new rice cultivars in the future because they possess some important traits for, adapted to a wide range of abiotic and biotic stresses. In this study, twenty-seven cultivars of the tidal swamp rice, comprising 26 from the South Kalimantan and one of Sumatera Island, Indonesia (an outgroup), were characterized phenotypically. Following Biodiversity International procedure, 14 qualitative and 15 quantitative traits were observed. The results show that this germplasm has a unique diversity in phenotypic traits. The secondary branch of panicle was the highest diversity of qualitative traits with an index of 0.93. Similarly, the plant height was the highest for quantitative traits (0.70). The correlation analysis confirmed that plant height, strongly correlated to culm diameter, the number of tillers and grain ratio. The PCA indicated that several independent traits, such as coleoptile anthocyanin coloration, basal leaf sheath color, and grain length, have positively contributed to the diversity, accounting 62.99%. Based on PCA analysis, the tidal swamp rice were clustered into four groups. According to UPGMA, this germplasm separated into six main groups, where Sardani (an outgroup) was very closely related to Lakatan Pacar and most distantly to Siam Perak. This information would be useful for the future rice breeding program, particularly in developing new rice cultivars in the tidal swamp areas.

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