scholarly journals The Milk Factor: The Ideology of Breast-feeding and Post-partum Illnesses, 1750–1850

1993 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Sherwood
Keyword(s):  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Milk Factor

scholarly journals POST-PARTUM MATERNAL RUBELLA IMMUNIZATION AND EFFECT OF BREAST FEEDING ON SUBSEQUENT IMMUNIZATION OF THE INFANTS

1984 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 288A-288A
Author(s):  
David T Wong ◽  
Genevieve A Losonsky ◽  
Harry Guess ◽  
Karen Hovey ◽  
Pearay L Ogra
Keyword(s):  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Post Partum

Breast-feeding in Manila, Philippines preliminary results from a longitudinal study

1985 ◽  
Vol 17 (S9) ◽  
pp. 137-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayling Simpson-Hebert ◽  
Lorna P. Makil
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Maternity Hospital ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
Early Termination ◽  
First Year ◽  
Low Income Families

SummaryLongitudinal data collected over a 2-year period (1982–84) on 152 first and second parity mothers who were delivered in a charity maternity hospital in Manila, Philippines, indicate the reasons for never brest-feeding and for early termination of brest-feeding. Socio-Cultural factors and beliefs are more important than physiological problems in minating breast-feeding.Proper bottle-feeding is too costly for most low-income families. Bottle-fed babies have a higher incidence of diarrhoea. Mothers who change from breast- to bottle-feeding in the first 6 months are 1·7 times as likely to become pregnant in the first year post-partum as mothers Who brest-feed for 7 or more months.

scholarly journals Post-partum psychoses and breast feeding in developing countries

1991 ◽  
Vol 159 (6) ◽  
pp. 885-886
Author(s):  
Jayashree Ramasethu ◽  
K. S. Jacob
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Post Partum

scholarly journals Knowledge and Practice of Contraceptive Among Lactating Mothers Attending at Radda Maternal and Child Health and Family Planning Centre at Mirpur, Dhaka

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
Mohammad Taslim Uddin ◽  
Shaibal Barua
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Maternal And Child Health ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Lactating Mothers ◽  
Child Spacing ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
And Child Health

Background: As a natural child-spacing method breast feeding is very effective during the early post partum period. In Bangladesh it is believed that conception occurs very rarely during post partum and lactation period. Mothers nurse their children for long period, believing this is an easy, practical and natural method to delay or prevent a subsequent pregnancy. Since child-spacing effect of breast feeding gradually diminishes over time depending on personal and social circumstances breast feeding women during lactation need contraceptive methods which must be effective and safe and must not affect lactation. Methods: A descriptive type of cross sectional study was carried out, from July 2012 to December 2012, among 110 lactating mothers at RADDA Maternal and Child Health (MCH) and Family planning Centre, Mirpur, Dhaka with the objective of assessing their knowledge and practice on contraceptive methods. Results: Out of 110 respondents, 92 respondents having 1-2 children (83.64%) 79.35% were practicing contraception and 20.5% were not practicing any method and rest of 18 respondents having >2 children (16.36%), 77.78% were practicing contraception and 22.22% were not practicing contraception. Of the 91 respondents having children 1-2, 75.4% had average and above average knowledge and the rest 8.1% had below average knowledge on contraceptive methods. Of the 19 respondents having >2 children, 16.3% had average and above average knowledge and the rest (0.2%) had below average knowledge on contraceptive methods. The difference between the two groups in respect of practice and knowledge of contraception were found statistically insignificant. Conclusion: The study shows significant relation between the knowledge and practice of contraceptive with number of the children. There is significant difference between the knowledge among primary and secondary educated mothers and the practice of contraception varied with their education levels. All the respondents had knowledge about contraceptive methods but 20.9% were not practicing any methods due to various reasons. Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.17 (2); Jul 2018; Page 40-46

Determinants of breast-feeding and post-partum sexual abstinence: analysis of a Sample of Yoruba women, western Nigeria

1985 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osei-mensah Aborampah
Keyword(s):  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Sexual Abstinence ◽  
Multiple Classification ◽  
Child Spacing ◽  
Regression Techniques ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Intermediate Variables ◽  
Positive Effect

SummaryThis study employs multiple classification and regression techniques to determine the influence of marital, sociodemographic and selected intermediate variables on duration of breast-feeding and post-partum sexual abstinence among a sample of 300 Yoruba women of western Nigeria. Only education and place of residence appeared to be significantly related to the post-partum variables. Breast-feeding was shown to exert a significant positive effect on abstinence. The effect of contraception on the post-partum variables appeared to be a function of socioeconomic status.Reductions in the duration of the post-partum variables due to relative affluence can result in increases in fertility. Planners may do well to encourage women to go back to the use of these traditional child spacing practices in the absence of large scale and effective use of contraceptives.

Determinants of breast-feeding and post-partum amenorrhoea in Orissa

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Srinivasan ◽  
K. B. Pathak ◽  
Arvind Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Fertility Survey ◽  
Proportional Hazard ◽  
Caste Status ◽  
Table Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Proportional Hazard ◽  
Using Data

SummaryA life table analysis is made of the duration of breast-feeding and postpartum amenorrhoea in Orissa, India, taking one variable at a time using data from a baseline survey of fertility and mortality (BSFM) conducted on the lines of the World Fertility Survey. Then a multivariate (proportional hazard) analysis showed that socioeconomic factors including residence, caste status and education influence the breast-feeding and post-partum amenorrhoea periods. There was no effect of maternal age on the length of breast-feeding, but mean length of post-partum amenorrhoea varied with age. The durations of breast-feeding and post-partum amen orrhoea are strongly related.

scholarly journals Yield and nutrient content of milk in eight women breast-feeding twins and one woman breast-feeding triplets

1986 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Saint ◽  
P. Maggiore ◽  
P. E. Hartmann
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Average Frequency ◽  
Total Energy Intake

1. The milk yield of eight mothers each breast-feeding twins was determined by test weighing the mothers. Milk yield was determined at 2, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months post partum; however, only one mother was studied at all these times.2. At 6 months post partum the milk yield for individual breasts of three mothers fully breast-feeding and four mothers partially breast-feeding their infants ranged from 0.84 to 2.16 kg/24 h and 0.42 to 1.39 kg/24 h respectively. The average frequency of breast-feeding for the mothers studied at 6 months post partum was 15.4 feeds124 h.3. The milk yield of one mother fully breast-feeding 2.5-month-old triplets was 3.08 kg/24 h and the infants were fed twenty-seven times in 24 h.4. The concentration of lactose, protein and mixed fat in the milk from individual breasts of mothers fully breast-feeding their infants ranged from 65.6 to 82.2, 7.8 to 15.7 and 16.7 to 46.2 g/1 respectively. For the three mothers partially breast-feeding 12-month-old infants the values ranged from 54.8 to 71.8, 14.2 to 19.9 and 4.7 to 40.5 g/l respectively.5. At 6 and 12 months of age, the proportion of the total energy intake of the infants which was derived from breast milk ranged from 64 to 100% and 6 to 13% respectively.6. It is concluded that the maximum potential milk yield for women may be higher than the often quoted value of 70–800 m1/24 h.

A study of returning fertility after childbirth and during lactation by measurement of urinary oestrogen and pregnanediol excretion and cervical mucus production

1985 ◽  
Vol 17 (S9) ◽  
pp. 5-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
James B. Brown ◽  
Patricia Harrisson ◽  
Margery A. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Basal Body ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Ovarian Activity ◽  
Basal Body Temperature ◽  
Cyclic Activity ◽  
Mucus Production ◽  
Unplanned Pregnancies ◽  
Number Of Cycles

SummaryLongitudinal studies involving weekly measurement of urinary oestrogen and pregnanediol excretion were performed in 55 post-partum women to identify the patterns of returning fertility. The women kept diaries of breast-feeding episodes, mucus symptoms and times of bleeding; some recorded basal body temperature and acts of intercourse. The study represented a total time of 36 years (7·8 months per woman). The majority of the women were breast-feeding throughout the study. During lactation amenorrhoea, there was complete ovarian quiescence in two-thirds of the subjects and minimal cyclic activity in the others. The first bleeds were associated with anovulatory ovarian activity in 40% of the women, with normal ovulation in 19%, with ovulation but short luteal phases in 25% and with ovulation but deficient luteal phases in 16%. The incidence of normal ovulatory cycles increased with time after delivery and with the number of cycles after delivery and eventually reached 85% even though many women were still breast-feeding at the time. Twenty-two pregnancies occurred, fourteen being unplanned: eight women were fully breast-feeding at the time of conception. Mucus symptoms correlated with the hormone values in approximately 60% of cycles. However, some women had symptoms which were difficult to interpret during their early cycles or potential fertility was not indicated by raised mucus scores or the presence of the peak mucus symptom. These problems together with the resulting confusion appeared to be the major causes for the unplanned pregnancies. Methods for coping with these problems are discussed.

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